安装Ceph集群
环境准备
CentOS 7.6
| 主机名 | IP | Role |
|---|---|---|
| admin | 192.168.182.128 | admin |
| node1 | 192.168.182.129 | mon/mgr/osd |
| node2 | 192.168.182.130 | osd |
| node3 | 192.168.182.131 | osd |
| client | 192.168.182.132 |
- 所有节点修改主机名相互解析
- 三台node节点添加大小5G以上硬盘
- 关闭所有节点防火墙与SeLinux
- 所有节点创建普通用户并设置密码
以下内容写入到 /etc/hosts
192.168.182.128 admin
192.168.182.129 node1
192.168.182.130 node2
192.168.182.131 node3
192.168.182.132 client
关闭所有节点防火墙与SeLinux脚本(授权并执行即可)
#!/bin/bash
# 关闭防火墙
echo "正在关闭防火墙..."
sudo systemctl stop firewalld
sudo systemctl disable firewalld
echo "防火墙已关闭并禁用。"
# 检查 SELinux 状态
sestatus=$(sestatus | grep "SELinux status" | awk '{print $3}')
if [ "$sestatus" == "enabled" ]; then
# 关闭 SELinux
echo "正在关闭 SELinux..."
sudo setenforce 0
sudo sed -i 's/^SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/' /etc/selinux/config
echo "SELinux 已关闭。"
else
echo "SELinux 已经处于禁用状态，无需操作。"
fi
echo "脚本执行完毕。"
所有节点创建用户,设置密码
useradd cephu
passwd cephu
确保Ceph节点新创建用户都有sudo权限 所有节点均操作
visudo
#大约在100行添加
cephu ALL=(root) NOPASSWD:ALL
实现ssh免密登录 （admin节点操作）
[root@admin ~]# su - cephu
[cephu@admin ~]$ ssh-keygen
#将admin节点cephu用户生产的密钥拷贝到各Ceph节点
ssh-copy-id cephu@node
#admin节点root用户田家庵~/.ssh/config配置文件 这样ceph-deploy就能用你所建的用户名登陆Ceph节点了
[root@admin ~]# mkdir ~/.ssh
[root@admin ~]# vim ~/.ssh/config
[root@admin ~]# cat ~/.ssh/config
Host node1
Hostname node1
User cephu
Host node2
Hostname node2
User cephu
Host node3
Hostname node3
User cephu
添加下载源
安装ceph-deploy（admin节点root用户)
vim /etc/yum.repos.d/ceph.repo
[ceph-noarch]
name=Ceph noarch packages
baseurl=https://download.ceph.com/rpm-luminous/el7/noarch
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
type=rpm-md
gpgkey=https://download.ceph.com/keys/release.asc
yum makecache
yum update
#开启yum缓存
[root@admin ~]# vim /etc/yum.conf
keepcache=1
yum install ceph-deploy -y
安装ntp服务
在所有节点操作，选择一台节点当ntp时间服务器，其他节点当时间服务器客户端跟服务器同步时间。
[root@admin ~]# yum install -y ntp
[root@admin ~]# vim /etc/ntp.conf #有4行server的位置，把那4行server行注释掉，填写以下两行
server 127.127.1.0 # local clock
fudge 127.127.1.0 stratum 10
[root@admin ~]# systemctl start ntpd
[root@admin ~]# systemctl enable ntpd
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/ntpd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/ntpd.service.
其他节点
yum install ntpdate -y
ntpdate 时间服务器ip
部署集群
无特殊说明以下操作均在admin节点，cephu用户执行
-
创建cephu操作的目录，ceph-deploy命令操作必须在该目录下执行
[root@admin ~]# su - cephu Last login: Tue Jul 11 10:09:09 EDT 2023 on pts/0 [cephu@admin ~]$ mkdir my-cluster sudo yum install wget unzip -y -
创建集群
wget https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/5f/ad/1fde06877a8d7d5c9b60eff7de2d452f639916ae1d48f0b8f97bf97e570a/distribute-0.7.3.zip[cephu@admin ~]$ ls distribute-0.7.3.zip my-cluster [cephu@admin ~]$ unzip distribute-0.7.3.zip [cephu@admin ~]$ cd distribute-0.7.3 [cephu@admin distribute-0.7.3]$ sudo python setup.py install [cephu@admin distribute-0.7.3]$ cd ../my-cluster/ [cephu@admin my-cluster]$ ceph-deploy new node1 [cephu@admin my-cluster]$ ls ceph.conf ceph-deploy-ceph.log ceph.mon.keyring -
在三台node节点上安装ceph-radosgw主包
（三台node节点操作）
#安装epel源 yum install -y epel* #创建Ceph源，内容如下：阿里源 vim /etc/yum.repos.d/ceph.repo[Ceph] name=Ceph packages for $basearch baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ceph/rpm-luminous/el7/$basearch enabled=1 gpgcheck=0 type=rpm-md gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ceph/keys/release.asc priority=1 [Ceph-noarch] name=Ceph noarch packages baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ceph/rpm-luminous/el7/noarch enabled=1 gpgcheck=0 type=rpm-md gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ceph/keys/release.asc priority=1 [ceph-source] name=Ceph source packages baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ceph/rpm-luminous/el7/SRPMS enabled=1 gpgcheck=0 type=rpm-md gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ceph/keys/release.asc priority=1 -
在三台node节点执行命令安装软件
su - cephu sudo yum install ceph ceph-radosgw -y ceph --version ceph version 12.2.13 (584a20eb0237c657dc0567da126be145106aa47e) luminous (stable)
初始化集群
-
初始化mon(cephu@admin)
[cephu@admin my-cluster]$ ceph-deploy mon create-initial ceph-deploy admin node1 node2 node3 ceph-deploy mgr create node1 -
添加osd
#查看node节点的磁盘名称 [cephu@node3 ~]$ lsblk NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT sda 8:0 0 20G 0 disk ├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot └─sda2 8:2 0 19G 0 part ├─centos-root 253:0 0 17G 0 lvm / └─centos-swap 253:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP] sdb 8:16 0 5G 0 disk sr0 11:0 1 918M 0 rom[cephu@admin my-cluster]$ ceph-deploy osd create --data /dev/sdb node1 [cephu@admin my-cluster]$ ceph-deploy osd create --data /dev/sdb node2 [cephu@admin my-cluster]$ ceph-deploy osd create --data /dev/sdb node3DashBoard配置
node1操作
#创建管理域密钥 [cephu@node1 ~]$ sudo ceph auth get-or-create mgr.node1 mon 'allow profile mgr' osd 'allow *' mds 'allow *' [mgr.node1] key = AQCUXa5kZcSGIhAAqRGiZM7wLa3PQpfhR3dJbA== #开启管理域 [cephu@node1 ~]$ sudo ceph-mgr -i node1 #查看状态 [cephu@node1 ~]$ sudo ceph status cluster: id: 4f902c45-53fb-4048-9697-77b959811be9 health: HEALTH_OK services: mon: 1 daemons, quorum node1 mgr: node1(active, starting) osd: 3 osds: 3 up, 3 in data: pools: 0 pools, 0 pgs objects: 0 objects, 0B usage: 3.01GiB used, 12.0GiB / 15.0GiB avail pgs: #打开dashboard模块 [cephu@node1 ~]$ sudo ceph mgr module enable dashboard #绑定dashboard模块 sudo ceph config-key set mgr/dashboard/node1/server_addr 192.168.182.129 # ip地址为mgr节点的ip地址,也就是node1的ip地址访问
配置客户端
配置客户端使用rbd，创建块设备需要创建存储池，相关命令需要mon节点执行（node1节点）
[cephu@node1 ~]$ sudo ceph osd pool create rbd 128 128
pool 'rbd' created
#初始化存储池
[cephu@node1 ~]$ sudo rbd pool init rbd
#升级内核
[root@client ~]# uname -r
3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64
rpm --import https://www.elrepo.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-elrepo.org
[root@client ~]# rpm -Uvh http://www.elrepo.org/elrepo-release-7.0-2.el7.elrepo.noarch.rpm
#查看可用系统内核包
[root@client ~]# yum --disablerepo="*" --enablerepo="elrepo-kernel" list available
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* elrepo-kernel: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn
elrepo-kernel | 3.0 kB 00:00:00
elrepo-kernel/primary_db | 3.2 MB 00:00:17
Available Packages
elrepo-release.noarch 7.0-6.el7.elrepo elrepo-kernel
kernel-lt.x86_64 5.4.249-1.el7.elrepo elrepo-kernel
kernel-lt-devel.x86_64 5.4.249-1.el7.elrepo elrepo-kernel
kernel-lt-doc.noarch 5.4.249-1.el7.elrepo elrepo-kernel
kernel-lt-headers.x86_64 5.4.249-1.el7.elrepo elrepo-kernel
kernel-lt-tools.x86_64 5.4.249-1.el7.elrepo elrepo-kernel
kernel-lt-tools-libs.x86_64 5.4.249-1.el7.elrepo elrepo-kernel
kernel-lt-tools-libs-devel.x86_64 5.4.249-1.el7.elrepo elrepo-kernel
kernel-ml.x86_64 6.4.3-1.el7.elrepo elrepo-kernel
kernel-ml-devel.x86_64 6.4.3-1.el7.elrepo elrepo-kernel
kernel-ml-doc.noarch 6.4.3-1.el7.elrepo elrepo-kernel
kernel-ml-headers.x86_64 6.4.3-1.el7.elrepo elrepo-kernel
kernel-ml-tools.x86_64 6.4.3-1.el7.elrepo elrepo-kernel
kernel-ml-tools-libs.x86_64 6.4.3-1.el7.elrepo elrepo-kernel
kernel-ml-tools-libs-devel.x86_64 6.4.3-1.el7.elrepo elrepo-kernel
perf.x86_64 5.4.249-1.el7.elrepo elrepo-kernel
python-perf.x86_64 5.4.249-1.el7.elrepo elrepo-kernel
yum --enablerepo=elrepo-kernel install kernel-ml-devel kernel-ml -y
#内核默认启动顺序
[root@client ~]# awk -F\' '$1=="menuentry " {print $2}' /etc/grub2.cfg
CentOS Linux (6.4.3-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64) 7 (Core)
CentOS Linux (3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64) 7 (Core)
CentOS Linux (0-rescue-3e4185a101a24cd88c8db432a7f43144) 7 (Core)
grub2-set-default 0
reboot
#删除旧内核
yum remove kernel -y
yum -y install python-setuptools
创建epel源
yum install -y epel*
[Ceph]
name=Ceph packages for $basearch
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ceph/rpm-luminous/el7/$basearch
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
type=rpm-md
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ceph/keys/release.asc
priority=1
[Ceph-noarch]
name=Ceph noarch packages
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ceph/rpm-luminous/el7/noarch
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
type=rpm-md
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ceph/keys/release.asc
priority=1
[ceph-source]
name=Ceph source packages
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ceph/rpm-luminous/el7/SRPMS
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
type=rpm-md
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ceph/keys/release.asc
priority=1
[root@client ~]# vim /etc/yum.conf #开启yum缓存
keepcache=1
yum clean all
su - cephu
admin节点对client授权
[cephu@admin my-cluster]$ ceph-deploy admin client
#client修改读写权限
[cephu@client ~]$ sudo chmod +r /etc/ceph/ceph.client.admin.keyring
[cephu@client ~]$ sudo vi /etc/ceph/ceph.conf #在global section下添加：
rbd_default_features = 1
client节点创建块设备镜像
rbd create foo --size 4096
---映射---
#映射到主机
[cephu@client ~]$ sudo rbd map foo --name client.admin
/dev/rbd0
#格式化块设备
sudo mkfs.ext4 -m 0 /dev/rbd/rbd/foo
[cephu@client ~]$ sudo mkdir /mnt/ceph-block-device
[cephu@client ~]$ sudo mount /dev/rbd/rbd/foo /mnt/ceph-block-device
[cephu@client ~]$ cd /mnt/ceph-block-device
[cephu@client ceph-block-device]$ df -Th
Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs devtmpfs 452M 0 452M 0% /dev
tmpfs tmpfs 465M 0 465M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs tmpfs 465M 6.6M 458M 2% /run
tmpfs tmpfs 465M 0 465M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-root xfs 17G 2.0G 16G 12% /
/dev/sda1 xfs 1014M 141M 874M 14% /boot
tmpfs tmpfs 93M 0 93M 0% /run/user/0
/dev/rbd0 ext4 3.8G 24K 3.8G 1% /mnt/ceph-block-device
[cephu@client ceph-block-device]$ sudo touch test.txt
客户端重起后，设备需要重新作映射,否则可能卡死。
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