1 安装相关依赖

安装opencv前，需要先准备好编译器、相关依赖

sudo apt-get install gcc g++ cmake vim
sudo apt-get install build-essential libgtk2.0-dev libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libjpeg-dev libswscale-dev libtiff5-dev
sudo apt-get install libgtk2.0-dev
sudo apt-get install pkg-config

若没有安装sudo，则

apt-get update
apt-get install sudo

2 下载

git clone https://gitcode.net/opencv/opencv

3 配置

cd opencv
mkdir build
cd build

sudo cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local .. -D OPENCV_GENERATE_PKGCONFIG=ON

这块要注意的是要设置“-D OPENCV_GENERATE_PKGCONFIG=ON”，否则在输入以下指令时会报错，

pkg-config --cflags opencv

Package opencv was not found in the pkg-config search path.
Perhaps you should add the directory containing `opencv.pc'
to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable
No package 'opencv' found

4 编译

sudo make -j[线程数]，如

sudo make -j8

5 安装

sudo make install

6 环境配置

1. 修改/etc/ld.so.conf

sudo vim /etc/ld.so.conf

打开文件后，在末端添加

include /usr/local/lib

输入以下指令来更新系统共享链接库

sudo ldconfig

2. 修改/etc/bash.bashrc

sudo vim /etc/bash.bashrc

打开文件后，在末端添加

PKG_CONFIG_PATH=$PKG_CONFIG_PATH:/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig
export PKG_CONFIG_PATH

激活配置文件

source /etc/bash.bashrc

7 查看版本

pkg-config opencv4 --modversion