一 装饰器模式
order_sources:
source1:
on_agreement: "reduce_receivable"
on_completion: "reduce_receivable"
on_rejection: "none"
source2:
on_agreement: "none"
on_completion: "reduce_receivable"
on_rejection: "none"
source3:
on_agreement: "none"
on_completion: "none"
on_rejection: "none"
import yaml
"""
不同来源执行不同的操作的时候,动态判断进行相应的操作
"""
# 读取配置文件
def load_config(file_path):
with open(file_path, 'r') as file:
config = yaml.safe_load(file)
return config
"""装饰器:装饰器是一种用于修改或增强函数行为的工具。
在这个例子中,register_handler 是一个装饰器工厂,它返回一个装饰器。
装饰器工厂:装饰器工厂可以根据传入的参数动态生成装饰器。
这里,register_handler 接受一个 action 参数,并返回一个装饰器,
该装饰器将 action 属性添加到被装饰的函数上
"""
def register_handler(action):
def decorator(func):
func.action = action
return func
return decorator
# 定义处理函数
@register_handler("reduce_receivable")
def reduce_receivable(order_id):
print(f"reduce_receivable receivable for order {order_id}.")
@register_handler("none")
def no_action(order_id):
print(f"No action11111111 for order {order_id}.")
# 处理类
class AfterSalesHandler:
def __init__(self, config_file):
self.config = load_config(config_file)
self.handlers = self._register_handlers()
"""
动态注册:_register_handlers 方法遍历全局命名空间中的所有对象,
查找带有 action 属性的可调用对象,并将它们注册到 handlers 字典中。
反射:使用 globals() 获取全局命名空间中的所有对象,
并通过 hasattr 和 callable 进行检查,这是 Python 中的一种反射机制
"""
def _register_handlers(self):
handlers = {}
for name, func in globals().items():
if callable(func) and hasattr(func, 'action'):
handlers[func.action] = func
print("handlers---------", handlers)
return handlers
"""
actions:从配置文件中获取指定订单来源的所有操作映射。
action:从操作映射中获取指定操作对应的动作。
handler:从注册的处理函数中获取指定动作对应的处理函数。
handler(order_id):调用处理函数,并传递订单 ID 作为参数
"""
def handle_after_sales(self, order_id, order_source, operation):
actions = self.config['order_sources'].get(order_source, {})
action = actions.get(operation, 'none')
handler = self.handlers.get(action, self.nofind_action)
print("handler-----------------", handler)
handler(order_id)
def nofind_action(self, order_id):
print(f"No action for order {order_id}.")
# 示例调用
if __name__ == "__main__":
handler = AfterSalesHandler('../data/OrderAfter.yaml')
handler.handle_after_sales('12345-1', 'source1', 'on_agreement')
handler.handle_after_sales('12345-2', 'source1', 'on_completion')
handler.handle_after_sales('12345-3', 'source1', 'on_rejection')
handler.handle_after_sales('12345-4', 'source2', 'on_agreement')
handler.handle_after_sales('12345-5', 'source2', 'on_completion')
handler.handle_after_sales('12345-6', 'source2', 'on_rejection')
handler.handle_after_sales('12345-7', 'source3', 'on_agreement')
handler.handle_after_sales('12345-8', 'source3', 'on_completion')
handler.handle_after_sales('12345-9', 'source3', 'on_rejection')
二 工厂模式
[DynamicMethod]
strategy=CreateJieSuanDan
SignJunWang_pre_strategy=QianShouChaXuanJunWang
HeYanPassJunWang_pre_strategy=SignJunWang
CreateJieSuanDan_pre_strategy=HeYanPassJunWang
from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
import configparser
from inspect import signature
class Strategy(ABC):
@abstractmethod
def execute(self, appoint_order_source):
pass
class QianShouChaXuanJunWangStrategy(Strategy):
def __init__(self, pre_strategy: Strategy = None):
self.pre_strategy = pre_strategy
def execute(self, appoint_order_source):
if self.pre_strategy:
self.pre_strategy.execute(appoint_order_source)
else:
print('QianShouChaXuanJunWangStrategy没有前置策略')
print('QianShouChaXuanJunWangStrategy被调用')
class SignJunWangStrategy(Strategy):
def __init__(self, pre_strategy: Strategy = None):
self.pre_strategy = pre_strategy
def execute(self, appoint_order_source):
if self.pre_strategy:
self.pre_strategy.execute(appoint_order_source)
else:
print('SignJunWangStrategy灭有前置策略')
print('SignJunWangStrategy被调用')
class HeYanPassJunWangStrategy(Strategy):
def __init__(self, pre_strategy: Strategy = None):
self.pre_strategy = pre_strategy
def execute(self, appoint_order_source):
if self.pre_strategy:
self.pre_strategy.execute(appoint_order_source)
else:
print('HeYanPassJunWangStrategy没有前置策略')
print('HeYanPassJunWangStrategy被调用')
class CreateJieSuanDanStrategy(Strategy):
def __init__(self, pre_strategy: Strategy = None):
self.pre_strategy = pre_strategy
def execute(self, appoint_order_source):
if self.pre_strategy:
self.pre_strategy.execute(appoint_order_source)
else:
print('CreateJieSuanDanStrategy没有前置策略')
print('CreateJieSuanDanStrategy被调用')
"""
最终返回的策略对象链是:
CreateJieSuanDanStrategy(
HeYanPassJunWangStrategy(
SignJunWangStrategy(
QianShouChaXuanJunWangStrategy(None)
)
)
)
"""
class StrategyFactory:
_strategies = {
'QianShouChaXuanJunWang': QianShouChaXuanJunWangStrategy,
'SignJunWang': SignJunWangStrategy,
'HeYanPassJunWang': HeYanPassJunWangStrategy,
'CreateJieSuanDan': CreateJieSuanDanStrategy
}
@staticmethod
def create_strategy(strategy_name: str, config: configparser.ConfigParser) -> Strategy:
if strategy_name not in StrategyFactory._strategies:
raise ValueError(f"Unknown strategy: {strategy_name}")
strategy_class = StrategyFactory._strategies[strategy_name]
pre_strategy_name = config.get('DynamicMethod', f'{strategy_name}_pre_strategy', fallback=None)
if pre_strategy_name:
pre_strategy = StrategyFactory.create_strategy(pre_strategy_name, config)
return strategy_class(pre_strategy)
else:
return strategy_class()
class Context:
def __init__(self, strategy: Strategy):
self._strategy = strategy
def set_strategy(self, strategy: Strategy):
self._strategy = strategy
def execute_strategy(self, appoint_order_source):
self._strategy.execute(appoint_order_source)
def dynamic_method_call(appoint_order_source, config_file='../data/DongtaiConfig.ini'):
# 读取配置文件
config = configparser.ConfigParser()
config.read(config_file)
# 获取当前需要调用的策略名称
strategy_name = config.get('DynamicMethod', 'strategy')
# 创建策略对象
strategy = StrategyFactory.create_strategy(strategy_name, config)
# 创建上下文并设置策略
context = Context(strategy)
# 执行策略
context.execute_strategy(appoint_order_source)
if __name__ == "__main__":
appoint_order_source = "some_value"
# 动态调用方法
dynamic_method_call(appoint_order_source)
from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
from dataclasses import dataclass
from enum import Enum
import logging
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO)
@dataclass
class OrderInfo:
product: str
quantity: int
class OrderSource(Enum):
ONLINE = 'online'
OFFLINE = 'offline'
class OrderCreator(ABC):
"""基类用于创建订单"""
@abstractmethod
def create_order_instance(self, order_info: OrderInfo) -> str:
"""子类必须实现此方法以创建具体的订单实例"""
pass
class OnlineOrderCreator(OrderCreator):
"""用于创建线上订单的类"""
def create_order_instance(self, order_info: OrderInfo) -> str:
"""实现线上订单的创建逻辑"""
logger.info(f"Creating online order: {order_info}")
return "OnlineOrder123"
class OfflineOrderCreator(OrderCreator):
"""用于创建线下订单的类"""
def create_order_instance(self, order_info: OrderInfo) -> str:
"""实现线下订单的创建逻辑"""
logger.info(f"Creating offline order: {order_info}")
return "OfflineOrder456"
class OrderFactory:
"""工厂类用于创建不同的订单创建者"""
@staticmethod
def get_creator(source: OrderSource) -> OrderCreator:
"""根据来源获取相应的订单创建者实例"""
if source == OrderSource.ONLINE:
return OnlineOrderCreator()
elif source == OrderSource.OFFLINE:
return OfflineOrderCreator()
else:
raise ValueError(f"Invalid order source: '{source.value}'")
def create_order_instance(order_info: OrderInfo, source: OrderSource) -> str:
"""根据指定的来源创建订单实例"""
creator = OrderFactory.get_creator(source)
return creator.create_order_instance(order_info)
# 使用示例
order_info = OrderInfo(product="Widget", quantity=10)
source = OrderSource.ONLINE
order_id = create_order_instance(order_info, source)
print(f"Order ID: {order_id}")
三 观察者模式
class OrderSubject:
def __init__(self):
self._observers = []
self._orders = {}
def attach(self, observer):
self._observers.append(observer)
def detach(self, observer):
self._observers.remove(observer)
def notify(self, order_id, status):
for observer in self._observers:
observer.update(order_id, status)
def create_order(self, order_id, initial_status):
self._orders[order_id] = initial_status
self.notify(order_id, initial_status)
def change_order_status(self, order_id, new_status):
if order_id in self._orders:
self._orders[order_id] = new_status
self.notify(order_id, new_status)
else:
print(f"Order {order_id} does not exist.")
class LogisticsObserver:
def update(self, order_id, status):
print(f"Logistics: Order {order_id} status changed to {status}")
if status == "Shipped":
self.ship_order(order_id)
def ship_order(self, order_id):
print(f"Logistics: Shipping order {order_id}")
class FinanceObserver:
def update(self, order_id, status):
print(f"Finance: Order {order_id} status changed to {status}")
if status == "Paid":
self.process_payment(order_id)
def process_payment(self, order_id):
print(f"Finance: Processing payment for order {order_id}")
class CustomerNotificationObserver:
def update(self, order_id, status):
print(f"Customer: Order {order_id} status changed to {status}")
if status == "Delivered":
self.notify_customer(order_id)
def notify_customer(self, order_id):
print(f"Customer: Notifying customer about delivery of order {order_id}")
# 创建订单主体
order_subject = OrderSubject()
# 创建观察者
logistics_observer = LogisticsObserver()
finance_observer = FinanceObserver()
customer_notification_observer = CustomerNotificationObserver()
# 注册观察者
order_subject.attach(logistics_observer)
order_subject.attach(finance_observer)
order_subject.attach(customer_notification_observer)
# 创建订单
order_subject.create_order("12345", "Created")
# 改变订单状态
order_subject.change_order_status("12345", "Paid")
order_subject.change_order_status("12345", "Shipped")
order_subject.change_order_status("12345", "Delivered")