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实现设备文件和设备的绑定,编写LED驱动
head.h
#ifndef __HEAD_H__
#define __HEAD_H__
typedef struct
{
unsigned int MODER;
unsigned int OTYPER;
unsigned int OSPEEDR;
unsigned int PUPDR;
unsigned int IDR;
unsigned int ORD;
}gpio_t;
#define GPIOE 0x50006000
#define GPIOF 0x50007000
#define RCC 0x50000A28
#define LED_ON _IO('l', 1)
#define LED_OFF _IO('l', 0)
#endif
mycdev.c
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/uaccess.h>
#include <linux/io.h>
#include <linux/device.h>
#include <linux/cdev.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include "head.h"
unsigned int major; // 定义一个变量保存主设备号
char kbuf[128] = {0};
struct cdev *cdev;
unsigned int major = 0;
unsigned int minor = 0;
dev_t devno;
struct class *cls;
struct device *dev;
unsigned int *rcc;
gpio_t *led1;
gpio_t *led2;
gpio_t *led3;
// 封装操作方法
int mycdev_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
// printk("%s:%s:%d\n", __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__);
minor = MINOR(inode->i_rdev); // 获取 操作的文件的次设备号
file->private_data = (void *)minor; // 将次设备当作file对象的私有数据存放
return 0;
}
ssize_t mycdev_read(struct file *file, char *ubuf, size_t size, loff_t *lof)
{
printk("%s:%s:%d\n", __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__);
int ret;
if (size > sizeof(kbuf))
size = sizeof(kbuf);
ret = copy_to_user(ubuf, kbuf, size);
if (ret)
{
printk("copy_to_user failed\n");
return ret;
}
return 0;
}
ssize_t mycdev_write(struct file *file, const char *ubuf, size_t size, loff_t *lof)
{
int ret;
if (size > sizeof(kbuf))
size = sizeof(kbuf);
ret = copy_from_user(kbuf, ubuf, size);
if (ret)
{
printk("copy_from_user failed\n");
return ret;
}
switch (kbuf[0]) // 选灯
{
case '1':
if (kbuf[1] == '1') // 开灯
led1->ORD |= (0x1 << 10);
else if (kbuf[1] == '0') // 关灯
led1->ORD &= (~(0x1 << 10));
break;
case '2':
if (kbuf[1] == '1')
led2->ORD |= (0x1 << 10);
else if (kbuf[1] == '0')
led2->ORD &= (~(0x1 << 10));
break;
case '3':
if (kbuf[1] == '1')
led3->ORD |= (0x1 << 8);
else if (kbuf[1] == '0')
led3->ORD &= (~(0x1 << 8));
break;
}
return 0;
}
int mycdev_close(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
// printk("%s:%s:%d\n", __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__);
return 0;
}
long mycdev_ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
{
unsigned int which = (unsigned int)file->private_data; // 获取到open中得到的文件的次设备号;
switch (which) // 根据次设备号的不同控制不同的LED灯
{
case 0: // LED1控制
switch (cmd)
{
case LED_ON: // LED1开灯
led1->ORD |= (0x1 << 10);
break;
case LED_OFF: // LED1关灯
led1->ORD &= (~(0x1 << 10));
break;
}
break;
case 1: // LED2控制
switch (cmd)
{
case LED_ON: // LED2开灯
led2->ORD |= (0x1 << 10);
break;
case LED_OFF: // LED2关灯
led2->ORD &= (~(0x1 << 10));
break;
}
break;
case 2: // LED3
switch (cmd)
{
case LED_ON: // LED3开灯
led3->ORD |= (0x1 << 8);
break;
case LED_OFF: // LED3关灯
led3->ORD &= (~(0x1 << 8));
break;
}
break;
}
return 0;
}
// 定义一个操作方法结构体变量并且初始化
struct file_operations fops = {
.open = mycdev_open,
.release = mycdev_close,
.read = mycdev_read,
.write = mycdev_write,
.unlocked_ioctl = mycdev_ioctl,
};
// LED初始化
int all_led_init(void)
{
// 完成硬件寄存器物理内存的映射
led1 = ioremap(GPIOE, sizeof(gpio_t));
if (led1 == NULL)
{
printk("led1物理内存映射失败\n");
return -EFAULT;
}
led2 = ioremap(GPIOF, sizeof(gpio_t));
if (led2 == NULL)
{
printk("led2物理内存映射失败\n");
return -EFAULT;
}
led3 = led1;
rcc = ioremap(RCC, 4);
if (rcc == NULL)
{
printk("rcc物理内存映射失败\n");
return -EFAULT;
}
printk("物理内存映射成功\n");
// rcc使能
(*rcc) |= (0x3 << 4);
// 硬件寄存器初始化
led1->MODER &= (~(0x3 << 20));
led1->MODER |= (0x1 << 20);
led2->MODER &= (~(0x3 << 20));
led2->MODER |= (0x1 << 20);
led3->MODER &= (~(0x3 << 16));
led3->MODER |= (0x1 << 16);
// 默认关灯
led1->ORD &= (~(0x1 << 10));
led2->ORD &= (~(0x1 << 10));
led3->ORD &= (~(0x1 << 8));
return 0;
}
static int __init mycdev_init(void)
{
// 1.分配字符设备驱动对象
int ret;
cdev = cdev_alloc();
if (cdev == NULL)
{
printk("申请字符设备驱动对象失败\n");
ret = -EFAULT;
goto OUT1;
}
printk("申请字符设备驱动对象成功\n");
// 2.初始化字符设备驱动对象
cdev_init(cdev, &fops);
// 3.申请设备号
if (major > 0) // 静态指定
{
ret = register_chrdev_region(MKDEV(major, minor), 3, "mycdev");
if (ret)
{
printk("静态指定设备号失败\n");
goto OUT2;
}
}
else
{
ret = alloc_chrdev_region(&devno, minor, 3, "mycdev");
if (ret)
{
printk("动态指定设备号失败\n");
goto OUT2;
}
minor = MINOR(devno); // 根据设备号获取次设备号
major = MAJOR(devno); // 根据设备号获取主设备号
}
printk("申请设备号成功\n");
// 4.注册字符设备驱动对象
ret = cdev_add(cdev, MKDEV(major, minor), 3);
if (ret)
{
printk("注册字符设备驱动对象失败\n");
goto OUT3;
}
printk("注册字符设备驱动对象成功\n");
// 5.向上提交设备目录
cls = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "mycdev");
if (IS_ERR(cls))
{
printk("向上提交目录失败\n");
ret = -PTR_ERR(cls);
goto OUT4;
}
printk("向上提交目录成功\n");
// 6.向上提交设备节点信息
int i;
for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
{
dev = device_create(cls, NULL, MKDEV(major, i), NULL, "mycdev%d", i);
if (IS_ERR(dev))
{
printk("向上提交设备节点信息失败\n");
ret = -PTR_ERR(dev);
goto OUT5;
}
}
printk("向上提交设备节点信息成功\n");
all_led_init();
return 0;
OUT5:
for (--i; i >= 0; i--)
{
device_destroy(cls, MKDEV(major, i)); // 释放提交成功的设备信息
}
class_destroy(cls); // 销毁目录
OUT4:
cdev_del(cdev);
OUT3:
unregister_chrdev_region(MKDEV(major, minor), 3);
OUT2:
kfree(cdev);
OUT1:
return ret;
}
static void __exit mycdev_exit(void)
{
// 取消物理内存的映射
iounmap(rcc);
iounmap(led1);
iounmap(led2);
// 销毁设备节点信息
int i;
for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
{
device_destroy(cls, MKDEV(major, i));
}
// 销毁目录
class_destroy(cls);
// 注销字符设备驱动对象
cdev_del(cdev);
// 释放设备号
unregister_chrdev_region(MKDEV(major, minor), 3);
// 释放对象空间
kfree(cdev);
}
module_init(mycdev_init);
module_exit(mycdev_exit);
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
test.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include "head.h"
int main(int argc, char const *agrv[])
{
int a, b, fd;
while (1)
{
LAB1:
printf("请输入要控制的灯: 1(LED1) 2(LED2) 3(LED3) 4(退出) >");
scanf("%d", &a);
switch (a)
{
case 1:
fd = open("/dev/mycdev0", O_RDWR);
break;
case 2:
fd = open("/dev/mycdev1", O_RDWR);
break;
case 3:
fd = open("/dev/mycdev2", O_RDWR);
break;
case 4:
return 0;
default:
printf("输入错误,请重新输入!\n");
goto LAB1;
}
if (fd < 0)
{
printf("打开设备文件失败\n");
exit(-1);
}
while (1)
{
LAB2:
printf("请输入要实现的功能: 0(关灯) 1(开灯) 2(重选灯) >");
scanf("%d", &b);
switch (b)
{
case 0:
ioctl(fd, LED_OFF);
break;
case 1:
ioctl(fd, LED_ON);
break;
case 2:
close(fd);
goto LAB1;
default:
printf("输入错误,请重新输入!\n");
goto LAB2;
}
}
}
return 0;
}
实验现象