CSRF
Low
观察后端代码,只要password_new等于password_conf就可以修改密码。由于这两个参数是通过GET传递的,所以直接构造payload。
http://192.168.20.156/DVWA/vulnerabilities/csrf/?password_new=pass&password_conf=pass&Change=Change#
这种URL可能会被发现意图,所以我们可以将它转换为短链接。
Medium
观察后端代码,对数据包的HTTP_REFERER(对应http 包头的 Referer 参数的值,当前请求页面的 URL 的来源页面地址),SERVER_NAME(http 包头的 Host 参数,要访服务器主机名)。stripos 函数用于查找一个字符串在另一个字符串中首次出现的位置,不区分大小写。它返回匹配的位置索引,如果没有找到则返回 false。
<?php
if( isset( $_GET[ 'Change' ] ) ) {
// Checks to see where the request came from
if( stripos( $_SERVER[ 'HTTP_REFERER' ] ,$_SERVER[ 'SERVER_NAME' ]) !== false ) {
// Get input
$pass_new = $_GET[ 'password_new' ];
$pass_conf = $_GET[ 'password_conf' ];
// Do the passwords match?
if( $pass_new == $pass_conf ) {
// They do!
$pass_new = ((isset($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) && is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_real_escape_string($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $pass_new ) : ((trigger_error("[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.", E_USER_ERROR)) ? "" : ""));
$pass_new = md5( $pass_new );
// Update the database
$current_user = dvwaCurrentUser();
$insert = "UPDATE `users` SET password = '$pass_new' WHERE user = '" . $current_user . "';";
$result = mysqli_query($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $insert ) or die( '<pre>' . ((is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_error($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) : (($___mysqli_res = mysqli_connect_error()) ? $___mysqli_res : false)) . '</pre>' );
// Feedback for the user
$html .= "<pre>Password Changed.</pre>";
}
else {
// Issue with passwords matching
$html .= "<pre>Passwords did not match.</pre>";
}
}
else {
// Didn't come from a trusted source
$html .= "<pre>That request didn't look correct.</pre>";
}
((is_null($___mysqli_res = mysqli_close($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]))) ? false : $___mysqli_res);
}
?>
我们发现用Low level的方法的话,burp抓的数据包中没有Referer。根据刚才分析我们只要让Referer中包含host,也就是192.168.20.156即可。
High
观察后端代码,加入了CSRF token防止csrf攻击。
1.这里讲解一下burp的一个插件CSRF Token Tracker,自动获取 csrf 的 token,对于一些有 csrf 限制的请求,它可以绕过该限制。
<?php
$change = false;
$request_type = "html";
$return_message = "Request Failed";
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == "POST" && array_key_exists ("CONTENT_TYPE", $_SERVER) && $_SERVER['CONTENT_TYPE'] == "application/json") {
$data = json_decode(file_get_contents('php://input'), true);
$request_type = "json";
if (array_key_exists("HTTP_USER_TOKEN", $_SERVER) &&
array_key_exists("password_new", $data) &&
array_key_exists("password_conf", $data) &&
array_key_exists("Change", $data)) {
$token = $_SERVER['HTTP_USER_TOKEN'];
$pass_new = $data["password_new"];
$pass_conf = $data["password_conf"];
$change = true;
}
} else {
if (array_key_exists("user_token", $_REQUEST) &&
array_key_exists("password_new", $_REQUEST) &&
array_key_exists("password_conf", $_REQUEST) &&
array_key_exists("Change", $_REQUEST)) {
$token = $_REQUEST["user_token"];
$pass_new = $_REQUEST["password_new"];
$pass_conf = $_REQUEST["password_conf"];
$change = true;
}
}
if ($change) {
// Check Anti-CSRF token
checkToken( $token, $_SESSION[ 'session_token' ], 'index.php' );
// Do the passwords match?
if( $pass_new == $pass_conf ) {
// They do!
$pass_new = mysqli_real_escape_string ($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $pass_new);
$pass_new = md5( $pass_new );
// Update the database
$current_user = dvwaCurrentUser();
$insert = "UPDATE `users` SET password = '" . $pass_new . "' WHERE user = '" . $current_user . "';";
$result = mysqli_query($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $insert );
// Feedback for the user
$return_message = "Password Changed.";
}
else {
// Issue with passwords matching
$return_message = "Passwords did not match.";
}
mysqli_close($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]);
if ($request_type == "json") {
generateSessionToken();
header ("Content-Type: application/json");
print json_encode (array("Message" =>$return_message));
exit;
} else {
$html .= "<pre>" . $return_message . "</pre>";
}
}
// Generate Anti-CSRF token
generateSessionToken();
?>
在Extensions的BApp Store中,搜素并下载CSRF Token Tracker。之后根据自己参数配置并勾选。
进行抓包
可以发现CSRF Token Tracker模块已经获取到了token。
之后任意重放都可以拿到token进行修改密码的操作。
2.可以通过XSS(Reflected) High漏洞先拿到token
开启两个页面(为什么这样做后面讲)一个XSS一个CSRF的,在XSS页面拿token
<iframe src="../csrf/" onload=alert(frames[0].document.getElementsByName('user_token')[0].value)>
拿到的是CSRF页面的token,直接在CSRF的payload中把token加上。
关于为什么要先打开两个界面,可以查看后端CSRF toekn机制源码
可以发现如果先在XSS页面拿到token,之后再打开CSRF的时候触发generateSessionToken();这个函数的意思是如果存在token则烧毁重新生成新的token,如果存在token则直接验证。
如果现在重新打开CSRF页面,则先把我们拿到的XSStoken进行销毁再重新生成。
如果不重新加载CSRF界面,则直接拿XSStoken进行验证,我们就可以绕过token验证了。
Impossible
观察后端代码,发现修改密码的话需要原密码。
<?php
if( isset( $_GET[ 'Change' ] ) ) {
// Check Anti-CSRF token
checkToken( $_REQUEST[ 'user_token' ], $_SESSION[ 'session_token' ], 'index.php' );
// Get input
$pass_curr = $_GET[ 'password_current' ];
$pass_new = $_GET[ 'password_new' ];
$pass_conf = $_GET[ 'password_conf' ];
// Sanitise current password input
$pass_curr = stripslashes( $pass_curr );
$pass_curr = ((isset($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) && is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_real_escape_string($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $pass_curr ) : ((trigger_error("[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.", E_USER_ERROR)) ? "" : ""));
$pass_curr = md5( $pass_curr );
// Check that the current password is correct
$data = $db->prepare( 'SELECT password FROM users WHERE user = (:user) AND password = (:password) LIMIT 1;' );
$current_user = dvwaCurrentUser();
$data->bindParam( ':user', $current_user, PDO::PARAM_STR );
$data->bindParam( ':password', $pass_curr, PDO::PARAM_STR );
$data->execute();
// Do both new passwords match and does the current password match the user?
if( ( $pass_new == $pass_conf ) && ( $data->rowCount() == 1 ) ) {
// It does!
$pass_new = stripslashes( $pass_new );
$pass_new = ((isset($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) && is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_real_escape_string($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $pass_new ) : ((trigger_error("[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.", E_USER_ERROR)) ? "" : ""));
$pass_new = md5( $pass_new );
// Update database with new password
$data = $db->prepare( 'UPDATE users SET password = (:password) WHERE user = (:user);' );
$data->bindParam( ':password', $pass_new, PDO::PARAM_STR );
$current_user = dvwaCurrentUser();
$data->bindParam( ':user', $current_user, PDO::PARAM_STR );
$data->execute();
// Feedback for the user
$html .= "<pre>Password Changed.</pre>";
}
else {
// Issue with passwords matching
$html .= "<pre>Passwords did not match or current password incorrect.</pre>";
}
}
// Generate Anti-CSRF token
generateSessionToken();
?>
防御
1.CSP(白名单)
2.csrf token
3.在关键步骤加入验证问题,手机验证码等