Docker镜像管理
搜索官方仓库镜像 docker search
[root@localhost ~]# docker search nginx
NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL
nginx Official build of Nginx. 19670 [OK]
unit Official build of NGINX Unit: Universal Web … 25 [OK]
nginx/nginx-ingress NGINX and NGINX Plus Ingress Controllers fo… 88
nginxinc/nginx-unprivileged Unprivileged NGINX Dockerfiles 141
nginx/nginx-prometheus-exporter NGINX Prometheus Exporter for NGINX and NGIN… 38
nginxinc/nginx-s3-gateway Authenticating and caching gateway based on … 6
nginx/unit This repository is retired, use the Docker o… 64
nginx/nginx-ingress-operator NGINX Ingress Operator for NGINX and NGINX P… 2
nginxinc/amplify-agent NGINX Amplify Agent docker repository 1
nginx/nginx-quic-qns NGINX QUIC interop 1
nginxinc/ingress-demo Ingress Demo 4
nginxproxy/nginx-proxy Automated nginx proxy for Docker containers … 132
nginxproxy/acme-companion Automated ACME SSL certificate generation fo… 130
bitnami/nginx Bitnami nginx Docker Image 183
bitnami/nginx-ingress-controller Bitnami Docker Image for NGINX Ingress Contr… 32
ubuntu/nginx Nginx, a high-performance reverse proxy & we… 112
nginxproxy/docker-gen Generate files from docker container meta-da… 16
nginxinc/nginmesh_proxy_debug 0
nginxinc/mra-fakes3 0
kasmweb/nginx An Nginx image based off nginx:alpine and in… 7
nginxinc/nginmesh_proxy_init 0
rancher/nginx-ingress-controller 12
nginxinc/mra_python_base 0
nginxinc/ngx-rust-tool 0
获取镜像 docker pull
[root@localhost ~]# docker pull nginx
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/nginx
e1caac4eb9d2: Pull complete
88f6f236f401: Pull complete
c3ea3344e711: Pull complete
cc1bb4345a3a: Pull complete
da8fa4352481: Pull complete
c7f80e9cdab2: Pull complete
18a869624cb6: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:c26ae7472d624ba1fafd296e73cecc4f93f853088e6a9c13c0d52f6ca5865107
Status: Downloaded newer image for nginx:latest
docker.io/library/nginx:latest
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
nginx latest e4720093a3c1 2 weeks ago 187MB
busybox latest 3f57d9401f8d 6 weeks ago 4.26MB
ubuntu 18.04 f9a80a55f492 9 months ago 63.2MB
导出镜像
[root@localhost ~]# docker export -o upbeat_elbakyan.tar upbeat_elbakyan
[root@localhost ~]# ll
total 64000
-rw-------. 1 root root 706 Mar 4 06:39 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rw-------. 1 root root 65531904 Mar 6 16:34 upbeat_elbakyan.tar
导入镜像
[root@localhost ~]# scp upbeat_elbakyan.tar 192.168.142.139:~
The authenticity of host '192.168.142.139 (192.168.142.139)' can't be established.
ED25519 key fingerprint is SHA256:/w/yin6romP9ngxASS3yY3F5ubuzTP0RUwZdhAAkm/8.
This key is not known by any other names
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.142.139' (ED25519) to the list of known hosts.
root@192.168.142.139's password:
upbeat_elbakyan.tar 100% 62MB 125.4MB/s 00:00
[root@service ~]# docker import upbeat_elbakyan.tar wyx/ububtu:v1.0
sha256:6c33b82dae2f6112672aa55282e04935333b6565fcb031d1e534563c8d21b220
[root@service ~]# ll
总用量 64000
-rw-------. 1 root root 1293 9月 7 16:34 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rw-------. 1 root root 65531904 3月 6 16:43 upbeat_elbakyan.tar
删除镜像
$ docker image ls
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
tomcat 8-jdk8-corretto 6aa794aeaf2e Less than a second ago 379MB
nginx 1.21 fa5269854a5e 12 days ago 142MB
$ docker image rmi tomcat:8-jdk8-corretto
查看镜像详细信息
[root@localhost ~]# docker image inspect nginx:latest
[
{
"Id": "sha256:e4720093a3c1381245b53a5a51b417963b3c4472d3f47fc301930a4f3b17666a",
"RepoTags": [
"nginx:latest"
],
"RepoDigests": [
"nginx@sha256:c26ae7472d624ba1fafd296e73cecc4f93f853088e6a9c13c0d52f6ca5865107"
],
"Parent": "",
"Comment": "buildkit.dockerfile.v0",
"Created": "2024-02-14T18:24:57Z",
"Container": "",
"ContainerConfig": {
"Hostname": "",
"Domainname": "",
"User": "",
"AttachStdin": false,
"AttachStdout": false,
"AttachStderr": false,
"Tty": false,
"OpenStdin": false,
"StdinOnce": false,
"Env": null,
"Cmd": null,
"Image": "",
"Volumes": null,
"WorkingDir": "",
"Entrypoint": null,
"OnBuild": null,
"Labels": null
},
"DockerVersion": "",
"Author": "",
"Config": {
"Hostname": "",
"Domainname": "",
"User": "",
"AttachStdin": false,
"AttachStdout": false,
"AttachStderr": false,
"ExposedPorts": {
"80/tcp": {}
},
"Tty": false,
"OpenStdin": false,
"StdinOnce": false,
"Env": [
"PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin",
"NGINX_VERSION=1.25.4",
"NJS_VERSION=0.8.3",
"PKG_RELEASE=1~bookworm"
],
"Cmd": [
"nginx",
"-g",
"daemon off;"
],
"ArgsEscaped": true,
"Image": "",
"Volumes": null,
"WorkingDir": "",
"Entrypoint": [
"/docker-entrypoint.sh"
],
"OnBuild": null,
"Labels": {
"maintainer": "NGINX Docker Maintainers <docker-maint@nginx.com>"
},
"StopSignal": "SIGQUIT"
},
"Architecture": "amd64",
"Os": "linux",
"Size": 186721003,
"VirtualSize": 186721003,
"GraphDriver": {
"Data": {
"LowerDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/b72b7d6b6e7c27959d83b9742515f24056bd33d3bbed689e531e4a928be38bc0/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/d76e67b7ab328a999b4b27a1e87b6dbdd713cdedab1a29055420e831748994e7/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/d655afb7c623c56785935b5b991b091a29124cbba48db1a90f2bd4ec00a9b0a2/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/215485c9c16739b8dbdf42ae9a5bd5958278c125132105c7a6eb1b677bebc9b4/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/e384eefe60a08be8edea94ed075e57e5c6a9848a3f41d1358fc30fd419de40b8/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/3f926e4677932f685fb03c2f4d28ce29f9807bf0be8757636760673726ebe7f8/diff",
"MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/85d73a86bba17fff3f5a635d9d47f8457d2cb30e5e857c8ac91753c3e398fdba/merged",
"UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/85d73a86bba17fff3f5a635d9d47f8457d2cb30e5e857c8ac91753c3e398fdba/diff",
"WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/85d73a86bba17fff3f5a635d9d47f8457d2cb30e5e857c8ac91753c3e398fdba/work"
},
"Name": "overlay2"
},
"RootFS": {
"Type": "layers",
"Layers": [
"sha256:ceb365432eec83dafc777cac5ee87737b093095035c89dd2eae01970c57b1d15",
"sha256:84619992a45bb790ab8f77ff523e52fc76dadfe17e205db6a111d0f657d31d71",
"sha256:3137f8f0c6412c12b46fd397866589505b4474e53580b4e62133da67bf1b2903",
"sha256:7d52a4114c3602761999a4ea2f84a093c8fcc8662876acc4c3b92878b9948547",
"sha256:188d128a188cafb013db48e94d9366f0be64083619f50b452cfd093e7affa260",
"sha256:bcc6856722b7b251ad00728c9cd93b679c7836d5e6780b52316b56c20fd5be94",
"sha256:61a7fb4dabcd05eba747fed22ff5264f82066d2bf8e16f78198f616e700f5aa7"
]
},
"Metadata": {
"LastTagTime": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z"
}
}
]
容器的日常管理
容器的起/停
[root@localhost ~]# docker container ls
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
70ef92bd8b03 ubuntu:18.04 "/bin/bash" About an hour ago Up About an hour test
[root@localhost ~]# docker container run -itd --name webserver -p 8080:80 nginx:latest
c1df05eda8cbe3ddfad22a48c5028f764740d10728982ed986f33146cbd36ab9
[root@localhost ~]# docker container ls
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
c1df05eda8cb nginx:latest "/docker-entrypoint.…" 5 seconds ago Up 4 seconds 0.0.0.0:8080->80/tcp webserver
70ef92bd8b03 ubuntu:18.04 "/bin/bash" About an hour ago Up About an hour test
[root@localhost ~]# curl -I http://localhost:8080
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx/1.25.4
Date: Wed, 06 Mar 2024 09:22:34 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 615
Last-Modified: Wed, 14 Feb 2024 16:03:00 GMT
Connection: keep-alive
ETag: "65cce434-267"
Accept-Ranges: bytes
[root@localhost ~]# docker container stop webserver
webserver
[root@localhost ~]# docker container ls
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
70ef92bd8b03 ubuntu:18.04 "/bin/bash" About an hour ago Up About an hour test
[root@localhost ~]# docker container rm webserver
webserver
[root@localhost ~]# curl -I http://localhost:8080
curl: (7) Failed to connect to localhost port 8080 after 0 ms: Connection refused
进入容器的方法
[root@localhost ~]# docker container run -itd --name webserver -p 8080:80 nginx:latest
b568030e0f32188f35c90a6cde6ac57d9d1c122d3cf82db8d76452546a631b0a
[root@localhost ~]# docker container exec -it webserver /bin/bash
root@b568030e0f32:/#
容器与宿主机间传输文件
[root@localhost ~]# docker cp upbeat_elbakyan.tar upbeat_elbakyan:/tmp
Successfully copied 65.5MB to upbeat_elbakyan:/tmp
[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it upbeat_elbakyan /bin/bash
root@70ef92bd8b03:/# ls /tmp
upbeat_elbakyan.tar
root@70ef92bd8b03:/# exit
exit
