HttpClient的使用与封装
配置
首先,我们要引入maven依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
<version>4.5.13</version>
</dependency>
这里可以单独引入,如果我们引入了阿里云oss的化,可以不用引入,因为阿里云的oss的依赖,也引入了这个依赖
核心代码
整体的流程如下
测试代码
测试get方法
@SpringBootTest
public class HttpClientTest {
@Test
public void testGet() throws Exception {
//创建httpclient对象
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
//创建请求对象
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet("http://localhost:8080/admin/shop/status");
//发送请求,并且接收请求
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
//获取状态吗
System.out.println("服务端返回的状态码为: " + response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
System.out.println("服务端返回的实体为: " + EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity()));
response.close();
httpClient.close();
}
}
其实主要要写的逻辑不是特别难,httpClients类似一个请求工厂对象,我们先创建一个这个对象,然后再创建一个请求对象,设置请求对象的url,发送请求就完事了
测试结果
测试post方法
@SpringBootTest
public class HttpClientTest {
@Test
public void testPost() throws Exception {
//创建httpclient对象
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
//创建请求对象
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("http://localhost:8080/admin/employee/login");
//设置参数,这是json格式的
JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();
jsonObject.put("username","admin");
jsonObject.put("password","123456");
StringEntity stringEntity = new StringEntity(jsonObject.toString());
//设置头部
stringEntity.setContentEncoding("utf-8");
stringEntity.setContentType("application/json");
httpPost.setEntity(stringEntity);
//发送请求,并且接收请求
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
//获取状态吗
System.out.println("服务端返回的状态码为: " + response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
System.out.println("服务端返回的实体为: " + EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity()));
response.close();
httpClient.close();
}
}
我这里的请求,是一个登录的请求,一般来说,这种登录的请求都是username + password,所以我们这里也试着测试一变
这里的post请求因为,要设置头部,所以要特别设置
测试结果
工具类封装
/**
* Http工具类
*/
public class HttpClientUtil {
static final int TIMEOUT_MSEC = 5 * 1000;
/**
* 发送GET方式请求
* @param url
* @param paramMap
* @return
*/
public static String doGet(String url,Map<String,String> paramMap){
// 创建Httpclient对象
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
String result = "";
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
try{
URIBuilder builder = new URIBuilder(url);
//填入参数
if(paramMap != null){
for (String key : paramMap.keySet()) {
builder.addParameter(key,paramMap.get(key));
}
}
URI uri = builder.build();
//创建GET请求
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(uri);
//发送请求
response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
//判断响应状态
if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200){
result = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(),"UTF-8");
}
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
try {
response.close();
httpClient.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return result;
}
/**
* 发送POST方式请求
* @param url
* @param paramMap
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
public static String doPost(String url, Map<String, String> paramMap) throws IOException {
// 创建Httpclient对象
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
String resultString = "";
try {
// 创建Http Post请求
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
// 创建参数列表
if (paramMap != null) {
List<NameValuePair> paramList = new ArrayList();
for (Map.Entry<String, String> param : paramMap.entrySet()) {
paramList.add(new BasicNameValuePair(param.getKey(), param.getValue()));
}
// 模拟表单
UrlEncodedFormEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(paramList);
httpPost.setEntity(entity);
}
httpPost.setConfig(builderRequestConfig());
// 执行http请求
response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "UTF-8");
} catch (Exception e) {
throw e;
} finally {
try {
response.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return resultString;
}
/**
* 发送POST方式请求
* @param url
* @param paramMap
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
public static String doPost4Json(String url, Map<String, String> paramMap) throws IOException {
// 创建Httpclient对象
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
String resultString = "";
try {
// 创建Http Post请求
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
if (paramMap != null) {
//构造json格式数据
JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();
for (Map.Entry<String, String> param : paramMap.entrySet()) {
jsonObject.put(param.getKey(),param.getValue());
}
StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(jsonObject.toString(),"utf-8");
//设置请求编码
entity.setContentEncoding("utf-8");
//设置数据类型
entity.setContentType("application/json");
httpPost.setEntity(entity);
}
httpPost.setConfig(builderRequestConfig());
// 执行http请求
response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "UTF-8");
} catch (Exception e) {
throw e;
} finally {
try {
response.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return resultString;
}
private static RequestConfig builderRequestConfig() {
return RequestConfig.custom()
.setConnectTimeout(TIMEOUT_MSEC)
.setConnectionRequestTimeout(TIMEOUT_MSEC)
.setSocketTimeout(TIMEOUT_MSEC).build();
}
}
