Java程序设计2023-第四次上机练习

8-1 三子棋

编写程序，实现简单的三子棋游戏。在三子棋中，双方在3×3的棋盘中轮流下棋，一方用*示，另一方用O表示。如果一方的3个棋子占据了同一行，同一列或者对角线，则该方获胜。如果棋盘已被棋子占满，但没有一方获胜则出现平局。在程序中，一方为用户，用户在界面上输入每次下棋的位置；另一方下棋的位置为随机自动生成。示例界面如图所示。

提示：(1) 采用Scanner类或者JOptionPane类中提供的方法输入，输出采用System.out中的方法或JOptionPane类提供的方法。
(2) 字符串处理可以使用String或StringBuffer类。

这里因为最大只有九步，所以可以用一个三维数组来储存所有的步数，方便撤销

import java.util.*;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

class Game extends JFrame{
    private JButton sendBtn;
    private JButton backBtn;
    private JTextField inputField;
    char[][][] map = new char[10][][];
    int step = 0;

    public Game(){
        Random rd = new Random();
        sendBtn = new JButton("确定");
        sendBtn.setBorderPainted(true);
        backBtn = new JButton("撤销");
        backBtn.setBorderPainted(true);
        inputField = new JTextField(10);
        map[0] = new char[][] { {'0', '1', '2'}, {'3', '4', '5'}, {'6', '7', '8'} };
        JPanel boardPanel = new JPanel();

        JPanel inputPanel = new JPanel();
        inputPanel.add(inputField);
        inputPanel.add(sendBtn);
        inputPanel.add(backBtn);
        inputPanel.setBackground(new Color(10,10,10));
        String s = "";
        s+="<html> -------------- <br>";
        s+="|  " + map[step][0][0] + "  |  " + map[step][0][1] + "  |  " + map[step][0][2] + "  |" + "<br>";
        s+=" -------------- <br>";
        s+="|  " + map[step][1][0] + "  |  " + map[step][1][1] + "  |  " + map[step][1][2] + "  |" + "<br>";
        s+=" -------------- <br>";
        s+="|  " + map[step][2][0] + "  |  " + map[step][2][1] + "  |  " + map[step][2][2] + "  |" + "<br>";
        s+=" -------------- <br>";

        JLabel label = new JLabel(s);
        boardPanel.add(label);

        sendBtn.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {

            //判断对局情况
            public int judge(){
                //colum
                for(int i=0;i<=2;i++){
                    if(map[step][i][0] == '*' && map[step][i][1] == '*' && map[step][i][2] == '*'){
                        return 1;
                    }
                    if(map[step][i][0] == 'O' && map[step][i][1] == 'O' && map[step][i][2] == 'O'){
                        return -1;
                    }
                    if(map[step][0][i] == '*' && map[step][1][i] == '*' && map[step][2][i] == '*'){
                        return 1;
                    }
                    if(map[step][0][i] == 'O' && map[step][1][i] == 'O' && map[step][2][i] == 'O'){
                        return -1;
                    }
                }
                if(map[step][0][0] == map[step][1][1] && map[step][2][2] == map[step][1][1] && map[step][1][1] == '*'){
                    return 1;
                }
                if(map[step][0][0] == map[step][1][1] && map[step][2][2] == map[step][1][1] && map[step][1][1] == 'O'){
                    return -1;
                }
                if(map[step][0][2] == map[step][1][1] && map[step][2][0] == map[step][1][1] && map[step][1][1] == '*'){
                    return 1;
                }
                if(map[step][0][2] == map[step][1][1] && map[step][2][0] == map[step][1][1] && map[step][1][1] == 'O'){
                    return -1;
                }
                return 0;
            }


            //获取新游戏面板
            public String update(){
                String s = "";
                s+="<html> -------------- <br>" ;
                s+="|  " + map[step][0][0] + "  |  " + map[step][0][1] + "  |  " + map[step][0][2] + "  |" + "<br>";
                s+=" -------------- <br>";
                s+="|  " + map[step][1][0] + "  |  " + map[step][1][1] + "  |  " + map[step][1][2] + "  |" + "<br>";
                s+=" -------------- <br>";
                s+="|  " + map[step][2][0] + "  |  " + map[step][2][1] + "  |  " + map[step][2][2] + "  |" + "<br>";
                s+=" -------------- <br>";
                return s;
            }

            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                //输入坐标
                int position;
                int x;
                int y;
                try{
                    position = Integer.parseInt(inputField.getText());
                    x = position/3;
                    y = position%3;
                }catch(Exception err){
                    JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "请输入数字");
                    return ;
                }
                

                //检查合法
                if(position >= 9 || position < 0){
                    JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "别乱输入数字");
                    inputField.setText("");
                    return ;
                }
                if(map[step][x][y] == '*' || map[step][x][y] == 'O' ){
                    JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "这里已经下过了嗷");
                    inputField.setText("");
                    return ;
                }  

                //更新游戏数据
                step++;
                map[step] = new char[3][];
                for(int i=0;i<=2;i++){
                    map[step][i] = Arrays.copyOf(map[step-1][i],map[step-1][i].length);
                }
                map[step][x][y] = '*';
                int robt = rd.nextInt(9);
                while(map[step][robt/3][robt%3] == '*' || map[step][robt/3][robt%3] == 'O'){
                    robt++;
                    robt%=9;
                    if(step == 5){
                        break;
                    }
                }
                if(step != 5){
                    map[step][robt/3][robt%3] = 'O';
                }

                //更新游戏面板
                inputField.setText("");
                boardPanel.removeAll();
                JLabel label = new JLabel(update()) ;
                boardPanel.add(label);
                boardPanel.updateUI();

                //判断对局情况 
                if(judge() == 1){
                    JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "大聪明,你赢了");
                    return ;
                }
                if(judge() == -1){
                    JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "机器人都打不过?");
                    return ;
                }
                if(step == 5){
                    JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "平局");
                }
            }
        });


        backBtn.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            //获取新游戏面板
            public String update(){
                String s = "";
                s+="<html> -------------- <br>" ;
                s+="|  " + map[step][0][0] + "  |  " + map[step][0][1] + "  |  " + map[step][0][2] + "  |" + "<br>";
                s+=" -------------- <br>";
                s+="|  " + map[step][1][0] + "  |  " + map[step][1][1] + "  |  " + map[step][1][2] + "  |" + "<br>";
                s+=" -------------- <br>";
                s+="|  " + map[step][2][0] + "  |  " + map[step][2][1] + "  |  " + map[step][2][2] + "  |" + "<br>";
                s+=" -------------- <br>";
                return s;
            }

            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                if(step == 0){
                    JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "还点??");
                    return;
                }
                --step;  
                boardPanel.removeAll();
                JLabel label = new JLabel(update());
                boardPanel.add(label);
                boardPanel.updateUI();
            }
        });

        this.add(inputPanel,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        this.add(boardPanel,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        this.setTitle("三子棋");
        this.setSize(280,220);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        this.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
        this.setVisible(true);
    }
}

public class Main{
    public static void main(String[] args){  
        new Game();
    }
}

8-3 绘制随机图形

定义4个类，MyShape、MyLine、MyRectangle和MyOval，其中MyShape是其他三个类的父类。MyShape为抽象类，包括图形位置的四个坐标；一个无参的构造方法，将所有的坐标设置为0；一个带参的构造函数，将所有的坐标设置为相应值；每个坐标的设置和读取方法；abstract void draw(Graphics g)方法。MyLine类负责画直线，实现父类的draw方法；MyRectangle负责画矩形，实现父类的draw方法；MyOval负责画椭圆，实现父类的draw方法。编写一个应用程序，使用上面定义的类，随机选取位置和形状，绘制20个图形。示例输出如图所示。

提示：可以使用ArrayList来保存要绘制的多个图形。

import javax.swing.*;
import java.util.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

abstract class MyShape{
	int x = 0;
	int y = 0;
	int z = 0;
	int k = 0;

	public MyShape(){
		;
	}

	public abstract void draw(Graphics g);
}

class MyLine extends MyShape{
	Random rd = new Random();

	@Override
	public void draw(Graphics g){
		g.drawLine(x,y,z,k);
	}

	public MyLine(){
		int _x = rd.nextInt(200);
		int _y = rd.nextInt(200);
		int _z = rd.nextInt(200);
		int _k = rd.nextInt(200);

		x = _x;
		y = _y;
		z = _z;
		k = _k;

	}
}

class MyRectangle extends MyShape{
	Random rd = new Random();

	@Override
	public void draw(Graphics g){
		g.drawRect(x,y,z,k);
	}

	public MyRectangle(){
		int _x = rd.nextInt(200);
		int _y = rd.nextInt(200);
		int _z = rd.nextInt(200);
		int _k = rd.nextInt(200);

		x = _x;
		y = _y;
		z = _z;
		k = _k;
	}
}

class MyOval extends MyShape{
	Random rd = new Random();
	
	@Override
	public void draw(Graphics g){
		g.drawOval(x,y,z,k);
	}

	public MyOval(){
		int _x = rd.nextInt(200);
		int _y = rd.nextInt(200);
		int _z = rd.nextInt(200);
		int _k = rd.nextInt(200);

		x = _x;
		y = _y;
		z = _z;
		k = _k;
	}
}

class DrawComponent extends JComponent
{
	@Override
	public void paintComponent(Graphics g)
	{
		for(int i=0;i<20;i++) {
			if(i<6) {
				MyOval mo = new MyOval();
				mo.draw(g);
			}
			else if(i<12) {
				MyRectangle mr = new MyRectangle();
				mr.draw(g);
			}
			else {
				MyLine ml = new MyLine();
				ml.draw(g);
			}
		}
	}
}


class Game extends JFrame{
	Random rd = new Random();

	public Game(){
		this.add(new DrawComponent());
		this.setSize(600,600);
		this.setTitle("Graphics");
		this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        this.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
        this.setVisible(true);
	}
}

public class Main1{
	public static void main(String [] args){
		new Game();
	}
}

8-4 猜数游戏

编写一个猜数程序，该程序随机在1到1000的范围中选择一个供用户猜测的整数。界面上提供一个文本框来接收用户输入的猜测的数，如果用户猜得太大，则背景变为红色，如果猜得太小，背景变为蓝色。用户猜对后，文本框变为不可编辑，同时提示用户猜对了。界面上提供一个按钮，使用户可以重新开始这个游戏。在界面上还需显示用户猜测的次数。示例输出如图所示。

实验步骤：

(1) 定义继承自JFrame的类，在该类中添加界面各部分；

(2) 定义事件监听器类完成事件处理；

(3) 定义一个包含main方法的测试类，在该类中创建框架类对象，并显示。

实验提示：

(1) 使用面板进行页面布局；

(2) 可以使用内部类定义事件监听器类；

(3) 按钮点击通过处理ActionEvent事件来完成响应。

import java.util.*;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

class Game extends JFrame{
	private JButton sendBtn;
    private JButton restartBtn;
    private JButton quitBtn;
    private JTextField inputField;
    int num;


    public Game(){
    	Random rd = new Random();
    	this.num = rd.nextInt(1000);

    	//options
    	JPanel optionPanel = new JPanel();
    	sendBtn = new JButton("send");
    	restartBtn = new JButton("restart");
    	quitBtn = new JButton("quit");
    	optionPanel.add(sendBtn);
    	optionPanel.add(restartBtn);
    	optionPanel.add(quitBtn);

    	//enter
    	JPanel inputPanel = new JPanel();
    	inputField = new JTextField(10);
    	JLabel label = new JLabel("please enter a num :");
    	inputPanel.add(label);
    	inputPanel.add(inputField);

    	//sendBtn
    	sendBtn.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
    		@Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
            	//enter num
            	int get;
                try{
                    get = Integer.parseInt(inputField.getText());
                }catch(Exception err){
                    JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "please enter Number");
                    return ;
                }

                if(get > num){
                	JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "bigger");
                    return ;
                }
                if(get < num){
                	JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "smaller");
                    return ;
                }
                if(get == num){
                	JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "correct");
                    return ;
                }
            }
    	});

    	restartBtn.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
    		public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
    			num = rd.nextInt(1000);
    			JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "done!");
    		}
    	});

    	quitBtn.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){
    		public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
    			System.exit(0);
    		}
    	});

    	//system
    	this.add(optionPanel,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        this.add(inputPanel,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        this.setTitle("guess");
        this.setSize(280,220);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        this.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
        this.setVisible(true);
    }
}

public class Main2{
	public static void main(String [] args){
		new Game();
	}
}