[Do374]Ansible一键搭建sftp实现用户批量增删
- 1. 前言
- 2. 思路
- 3. sftp搭建及用户批量新增
- 3.1 配置文件内容
- 3.2 执行测试
- 3.3 登录测试
- 3.4 确认sftp服务器配置文件
- 4. 测试删除用户
1. 前言
最近准备搞一下RHCA LV V,外加2.9之后的ansible有较大变化于是练习下Do374的课程内容.
工作中有几台sftp的服务器,由于sftp的目录权限比较特殊,有时候手工配置会出现一些报错需要排查.
于是手写了个ansibleplay来完成一键搭建及后续的用户添加工作.
2. 思路
整个sftp配置主要分为以下步骤:
- 安装配置ssh服务,并开通防火墙(这部分工作在实现ansible之前其实已经完成了)
- 根据用户清创建用户
- 确认sftp的主目录权限正常
- 根据清单创建用户的sftp主目录和上传目录
- 根据清单配置sshd主配置文件:/etc/ssh/sshd_config
- 重置sshd服务
3. sftp搭建及用户批量新增
3.1 配置文件内容
服务器清单文件:
| 变量 | 含义 |
|---|---|
| name | 用户名 |
| password | 密码 |
| home_directory | sftp主目录 |
users:
- name: ut_k8s_put
password: "ut_k8s_put_123"
home_directory: "/ftp/pabc/ut_k8s_put"
- name: it_k8s_get
password: "it_k8s_get_123"
home_directory: "/ftp/pabc/it_k8s_get"
- name: ftp_k8s
password: "ftp_k8s_123"
home_directory: "/ftp/public/ftp_k8s"
ansible playbook文件:
主要实现以下功能:
- 根据用户清单创建用户
- 创建/ftp目录
- 根据用户清单创建用户sftp主目录
- 根据用户清单创建用户sftp upload目录
- 配置sshd主配置文件sshd_config文件
- 重置sshd服务,这个地方尽量使用reload,工作中发现如果用restart的话在某些会话没有被释放的情况下会造成sshd服务重启卡主.
---
- name: Use block module to config sftp service
hosts: serverc
gather_facts: false
vars_files:
- user_list.yaml
tasks:
- name: user_add
ansible.builtin.user:
name: "{{ item.name }}"
comment: "{{ item.name }} to sftp"
shell: /sbin/nologin
password: "{{ item.password | password_hash('sha512') }}"
create_home: yes
with_items: "{{ users }}"
- name: create sftp root directory
ansible.builtin.file:
path: /ftp
state: directory
owner: root
group: root
mode: '0755'
- name: create sftp directory
ansible.builtin.file:
path: "{{ item.home_directory }}"
state: directory
owner: root
group: "{{ item.name }}"
mode: '1750'
with_items: "{{ users }}"
- name: Create upload directory
ansible.builtin.file:
path: "{{ item.home_directory }}/upload"
state: directory
owner: "{{ item.name }}"
group: "{{ item.name }}"
mode: '1750'
with_items: "{{ users }}"
- name: replace sftp config
ansible.builtin.lineinfile:
path: /etc/ssh/sshd_config
regexp: '^Subsystem sftp'
line: Subsystem sftp internal-sftp
- name: Add configs into the sshd_config file
ansible.builtin.blockinfile:
path: /etc/ssh/sshd_config
block: |
Match User {{ item.name }}
chrootDirectory {{ item.home_directory }}
X11Forwarding no
AllowTcpForwarding no
ForceCommand internal-sftp
marker: "# {{ item.name }} config {mark}"
with_items: "{{ users }}"
- name: restart sshd service
ansible.builtin.systemd:
state: reloaded
name: sshd
3.2 执行测试
ansible-navigator run sftp.yaml -m stdout
3.3 登录测试
尝试sftp远程登录服务器并上传文件.
sftp ut_k8s_put@serverc
cd upload/
put token.txt
bye
3.4 确认sftp服务器配置文件
确认sftp服务器上的配置文件和目录使用情况.
用了block模块的情况下后续删除修改也会方便很多,每个用户前后都有mark作为标记.
查看目录结构
显然我们刚才的文件也传到了正确的位置
[root@serverc ~]# tree /ftp
/ftp
├── pabc
│ ├── it_k8s_get
│ │ └── upload
│ └── ut_k8s_put
│ └── upload
│ └── token.txt
└── public
└── ftp_k8s
└── upload
8 directories, 1 file
4. 测试删除用户
user_del.yaml
users:
- name: ut_k8s_put
password: "ut_k8s_put_123"
home_directory: "/ftp/pabc/ut_k8s_put"
- name: it_k8s_get
password: "it_k8s_get_123"
home_directory: "/ftp/pabc/it_k8s_get"
playbook
---
- name: remove sftp users
hosts: serverc
gather_facts: false
vars_files:
- user_del.yaml
tasks:
- name: remove user configs from sshd_config
ansible.builtin.blockinfile:
path: /etc/ssh/sshd_config
backup: yes
state: absent
marker: "# {{ item.name }} config {mark}"
with_items: "{{ users }}"
- name: remove user from system
ansible.builtin.user:
name: "{{ item.name }}"
state: absent
remove: yes
with_items: "{{ users }}"
- name: restart sshd service
ansible.builtin.systemd:
state: reloaded
name: sshd
执行删除
ansible-navigator run sftp_remove.yaml -m stdout
执行之后可以看到,清单文件中的2个用户已经删除,之前另外一个创建的用户还是正常
尝试用剩下的那个用户再次连接
确认剩下的那个用户并不受影响
至此使用ansible批量配置sftp增加或删除用户完成.
