<!-- Android 12以下才需要定位权限， Android 9以下官方建议申请ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />
    <!-- Android 12在不申请定位权限时，必须加上android:usesPermissionFlags="neverForLocation"，否则搜不到设备 -->
    <uses-permission
        android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN"
        android:usesPermissionFlags="neverForLocation"
        tools:targetApi="s" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADVERTISE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT" />

Andoird蓝牙java：

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        // 请求权限
        requestPermissions();

//        settingBlueTooth();
//        scanLeDevice(true);

        // 初始化蓝牙适配器
        bluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
        // 开始搜索蓝牙设备
        if (bluetoothAdapter != null && bluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {
            if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                return;
            }
            bluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery();
            // 注册广播接收器来接收蓝牙搜索结果
            IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);
            bluetoothReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
                @Override
                public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
                    String action = intent.getAction();
                    if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) {
                        // 从Intent中获取蓝牙设备对象
                        BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
                        // 打印蓝牙设备的MAC地址
                        if (device != null) {
                            Log.i(TAG, "Found device: " + device.getAddress());
                            // 如果设备的MAC A4开头，就是我们的设备
                            if (device.getAddress().startsWith("A4")) {
                                Log.i(TAG, "Found our device: " + device.getAddress());
                            }
                        }

                    }
                }
            };
            registerReceiver(bluetoothReceiver, filter);
        } else {
            Log.e(TAG, "Bluetooth is not available");
        }


        EdgeToEdge.enable(this);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        ViewCompat.setOnApplyWindowInsetsListener(findViewById(R.id.main), (v, insets) -> {
            Insets systemBars = insets.getInsets(WindowInsetsCompat.Type.systemBars());
            v.setPadding(systemBars.left, systemBars.top, systemBars.right, systemBars.bottom);
            return insets;
        });
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        // 停止蓝牙设备搜索并注销广播接收器
        if (bluetoothAdapter != null) {
            if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                return;
            }
            bluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();
        }
        unregisterReceiver(bluetoothReceiver);
    }

请求权限requestPermissions

    private void requestPermissions() {

        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.S) {
            if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
                    || ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
                    || ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
                    || ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, android.Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
            ) {
                // 如果没有获取到权限，请求权限
                ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{
                        android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH,
                        android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN,
                        android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION,
                        android.Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
                }, PERMISSION_REQUEST_CODE);
            }


        } else {
            if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
                    || ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADVERTISE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
                    || ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
                    || ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
                    || ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, android.Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
            ) {
                // 如果没有获取到权限，请求权限
                ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{
                        android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN,
                        android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADVERTISE,
                        android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT,
                        android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION,
                        android.Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
                }, PERMISSION_REQUEST_CODE);
            }

        }
        // 如果权限已经被授予，直接进行蓝牙功能检查和定位功能检查
       

    }


    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        // 停止蓝牙设备搜索并注销广播接收器
        if (bluetoothAdapter != null) {
            if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                return;
            }
            bluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();
        }
        unregisterReceiver(bluetoothReceiver);


    }