【Unity+Python】如何通过Socket进行通信

1、Unity端创建名为UnityClient.cs脚本代码(客户端)：

注意：unity的规则中类，名和脚本文件名需要相同。

using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Text;
using UnityEngine;

public class UnityClient : MonoBehaviour
{
  TcpClient client;
  NetworkStream stream;

  public struct NPCInfo
  {
    public string Name;//名字
    public int MaxHP;//血量
    public int Attack;//攻击力
    public float AttackFrequency;//攻速
  }
  public string serverIP = "127.0.0.1";  //服务器端ip地址
  public int serverPort = 25001;         //服务器端的端口号
  public NPCInfo MyNPCInfo = new NPCInfo
  {
    Name = "UnityNPC",
    MaxHP = 20,
    Attack = 1,
    AttackFrequency = 1,
  };

  void Start()   //游戏开始时调用，仅调用一次
  {
    ConnectToServer();
  }

  void ConnectToServer()
  {
    client = new TcpClient(serverIP, serverPort);
    stream = client.GetStream();
    Debug.Log("成功连接到服务器");
  }

  void Update()    //每帧都会调用
  {
    ReceiveMessage();
    if (Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.U))  //判断是否按键按下u键
    {
      SendMessage(MyNPCInfo);
    }
  }

  void SendMessage(NPCInfo npcInfo)
  {
    // 将NPCInfo实例转换为JSON格式
    string json = JsonUtility.ToJson(npcInfo);
    byte[] data = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(json);
    stream.Write(data, 0, data.Length);
  }

  void ReceiveMessage()
  {
    if (stream.DataAvailable)
    {
      byte[] responseData = new byte[1024];
      int bytesRead = stream.Read(responseData, 0, responseData.Length);
      string response = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(responseData, 0, bytesRead);
      DecodeJSON(response);
    }
  }

  public void DecodeJSON(string json)
  {
    // 使用JsonUtility.FromJson<T>解码JSON数据
    NPCInfo npcInfo = JsonUtility.FromJson<NPCInfo>(json);
    Debug.Log("名字："+npcInfo.Name+"，血量："+npcInfo.MaxHP+"，攻击力："+npcInfo.Attack+"，攻速："+npcInfo.AttackFrequency);
  }

  void OnDestroy()
  {
    stream.Close();
    client.Close();
  }
}

2、服务器端的python脚本

import socket
import json
import threading
from dataclasses import dataclass

# 定义服务器的IP地址和端口号
host, port = "127.0.0.1", 25001

# 定义NPCInfo结构体
@dataclass
class NPCInfo:
    Name: str
    MaxHP: int
    Attack: int
    AttackFrequency: float

# 处理客户端连接的函数
def handle_client(client_socket):
    send_thread = threading.Thread(target=send_npc_info, args=(client_socket,))
    receive_thread = threading.Thread(target=receive_npc_info, args=(client_socket,))
    
    send_thread.start()
    receive_thread.start()
# 将NPCInfo实例转为JSON格式并发送给客户端
def send_npc_info(client_socket):
    npc_info = NPCInfo("机器人", 100, 10, 1.5)  # 示例数据
    while True:
        user_input = input("输入P发送信息")
        if user_input.lower() == 'p':
            json_data = json.dumps(npc_info.__dict__)  # 转换为JSON格式
            json_data += '\n'  # 添加换行符作为分隔符
            client_socket.sendall(json_data.encode())  # 发送JSON数据


# 从客户端接收JSON数据并解码为NPCInfo实例
def receive_npc_info(client_socket):
    while True:
        received_data = client_socket.recv(1024).decode()  # 接收数据并解码为字符串
        if not received_data:
            break
        # 解码JSON数据为NPCInfo实例
        npc_data = json.loads(received_data)
        npc_info = NPCInfo(**npc_data)
        print("收到Unity信息:", npc_info)

# 创建TCP socket并绑定IP地址和端口号
server_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
server_socket.bind((host, port))
server_socket.listen(5)

print(f"正在监听 {host}:{port}")

while True:
    # 等待客户端连接
    client_socket, _ = server_socket.accept()
    print(f"成功连接到客户端 {_}")
    
    # 启动一个线程来处理客户端连接
    client_thread = threading.Thread(target=handle_client, args=(client_socket,))
    client_thread.start()

3、运行，先运行服务器端python程序，再运行unity上的游戏。