1、试编程

封装一个动物的基类，类中有私有成员:姓名，颜色，指针成员年纪再封装一个狗这样类，共有继承于动物类，自己拓展的私有成员有:指针成员:腿的个数(整型intcount)，共有成员函数:会叫:void speak()
要求:分别完成基类和派生类中的:构造函数、析构函数、拷贝构造函数、拷贝赋值函数

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

class Animal
{
private:
    string name;
    string color;
    int *age;
public:
    //无参构造函数
    Animal(){}
    //有参构造函数
    Animal(string name, string color, int age):name(name),color(color),age(new int(age))
    {
        cout << "父类：有参构造函数" << endl;
    }
    //析构函数
    ~Animal()
    {
        cout << "析构函数" << endl;
    }
    //拷贝构造函数
    Animal(const Animal &other):name(other.name),color(other.color),age(new int(*other.age))
    {
        cout << "父类：拷贝构造函数" << endl;
    }
    //拷贝赋值函数
    Animal &operator=(const Animal &other)
    {
        if(this != &other)
        {
            name = other.name;
            color = other.name;
            age = new int(*other.age);
        }
        cout << "父类：拷贝赋值函数" << endl;
        return *this;
    }

};

class Dog:public Animal
{
private:
    int *leg;
public:
    Dog(){}
    Dog(string name,string color,int age,int leg):Animal(name,color,age),leg(new int(leg))
    {
        cout << "dog 有参构造函数" << endl;
    }
    Dog(const Dog &other):Animal(other),leg(new int (*other.leg))
    {
        cout << "dog 拷贝构造函数" << endl;
    }
    Dog &operator=(const Dog &other)
    {
        if(this != &other)
        {
            Animal::operator=(other);
            leg = new int(*other.leg);

        }
        cout << "dog 拷贝赋值函数" << endl;
        return *this;
    }
    void speak()
    {
        cout << "汪汪汪" <<endl;
    }
    ~Dog()
    {
        cout << " dog 析构函数" << endl;
    }

};

int main()
{
    Dog d1;
    Dog d2("小蒜","yellow",2,4);
    Dog d3(d2);
    d1 = d3;

    return 0;
}

2、试编程

具体过程如下:
定义一个基类 Animal，其中有一个虚函数perform()，用于在子类中实现不同的表演行为。

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

class Animal
{
private:
    string name;
public:
    Animal(){}
    Animal(string name):name(name)
    {

    }
    virtual void perform()
    {
        cout << "I am performer!" << endl;
    }
};

class lion:public Animal
{
private:
    string name;
public:
    lion(){}
    lion(string n1,string n2):Animal(n1),name(n2)
    {

    }
    void perform()
    {
        cout << "I am lion,I am strong!" << endl;
    }
};

class elephant:public Animal
{
private:
    string name;
public:
    elephant(){}
    elephant(string n1,string n2):Animal(n1),name(n2){}
    void perform()
    {
        cout << "I am elephant,Look at my nose!" << endl;
    }
};

int main()
{

    lion l1("小蒜","小狮子");
    Animal *p = &l1;
    p->perform();
    elephant e1("小蒜","小象");
    Animal *q = &e1;
    q->perform();
    return 0;
}

思维导图