读取txt文件，将匹配条件的多列绘制成曲线展示：

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import re
from datetime import datetime
from pylab import mpl

mpl.rcParams["font.sans-serif"] = ["SimHei"]   # 设置显示中文字体
mpl.rcParams["axes.unicode_minus"] = False   # 设置正常显示符号

"""
out_los_GDHZ.txt文件内容
2024/03/05 05:50:01  sys:  1,prn:  8, f :  0, rr :  22776258.520521, cdts :  9499.326017, dtrpr :  0.000000, ionxr :  16.994414, dantr :  0.000000, dantrr[findex] :  0.000000, scb :  0.000000, 
2024/03/05 05:50:01  sys:  1,prn:  8, f :  0, rr :  22776258.520521, cdts :  9499.326017, dtrpr :  0.000000, ionxr :  16.994414, dantr :  0.000000, dantrr[findex] :  0.000000, scb :  0.000000, 
2024/03/05 05:50:01  sys:  1,prn:  8, f :  1, rr :  22776258.520521, cdts :  9499.326017, dtrpr :  0.000000, ionxr :  30.475578, dantr :  0.000000, dantrr[findex] :  0.000000, scb :  0.000000, 
2024/03/05 05:50:01  sys:  1,prn:  8, f :  1, rr :  22776258.520521, cdts :  9499.326017, dtrpr :  0.000000, ionxr :  30.475578, dantr :  0.000000, dantrr[findex] :  0.000000, scb :  0.000000, 
2024/03/05 05:50:01  sys:  1,prn:  14, f :  0, rr :  23343648.060891, cdts :  102648.741372, dtrpr :  0.000000, ionxr :  19.831918, dantr :  0.000000, dantrr[findex] :  0.000000, scb :  0.000000, 
2024/03/05 05:50:01  sys:  1,prn:  14, f :  0, rr :  23343648.060891, cdts :  102648.741372, dtrpr :  0.000000, ionxr :  19.831918, dantr :  0.000000, dantrr[findex] :  0.000000, scb :  0.000000, 
2024/03/05 05:50:01  sys:  1,prn:  14, f :  1, rr :  23343648.060891, cdts :  102648.741372, dtrpr :  0.000000, ionxr :  35.563990, dantr :  0.000000, dantrr[findex] :  0.000000, scb :  0.000000, 
2024/03/05 05:50:01  sys:  1,prn:  14, f :  1, rr :  23343648.060891, cdts :  102648.741372, dtrpr :  0.000000, ionxr :  35.563990, dantr :  0.000000, dantrr[findex] :  0.000000, scb :  0.000000, 
2024/03/05 05:50:01  sys:  1,prn:  30, f :  0, rr :  21635324.825727, cdts : -127128.592610, dtrpr :  0.000000, ionxr :  14.159144, dantr :  0.000000, dantrr[findex] :  0.000000, scb :  0.000000, 
2024/03/05 05:50:01  sys:  1,prn:  30, f :  0, rr :  21635324.825727, cdts : -127128.592610, dtrpr :  0.000000, ionxr :  14.159144, dantr :  0.000000, dantrr[findex] :  0.000000, scb :  0.000000, 
"""

with open('out_los_GDHZ.txt', 'r') as file:
    timeList1 = []
    ionxrList1 = []
    timeList2 = []
    ionxrList2 = []
    timeList3 = []
    ionxrList3 = []
    timeList4 = []
    ionxrList4 = []
    count1, count2, count3, count4 = 0, 0, 0, 0
    lines = file.readlines()
    # 因有数据重复，隔行读取数据
    for line in lines[::2]:
        # 多个分隔符来分割
        temp = re.split("[,| ]+", line)
        if (temp[3] == "1") & (temp[5] == "8") & (temp[8] == "0"):
            datee = temp[0]
            timee = temp[1]
            ionxr = temp[20]
            dt = datee + " " + timee
            timeArry = datetime.strptime(dt, "%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S")
            timeList1.append(timeArry)
            ionxrList1.append(ionxr)
            count1 += 1
            # print(timeArry,ionxr)
        elif (temp[3] == "8") & (temp[5] == "33") & (temp[8] == "1"):
            datee = temp[0]
            timee = temp[1]
            ionxr = temp[20]
            dt = datee + " " + timee
            timeArry = datetime.strptime(dt, "%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S")
            timeList2.append(timeArry)
            ionxrList2.append(ionxr)
            count2 += 1
            # print(timeArry,ionxr)
        elif (temp[3] == "32") & (temp[5] == "24") & (temp[8] == "0"):
            datee = temp[0]
            timee = temp[1]
            ionxr = temp[20]
            dt = datee + " " + timee
            timeArry = datetime.strptime(dt, "%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S")
            timeList3.append(timeArry)
            ionxrList3.append(ionxr)
            count3 += 1
            # print(timeArry,ionxr)
        elif (temp[3] == "32") & (temp[5] == "40") & (temp[8] == "1"):
            datee = temp[0]
            timee = temp[1]
            ionxr = temp[20]
            dt = datee + " " + timee
            timeArry = datetime.strptime(dt, "%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S")
            timeList4.append(timeArry)
            ionxrList4.append(ionxr)
            count4 += 1
            # print(timeArry,ionxr)
    # 绘制线形图
    plt.title(u'电离层活跃状况')
    plt.plot(timeList1, ionxrList1, color='green', label='1-8-0')
    plt.plot(timeList2, ionxrList2, color='red', label='8-33-1')
    plt.plot(timeList3, ionxrList3, color='blue', label='32-24-0')
    plt.plot(timeList4, ionxrList4, color='cyan', label='32-40-1')
    print(count1, count2, count3, count4)

    # 设置x轴标签和y轴标签
    plt.xlabel(u"日期")
    plt.ylabel(u"电离层系数")

    # 显示图表
    plt.show()

效果如下：因百万条数据量，y轴数字叠加显示。