一.自己数据集整理
将labelimg格式数据集进行整理
1.1. 更换图片后缀为jpg

import os
import shutil

root_path='/media/ai-developer/img'

file=os.listdir(root_path)

for img in file:
    if img.endswith('jpeg') or img.endswith('JPG') or img.endswith('png'):
        img_path=os.path.join(root_path,img)
        name=os.path.splitext(img)[0]
        new_name=name+'.jpg'
        os.rename(img_path,os.path.join(root_path,new_name))
        print(name+'.jpg','修改成功....')

2.删除xml和jpg名称不对应的图片

import os
import shutil
imgs=[]
labels=[]

xml_path='/media/ai-developer/277f00a0-3f2b-47a3-9870-b69d65db4d511/图像/20240130结果/ann'
jpg_path='/media/ai-developer/277f00a0-3f2b-47a3-9870-b69d65db4d511/图像/20240130结果/img'


def get_file_list(path, ex):

    file_list = []
    for dir, folder, file in os.walk(path):
        for i in file:
            if os.path.splitext(i)[1] in ex:
                file_list.append(os.path.join(dir, i))
    return file_list

file_jpg = get_file_list(jpg_path, ['.jpg','.JPG','jpeg','png'])
file_xml = get_file_list(xml_path, ['.xml'])

prefix_jpg_list=[]
prefix_xml_list=[]

for b in file_jpg:
    prefix_jpg=os.path.splitext(b)[0]
    jpg_suffix = os.path.basename(prefix_jpg)
    prefix_jpg_list.append(jpg_suffix)

for b in file_xml:
    prefix_xml=os.path.splitext(b)[0]
    xml_suffix = os.path.basename(prefix_xml)
    prefix_xml_list.append(xml_suffix)

for c in prefix_jpg_list:
    if c not in prefix_xml_list:
        os.remove(os.path.join(jpg_path,c)+'.jpg')
        print(c + '.jpg 已将删除')

for d in prefix_xml_list:
    if d not in prefix_jpg_list:
        os.remove(os.path.join(xml_path,d)+'.xml')
        print(d+'.xml 已将删除')
print('over')

1.3 查看class name

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-

from xml.dom.minidom import parse
import xml.dom.minidom
import os
import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET

xml_path = '/home/ai-developer/桌面/VOCdevkit/VOC2007/Annotations'

classCount = dict()
jpg_name_set=set()

def load_predefine_class():
    predef = open('predefined_classes.txt', 'r', encoding='utf-8')
    for c in predef:
        c = c[:-1]
        classCount[c] = 0

def parse_files(path):

    root = ET.parse(path).getroot()  # 利用ET读取xml文件

    for obj in root.iter('object'):  # 遍历所有目标框
        # print('pic_name:', xml_name)
        name = obj.find('name').text  # 获取目标框名称，即label名

        v = classCount.get(name, 0)
        classCount[name] = v + 1

def traversal_dir(xml_path):
    for p,d,f in os.walk(xml_path):
        for t in f:

            if t.endswith(".xml"):
                path = os.path.join(p, t)

                parse_files(path)
                # print(path)


def output():
    for k in classCount:
        print('%s : %d' % (k, classCount[k]))

if __name__ == '__main__':

    traversal_dir(xml_path)
    output()

1.4 创建以下目录结构

其中JPEGImgs里面是所有图片
Annotations里面是所有xml文件
dataset.py文件代码为

import os
import random

trainval_percent =0.8 # 0.8
train_percent =0.8  #0.8
xmlfilepath = 'Annotations'
txtsavepath = 'ImageSets\Main'
total_xml = os.listdir(xmlfilepath)

num = len(total_xml)
list = range(num)
tv = int(num * trainval_percent)
tr = int(tv * train_percent)
trainval = random.sample(list, tv)
train = random.sample(trainval, tr)

ftrainval = open('ImageSets/Main/trainval.txt', 'w')
ftest = open('ImageSets/Main/test.txt', 'w')
ftrain = open('ImageSets/Main/train.txt', 'w')
fval = open('ImageSets/Main/val.txt', 'w')

for i in list:
    name = total_xml[i][:-4] + '\n'
    if i in trainval:
        ftrainval.write(name)
        if i in train:
            ftrain.write(name)
        else:
            fval.write(name)
            ftest.write(name)
    else:
        ftest.write(name)

ftrainval.close()
ftrain.close()
fval.close()
ftest.close()
print('数据集划分完成')

准备好一切后,python dataset.py自动划分数据集
由此,数据集已经准备完成

二.修改mmdetection配置文件

我的环境版本
``
torch 2.0.1
mmcv 2.1.0
mmdeploy 1.3.1
mmdeploy-runtime 1.3.1
mmdeploy-runtime-gpu 1.3.1
mmdet 3.2.0
mmengine 0.10.1

### 我使用的模型为cascade-rcnn-r101
## 1.0  修改voc0712.py
vi /mmdetection-main/configs/_base_/datasets/voc0712.py

```python
# dataset settings
dataset_type = 'VOCDataset'
data_root = 'data/VOCdevkit/'

# Example to use different file client
# Method 1: simply set the data root and let the file I/O module
# automatically Infer from prefix (not support LMDB and Memcache yet)

# data_root = 's3://openmmlab/datasets/detection/segmentation/VOCdevkit/'

# Method 2: Use `backend_args`, `file_client_args` in versions before 3.0.0rc6
# backend_args = dict(
#     backend='petrel',
#     path_mapping=dict({
#         './data/': 's3://openmmlab/datasets/segmentation/',
#         'data/': 's3://openmmlab/datasets/segmentation/'
#     }))
backend_args = None

train_pipeline = [
    dict(type='LoadImageFromFile', backend_args=backend_args),
    dict(type='LoadAnnotations', with_bbox=True),
    dict(type='Resize', scale=(1000, 600), keep_ratio=True),
    dict(type='RandomFlip', prob=0.5),
    dict(type='PackDetInputs')
]
test_pipeline = [
    dict(type='LoadImageFromFile', backend_args=backend_args),
    dict(type='Resize', scale=(1000, 600), keep_ratio=True),
    # avoid bboxes being resized
    dict(type='LoadAnnotations', with_bbox=True),
    dict(
        type='PackDetInputs',
        meta_keys=('img_id', 'img_path', 'ori_shape', 'img_shape',
                   'scale_factor'))
]
train_dataloader = dict(
    batch_size=2,
    num_workers=2,
    persistent_workers=True,
    sampler=dict(type='DefaultSampler', shuffle=True),
    batch_sampler=dict(type='AspectRatioBatchSampler'),
    dataset=dict(
        type='RepeatDataset',
        times=3,
        dataset=dict(
            type='ConcatDataset',
            # VOCDataset will add different `dataset_type` in dataset.metainfo,
            # which will get error if using ConcatDataset. Adding
            # `ignore_keys` can avoid this error.
            ignore_keys=['dataset_type'],
            datasets=[
                dict(
                    type=dataset_type,
                    data_root=data_root,
                    ann_file='VOC2007/ImageSets/Main/trainval.txt',
                    data_prefix=dict(sub_data_root='VOC2007/'),
                    filter_cfg=dict(
                        filter_empty_gt=True, min_size=32, bbox_min_size=32),
                    pipeline=train_pipeline,
                    backend_args=backend_args),
                # dict(
                #     type=dataset_type,
                #     data_root=data_root,
                #     ann_file='VOC2012/ImageSets/Main/trainval.txt',
                #     data_prefix=dict(sub_data_root='VOC2012/'),
                #     filter_cfg=dict(
                #         filter_empty_gt=True, min_size=32, bbox_min_size=32),
                #     pipeline=train_pipeline,
                #     backend_args=backend_args)
            ])))

val_dataloader = dict(
    batch_size=2,
    num_workers=2,
    persistent_workers=True,
    drop_last=False,
    sampler=dict(type='DefaultSampler', shuffle=False),
    dataset=dict(
        type=dataset_type,
        data_root=data_root,
        ann_file='VOC2007/ImageSets/Main/test.txt',
        data_prefix=dict(sub_data_root='VOC2007/'),
        test_mode=True,
        pipeline=test_pipeline,
        backend_args=backend_args))
test_dataloader = val_dataloader

val_evaluator = dict(type='VOCMetric', metric='mAP', eval_mode='11points')
test_evaluator = val_evaluator

2.0 修改cascade-rcnn_r50_fpn.py

vi mmdetection-main/configs/base/models/cascade-rcnn_r50_fpn.py
修改3出位置 ,num_classes=自己对应的类别数量,

3.0 cascade-rcnn_r50_fpn_1x_coco.py文件修改

vi /mmdetection-main/configs/cascade_rcnn/cascade-rcnn_r50_fpn_1x_coco.py

_base_ = [
    '../_base_/models/cascade-rcnn_r50_fpn.py',
    # '../_base_/datasets/coco_detection.py',
    '../_base_/datasets/voc0712.py',
    '../_base_/schedules/schedule_2x.py', '../_base_/default_runtime.py'
]

4.0 修改voc.py
vi /mmdetection-main/mmdet/datasets/voc.py

5.0 修改class_name.py
vi /mmdetection-main/mmdet/evaluation/functional/class_names.py

好了,配置文件修改完成,接下来就是开始训练

三.启动训练

单卡训练模型示例 
python3 ./tools/train.py ./configs/faster_rcnn_r50_fpn_1x.py
python tools/train.py configs/cascade_rcnn/cascade_rcnn_r50_fpn_1x_coco.py --work-dir work_dirs/cascade_rcnn_r50_fpn_1x_0603/

多gpu分布式训练示例

./tools/dist_train.sh configs/cascade_rcnn/cascade-rcnn_r101_fpn_1x_coco.py 2 --work-dir work_dirs/cascade_rcnn_r101_fpn_1x_0120



resume 训练
 ./tools/dist_train.sh configs/cascade_rcnn/cascade_rcnn_r101_fpn_20e_coco.py 2 --resume-from work_dirs/cascade_rcnn_r101_fpn_1x_coco0716/latest.pth --work-dir work_dirs/cascade_rcnn_r101_fpn_1x_coco0716

四.模型推理

from mmdet.apis import DetInferencer
import mmcv
import os
import time
import cv2
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt


config_file = '/home/ai-developer/data/mmdetection-main/work_dirs/cascade_rcnn_r101_fpn_1x25/cascade-rcnn_r101_fpn_1x_coco.py'
checkpoint_file = '/home/ai-developer/data/mmdetection-main/work_dirs/cascade_rcnn_r101_fpn_1x25/epoch_19.pth'

inferencer = DetInferencer(model=config_file,weights=checkpoint_file,device='cuda:0') # ,palette ='random'

imgdir = '/home/ai-developer/data/mmdetection-main/work_dirs/cascade_rcnn_r101_fpn_1x_0205/test_img'
imgs = os.listdir(imgdir)
i = 0
start = time.time()
for img in imgs:
    i = i + 1
    name=os.path.basename(img)
    # print('name:',name)
    imgpath = os.path.join(imgdir, img)  # or img = mmcv.imread(img), which will only load it once

    # print(imgpath)
    out_dir = os.path.join('./results/shebei0205', img)
    result = inferencer(imgpath,out_dir=out_dir,show=False)#,show=True