利用MQ自动取消未支付超时订单最佳实践

一、利用MQ自动取消未支付超时订单最佳实践

1、基于 RocketMQ 延迟消息

1.1：延迟消息

当消息写入到 Broker 后，不会立刻被消费者消费，需要等待指定的时长后才可被消费处理的消息，称为延时消息。

1.2：实现流程

（1）用户创建订单时，发送一个延迟消息到消息队列，延时时间为订单的超时时间。
（2）消息到期后，消费者接收到消息，检查订单状态：
如果订单未支付，则关闭订单；
如果已支付，则忽略消息。

1.3：优点

高效，解耦，适合高并发场景。
失败可重试，可靠性高。

1.4：缺点

需要引入消息队列，增加系统复杂度。

2、RabbitMQ死信队列

2.1：死信队列

当 RabbitMQ 中的一条正常消息，因为过了存活时间（TTL 过期）、队列长度超限、被消费者拒绝等原因无法被消费时，就会被当成一条死信消息，投递到死信队列。

我们可以给消息设置一个 TTL ，然后故意不消费消息，等消息过期就会进入死信队列，我们再消费死信队列即可。

通过这样的方式，就可以达到同 RocketMQ 延迟消息一样的效果。

2.2：优点

同 RocketMQ 一样，RabbitMQ 同样可以使业务解耦，基于其集群的扩展性，也可以实现高可用、高性能的目标。

二、RabbitMQ死信队列实现代码

1、CancelOrderSender消息的发送者

/**
 * 取消订单消息的发送者
 */
@Component
public class CancelOrderSender {
    private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(CancelOrderSender.class);
    @Autowired
    private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;

    public void sendMessage(Long orderId,final long delayTimes){
        //给延迟队列发送消息
        amqpTemplate.convertAndSend(QueueEnum.QUEUE_TTL_ORDER_CANCEL.getExchange(), QueueEnum.QUEUE_TTL_ORDER_CANCEL.getRouteKey(), orderId, new MessagePostProcessor() {
            @Override
            public Message postProcessMessage(Message message) throws AmqpException {
                //给消息设置延迟毫秒值
                message.getMessageProperties().setExpiration(String.valueOf(delayTimes));
                return message;
            }
        });
        LOGGER.info("send orderId:{}",orderId);
    }
}

2、CancelOrderReceiver消息的接收者

/**
 * 取消订单消息的接收者
 */
@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = "mall.order.cancel")
public class CancelOrderReceiver {
    private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(CancelOrderReceiver.class);
    @Autowired
    private OmsPortalOrderService portalOrderService;
    @RabbitHandler
    public void handle(Long orderId){
        portalOrderService.cancelOrder(orderId);
        LOGGER.info("process orderId:{}",orderId);
    }
}

3、QueueEnum消息队列枚举类

@Getter
public enum QueueEnum {
    /**
     * 消息通知队列
     */
    QUEUE_ORDER_CANCEL("mall.order.direct", "mall.order.cancel", "mall.order.cancel"),
    /**
     * 消息通知ttl队列
     */
    QUEUE_TTL_ORDER_CANCEL("mall.order.direct.ttl", "mall.order.cancel.ttl", "mall.order.cancel.ttl");

    /**
     * 交换名称
     */
    private final String exchange;
    /**
     * 队列名称
     */
    private final String name;
    /**
     * 路由键
     */
    private final String routeKey;

    QueueEnum(String exchange, String name, String routeKey) {
        this.exchange = exchange;
        this.name = name;
        this.routeKey = routeKey;
    }
}

4、OmsPortalOrderServiceImpl前台订单管理实现

这里核心是在创建订单后，发送此订单到死信队列，用于后续MQ的监听消费。

@Slf4j
@Service
public class OmsPortalOrderServiceImpl implements OmsPortalOrderService {

    @Override
    public Map<String, Object> generateOrder(OrderParam orderParam) {
        List<OmsOrderItem> orderItemList = new ArrayList<>();
        //校验收货地址
        if(orderParam.getMemberReceiveAddressId()==null){
            Asserts.fail("请选择收货地址！");
        }
        //获取购物车及优惠信息
        UmsMember currentMember = memberService.getCurrentMember();
        List<CartPromotionItem> cartPromotionItemList = cartItemService.listPromotion(currentMember.getId(), orderParam.getCartIds());
        for (CartPromotionItem cartPromotionItem : cartPromotionItemList) {
            //生成下单商品信息
            OmsOrderItem orderItem = new OmsOrderItem();
            orderItem.setProductId(cartPromotionItem.getProductId());
            orderItem.setProductQuantity(cartPromotionItem.getQuantity());
            orderItem.setProductSkuId(cartPromotionItem.getProductSkuId());
            orderItem.setProductSkuCode(cartPromotionItem.getProductSkuCode());
            orderItem.setProductCategoryId(cartPromotionItem.getProductCategoryId());
            orderItem.setPromotionAmount(cartPromotionItem.getReduceAmount());
            orderItem.setPromotionName(cartPromotionItem.getPromotionMessage());
            orderItem.setGiftIntegration(cartPromotionItem.getIntegration());
            orderItem.setGiftGrowth(cartPromotionItem.getGrowth());
            orderItemList.add(orderItem);
        }
        //判断购物车中商品是否都有库存
        if (!hasStock(cartPromotionItemList)) {
            Asserts.fail("库存不足，无法下单");
        }
        //判断使用使用了优惠券
        //计算order_item的实付金额
        //进行库存锁定
        //根据商品合计、运费、活动优惠、优惠券、积分计算应付金额
        OmsOrder order = new OmsOrder();
        order.setDiscountAmount(new BigDecimal(0));
        order.setTotalAmount(calcTotalAmount(orderItemList));
        order.setFreightAmount(new BigDecimal(0));
        order.setPromotionAmount(calcPromotionAmount(orderItemList));
        order.setPromotionInfo(getOrderPromotionInfo(orderItemList));
        if (orderParam.getCouponId() == null) {
            order.setCouponAmount(new BigDecimal(0));
        } else {
            order.setCouponId(orderParam.getCouponId());
            order.setCouponAmount(calcCouponAmount(orderItemList));
        }
        if (orderParam.getUseIntegration() == null) {
            order.setIntegration(0);
            order.setIntegrationAmount(new BigDecimal(0));
        } else {
            order.setIntegration(orderParam.getUseIntegration());
            order.setIntegrationAmount(calcIntegrationAmount(orderItemList));
        }
        order.setPayAmount(calcPayAmount(order));
        //转化为订单信息并插入数据库
        order.setMemberId(currentMember.getId());
        order.setCreateTime(new Date());
        order.setMemberUsername(currentMember.getUsername());
        //支付方式：0->未支付；1->支付宝；2->微信
        order.setPayType(orderParam.getPayType());
        //订单来源：0->PC订单；1->app订单
        order.setSourceType(1);
        //订单状态：0->待付款；1->待发货；2->已发货；3->已完成；4->已关闭；5->无效订单
        order.setStatus(0);
        //订单类型：0->正常订单；1->秒杀订单
        order.setOrderType(0);
        //收货人信息：姓名、电话、邮编、地址
        UmsMemberReceiveAddress address = memberReceiveAddressService.getItem(orderParam.getMemberReceiveAddressId());
        order.setReceiverName(address.getName());
        order.setReceiverPhone(address.getPhoneNumber());
        order.setReceiverPostCode(address.getPostCode());
        order.setReceiverProvince(address.getProvince());
        order.setReceiverCity(address.getCity());
        order.setReceiverRegion(address.getRegion());
        order.setReceiverDetailAddress(address.getDetailAddress());
        //0->未确认；1->已确认
        order.setConfirmStatus(0);
        order.setDeleteStatus(0);
        //计算赠送积分order.setIntegration(calcGifIntegration(orderItemList));
        //计算赠送成长值
        order.setGrowth(calcGiftGrowth(orderItemList));
        //生成订单号
        order.setOrderSn(generateOrderSn(order));
        //设置自动收货天数
        List<OmsOrderSetting> orderSettings = orderSettingMapper.selectByExample(new OmsOrderSettingExample());
        if(CollUtil.isNotEmpty(orderSettings)){
            order.setAutoConfirmDay(orderSettings.get(0).getConfirmOvertime());
        }
        
        //插入order表和order_item表
        orderMapper.insert(order);
        for (OmsOrderItem orderItem : orderItemList) {
            orderItem.setOrderId(order.getId());
            orderItem.setOrderSn(order.getOrderSn());
        }
        orderItemDao.insertList(orderItemList);

        //删除购物车中的下单商品
        deleteCartItemList(cartPromotionItemList, currentMember);
        //发送延迟消息取消订单
        sendDelayMessageCancelOrder(order.getId());
        Map<String, Object> result = new HashMap<>();
        result.put("order", order);
        result.put("orderItemList", orderItemList);
        return result;
    }
}

具体的取消实现方法

@Override
    public void cancelOrder(Long orderId) {
        //查询未付款的取消订单
        OmsOrderExample example = new OmsOrderExample();
        example.createCriteria().andIdEqualTo(orderId).andStatusEqualTo(0).andDeleteStatusEqualTo(0);
        List<OmsOrder> cancelOrderList = orderMapper.selectByExample(example);
        if (CollectionUtils.isEmpty(cancelOrderList)) {
            return;
        }
        OmsOrder cancelOrder = cancelOrderList.get(0);
        if (cancelOrder != null) {
            //修改订单状态为取消
            cancelOrder.setStatus(4);
            orderMapper.updateByPrimaryKeySelective(cancelOrder);
            OmsOrderItemExample orderItemExample = new OmsOrderItemExample();
            orderItemExample.createCriteria().andOrderIdEqualTo(orderId);
            List<OmsOrderItem> orderItemList = orderItemMapper.selectByExample(orderItemExample);
            //解除订单商品库存锁定
            if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(orderItemList)) {
                for (OmsOrderItem orderItem : orderItemList) {
                    int count = portalOrderDao.releaseStockBySkuId(orderItem.getProductSkuId(),orderItem.getProductQuantity());
                    if(count==0){
                        Asserts.fail("库存不足，无法释放！");
                    }
                }
            }
            //修改优惠券使用状态
            updateCouponStatus(cancelOrder.getCouponId(), cancelOrder.getMemberId(), 0);
            //返还使用积分
            if (cancelOrder.getUseIntegration() != null) {
                UmsMember member = memberService.getById(cancelOrder.getMemberId());
                memberService.updateIntegration(cancelOrder.getMemberId(), member.getIntegration() + cancelOrder.getUseIntegration());
            }
        }
    }