sudo mkdir -p /etc/systemd/system/docker.service.d

sudo vim /etc/systemd/system/docker.service.d/http-proxy.conf

加入如下配置，输入自己的http和https代理地址和端口

[Service]
Environment="HTTP_PROXY=http://proxy.example.com:8080"
Environment="HTTPS_PROXY=https://proxy.example.com:8080"

systemctl daemon-reload

systemctl restart docker