1. 安装必要的库，这里使用PDF.js库

   npm install pdfjs-dist --save

2. 为了解决跨域问题，在server/api 下 创建一个请求api， downloadFileByProxy.ts

    
   import { defineEventHandler } from 'h3';
    
   export default defineEventHandler(async event => {
     const { filePath } =  getQuery(event);
     let matches = filePath?.match(/^https?\:\/\/([^\/?#]+)(?:[\/?#]|$)/i);
     let domain = matches && matches[1]; 
     return proxyRequest(event,`https://${domain}/`, {
       fetch: ()=>fetch(filePath),
     })
   })

3. 支持现代浏览器，新建pdfPreviewForMordern.vue组件

   <script setup lang="ts">
     import { isPdf } from '~/utils/is';
     import 'pdfjs-dist/web/pdf_viewer.css';
     import * as pdfjsLib from 'pdfjs-dist';
     // import * as pdfjsLib from 'pdfjs-dist/legacy/build/pdf.js'; // 旧版浏览器需要换成这个导入
     import * as pdfjsViewer from 'pdfjs-dist/web/pdf_viewer';
     import 'pdfjs-dist/build/pdf.worker.entry';
     import * as pdfjsSandbox from 'pdfjs-dist/build/pdf.sandbox.js';
     // import {  PDFDocumentProxy } from 'pdfjs-dist/types/src/display/api';
     import { debounce } from 'lodash-es';
   
     const props = defineProps({
       path: {
         type: String,
         default: '',
       },
       preview: {
         type: Boolean,
         default: true,
       },
     });
   
     const SANDBOX_BUNDLE_SRC = pdfjsSandbox;
   
     pdfjsLib.GlobalWorkerOptions.workerSrc = window.pdfjsWorker;
   
     const CMAP_URL = '/pdfjs-dist/cmaps/';
     const CMAP_PACKED = true;
     const STANDARD_FONT_DATA_URL = '/pdfjs-dist/standard_fonts/';
   
     window.pdfjsLib = pdfjsLib;
     window.pdfjsViewer = pdfjsViewer;
   
     const pdfEventBus = new pdfjsViewer.EventBus();
   
     const pdfScriptingManager = new pdfjsViewer.PDFScriptingManager({
       eventBus: pdfEventBus,
       sandboxBundleSrc: SANDBOX_BUNDLE_SRC,
     });
     const pdfLinkService = new pdfjsViewer.PDFLinkService({
       eventBus: pdfEventBus,
     });
   
     // (Optionally) enable find controller.
     const pdfFindController = new pdfjsViewer.PDFFindController({
       eventBus: pdfEventBus,
       linkService: pdfLinkService,
     });
   
     let pdfViewer: pdfjsViewer.PDFViewer | null = null;
     let pdfDocument: PDFDocumentProxy | null = null;
   
     const loading = ref<boolean>(true);
     const visible = ref<boolean>(false);
     const setVisible = (value: boolean): void => {
       if (!props.preview) {
         return;
       }
       visible.value = value;
     };
   
     let oldPath = '';
     const random = ref(Math.floor(Math.random() * 10001));
     const bufferCache = ref(null); // 使用缓存避免多次请求，可以试具体情况优化与否
   
     watch(
       () => props.path,
       async (val) => {
         if (!val || !isPdf(val)) {
           return;
         }
         setTimeout(() => {
           debounceRenderHandle();
         }, 500);
       },
       {
         immediate: true,
       },
     );
   
     const debounceRenderHandle = debounce(() => {
       initPage(props.path, `pdfjs-container-${random.value}`, 'page-height');
     }, 500);
   
     const preview = async () => {
       setVisible(true);
       if (oldPath === props.path) {
         return;
       }
       if (!props.path) {
         return;
       }
       oldPath = props.path;
       setTimeout(() => {
         initPage(props.path, `pdfjs-modal-container-${random.value}`);
       }, 500);
     };
   
     async function getFile(pdfPath: string) {
       // 为了防止跨域需要再次请求
       const { _data } = await $fetch.raw(`/api/downloadFileByProxy`,{
         method: 'get',
         params: {
           // filePath: val.split('/').pop(),
           filePath: pdfPath,
         },
       })
       let blob = _data;
       let buffer = await blob?.arrayBuffer();
       return buffer;
     }
   
     async function initPage(pdfPath: string, domId: string, zoom?: string | number) {
       if (!pdfPath) return;
       try {
         // download pdf from api to prevent CORS
         bufferCache.value = bufferCache.value || (await getFile(pdfPath));
         let container = document.getElementById(domId);
         pdfDocument = await pdfjsLib.getDocument({
           // url: pdfUrl as unknown as URL,
           data: useCloneDeep(bufferCache.value),
           cMapUrl: CMAP_URL,
           cMapPacked: CMAP_PACKED,
           standardFontDataUrl: STANDARD_FONT_DATA_URL,
         }).promise;
         pdfViewer = new pdfjsViewer.PDFViewer({
           container: container as unknown as HTMLDivElement,
           eventBus: pdfEventBus,
           annotationMode: 0,
           annotationEditorMode: 0,
           scriptingManager: pdfScriptingManager,
           linkService: pdfLinkService,
         });
         pdfScriptingManager.setDocument(pdfDocument);
         pdfScriptingManager.setViewer(pdfViewer);
         pdfLinkService.setDocument(pdfDocument);
         pdfLinkService.setViewer(pdfViewer);
   
         pdfViewer.setDocument(pdfDocument);
         pdfEventBus.on('pagesinit', () => {
           if (pdfViewer) {
             loading.value = false;
             // TODO: this code will report error, but not affect results: [offsetParent is not set -- cannot scroll]
             zoom ? pdfLinkService.setHash(`zoom=${zoom}`) : pdfLinkService.setHash(`zoom=100`);
           }
         });
       } catch {
         // Init pdf Page error
       }
     }
   </script>
   
   <template>
     <div class="w-full h-full">
       <div @click="preview" class="absolute inset-0 cursor-pointer z-[100]" v-if="preview"></div>
       <img :src="useRuntimeConfig().public.loadingPicture" class="absolute object-cover w-full h-full" v-if="loading" />
       <div :id="`pdfjs-container-${random}`" class="page-container page-thumbnail-container no-scrollbar">
         <div :id="`pdfViewer-${random}`" class="pdfViewer pdf-thumbnail-viewer"></div>
       </div>
       <a-modal v-model:visible="visible" :footer="null" width="100%" wrap-class-name="ant-full-modal">
         <template #closeIcon>
           <span class="font-semibold bg-white cursor-pointer text-litepie-primary-600 text-[16px]">
             <ms-icon path="close-icon" type="svg" :w="48" :h="48" />
           </span>
         </template>
         <div :id="`pdfjs-modal-container-${random}`" class="page-container page-modal-container">
           <div :id="`pdfModalViewer-${random}`" class="pdfViewer"></div>
         </div>
       </a-modal>
     </div>
   </template>
   
   <style lang="less">
     .ant-full-modal {
       .ant-modal {
         max-width: 100%;
         top: 0;
         padding-bottom: 0;
         margin: 0;
       }
       .ant-modal-content {
         display: flex;
         flex-direction: column;
         height: calc(100vh);
       }
       .ant-modal-body {
         flex: 1;
         padding: 0;
       }
       .ant-modal-close {
         top: 30px;
         right: 30px;
       }
     }
   </style>
   <style lang="less" scoped>
     .page-container {
       position: absolute;
       inset: 0;
       width: 100%;
       height: 100%;
       overflow: auto;
     }
     /* another way to scale pdf, still will report error 
     :deep(.pdf-thumbnail-viewer) {
       --scale-factor: 0.5 !important;
       canvas {
         width: 100% !important;
         height: 100% !important;
       }
     }
     */
   </style>
   

4. 对于旧版浏览器，新建pdfPreviewForOld.vue，唯一不同的地方是需要替换pdfjsLib导入

   import * as pdfjsLib from 'pdfjs-dist/legacy/build/pdf.js';

5. 新建pdfPreview.vue，导入两个组件

   <script setup lang="ts">
     const supportedOlderBrowser = computed(() => {
       return getChromeVersion() <= 88 || isSafari();
     });
   </script>
   
   <template>
     <div>
       <!-- don't change v-if order, otherwise will report error -->
       <pdfPreviewForOld v-bind="$attrs" v-if="supportedOlderBrowser"></pdfPreviewForOld>
       <pdfPreviewForMordern v-else v-bind="$attrs"></pdfPreviewForMordern>
     </div>
   </template>

6. 上面用到的判断浏览器的方法

   /**
    * Determine whether it is safari browser
    * @return {Boolean} true，false
    */
   export const isSafari = () => getUserAgent().indexOf('safari') > -1 && !isChrome(); 
   
   /**
    * Determine whether it is chrome browser
    * @return {Boolean} true，false
    */
   export const isChrome = () => /chrome/.test(getUserAgent()) && !/chromium/.test(getUserAgent());
   
   export const getChromeVersion = () =>{  
     let raw = navigator.userAgent.match(/Chrom(e|ium)\/([0-9]+)\./);
     return raw ? parseInt(raw[2], 10) : false;
   }

7. 导入后预览pdf文件

   <pdf-preview
   :path="picture.originalUrl"
   >
   </pdf-preview>

待优化的问题：

1. 为了兼容需要重复写两个组件，试过动态导入的方式行不通
2. 控制台会报[offsetParent is not set -- cannot scroll]的错误，但是不影响预览