【小贪】项目实战——Zero-shot根据文字提示分割出图片目标掩码

目标描述

给定RGB视频或图片，目标是分割出图像中的指定目标掩码。我们需要复现两个Zero-shot的开源项目，分别为IDEA研究院的GroundingDINO和Facebook的SAM。首先使用目标检测方法GroundingDINO，输入想检测目标的文字提示，可以获得目标的anchor box。将上一步获得的box信息作为SAM的提示，分割出目标mask。具体效果如下（测试数据来自VolumeDeform数据集）：

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其中GroundingDINO根据white shirt的文字输入计算的box信息为："shirt_000500": "[194.23726, 2.378189, 524.09503, 441.5135]"。项目实测下来单张图片的预测速度GroundingDINO要慢于SAM。GroundingDINO和SAM均会给出多个预测结果，当选择置信度最高的结果时两个模型也会存在预测不准确的情况。

论文简介

GroundingDINO

GroundingDINO extends a closedset detector DINO by performing vision-language modality fusion at multiple phases, including a feature enhancer, a language-guided query selection module, and a cross-modality decoder. Such a deep fusion strategy effectively improves open-set object detection.

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SAM

简介：使用三个组件建立图像分割的foundation model，解决一系列下游分割问题，可zero-shot生成
关键技术：
1. promptable分割任务：使用prompt engineering，prompt不确定时输出多目标mask
2. 分割模型：image encoder + prompt encoder -> mask decoder
3. 数据驱动：SA-1B（1B masks from 11M imgs）手工标注->半自动->全自动
Limitation：存在不连贯不精细的mask结果；交互式实时mask生成但是img encoder耗时；text-to-mask任务效果不鲁棒

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项目实战

两个项目的复现很简单，按照github的readme配置相关环境并运行程序。当然也可以直接使用一站式项目Grounded Segment Anything等。当需要分割的图片较多时，可以修改GroundingDINO的demo.sh和demo/inference_on_a_image.py文件将检测结果保存至json文件。

demo/inference_on_a_image.py文件

# 修改plot_boxes_to_image函数输出box信息
image_with_box, mask, box_coor = plot_boxes_to_image(image_pil, pred_dict)
# obj为目标名称，i为当前图片的索引
obj = 'shirt'
data = {f'{obj}_{str(i).zfill(6)}': str(list(box_coor.cpu().detach().numpy()))}
with open("box.json", "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
    old_data = json.load(f)
    old_data.update(data)
with open("box.json", "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
    json.dump(old_data, f, indent=4)
    # f.write(json.dumps(old_data, indent=4, ensure_ascii=False))
f.close()

然后SAM再读取json文件获取box信息，将SAM的输入提示改为box。

测试代码

import os
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import cv2
import glob
import json

coords = []

def show_mask(mask, ax, random_color=False):
    if random_color:
        color = np.concatenate([np.random.random(3), np.array([0.6])], axis=0)
    else:
        color = np.array([30 / 255, 144 / 255, 255 / 255, 0.6])
    h, w = mask.shape[-2:]
    mask_image = mask.reshape(h, w, 1) * color.reshape(1, 1, -1)
    ax.imshow(mask_image)


def show_points(coords, labels, ax, marker_size=375):
    pos_points = coords[labels == 1]
    neg_points = coords[labels == 0]
    ax.scatter(pos_points[:, 0], pos_points[:, 1], color='green', marker='*', s=marker_size, edgecolor='white',
               linewidth=1.25)
    ax.scatter(neg_points[:, 0], neg_points[:, 1], color='red', marker='*', s=marker_size, edgecolor='white',
               linewidth=1.25)


def show_box(box, ax):
    x0, y0 = box[0], box[1]
    w, h = box[2] - box[0], box[3] - box[1]
    ax.add_patch(plt.Rectangle((x0, y0), w, h, edgecolor='green', facecolor=(0, 0, 0, 0), lw=2))


def on_click(event):
    global coords
    if event.button == 1:
        x, y = event.xdata, event.ydata
        print(f"鼠标左键点击：x={x:.2f}, y={y:.2f}")
        coords.append([x, y])
        # if len(coords) == 2:
        #     fig.canvas.mpl_disconnect(cid)
    elif event.button == 3:
        print("鼠标右键点击")


def get_mask(image, mask_id=1, click_coords=False, choose_mask=False, box=None):
    image = cv2.cvtColor(image, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB)
    # plt.figure(figsize=(10, 10))
    # plt.imshow(image)
    # plt.axis('on')

    if click_coords:
        global coords
        fig, ax = plt.subplots()  # 创建画布和子图对象
        fig.set_size_inches(30, 20)  # 设置宽度和高度，单位为英寸（inch）
        ax.imshow(image)
        cid = fig.canvas.mpl_connect('button_press_event', on_click)
        plt.show()
    else:  # 如果使用 必须全局
        coords = []

    from segment_anything import SamPredictor, sam_model_registry
    sam_checkpoint = "sam_vit_h_4b8939.pth"
    model_type = "vit_h"
    device = "cuda"
    sam = sam_model_registry[model_type](checkpoint=sam_checkpoint)
    sam.to(device=device)
    predictor = SamPredictor(sam)
    predictor.set_image(image)

    input_point = np.array(coords)
    input_label = np.array([1] * len(coords))

    # plt.figure(figsize=(10, 10))
    # plt.imshow(image)
    # show_points(input_point, input_label, plt.gca())
    # plt.axis('on')
    # plt.show()

    input_box = box
    if len(coords) == 0:
        input_point = None
        input_label = None
    masks, scores, logits = predictor.predict(
        point_coords=input_point,
        point_labels=input_label,
        box=input_box[None, :],
        multimask_output=True)

    if choose_mask:
        plt.figure(figsize=(60, 20))
        plt.subplot(1, 3, 1)
        plt.imshow(image)
        show_mask(masks[0], plt.gca())
        # show_points(input_point, input_label, plt.gca())
        plt.title(f"Mask 0, Score: {scores[0]:.3f}", fontsize=18)
        plt.subplot(1, 3, 2)
        plt.imshow(image)
        show_mask(masks[1], plt.gca())
        # show_points(input_point, input_label, plt.gca())
        plt.title(f"Mask 1, Score: {scores[1]:.3f}", fontsize=18)
        plt.subplot(1, 3, 3)
        plt.imshow(image)
        show_mask(masks[2], plt.gca())
        # show_points(input_point, input_label, plt.gca())
        plt.title(f"Mask 2, Score: {scores[1]:.3f}", fontsize=18)
        plt.show()
        mask_id = int(input())  # 通过输入idx或者设置特定的idx输出

    mask = masks[mask_id]
    mask = np.tile(np.expand_dims(mask, axis=-1), 3)
    mask_data = np.where(mask, 255, 0)
    # mask_image = np.where(mask, image/255, 0.)
    # plt.figure(figsize=(10, 10))
    # plt.imshow(mask_image)
    # plt.show()
    if click_coords: coords.clear()
    return mask_data


if __name__ == '__main__':
    obj = 'shirt'
    color_path = f'/Data/VolumeDeformData/{obj}/data/'
    mask_path = f'/Data/VolumeDeformData/{obj}/mask/'
    if not os.path.exists(mask_path):
        os.makedirs(mask_path)

    img_paths = []
    for extension in ["jpg", "png", "jpeg"]:
        img_paths += glob.glob(os.path.join(color_path, "*.{}".format(extension)))

    json_path = 'GroundingDINO-main/box.json'
    with open(json_path, "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
        data = json.load(f)
        for i in range(len(img_paths) // 2):
            img_name = f'frame-{str(i).zfill(6)}.color.png'
            img = cv2.imread(color_path + img_name)
            id = f'{obj}_{str(i).zfill(6)}'
            box = np.array(list(map(float, data[id][1:-1].split(','))))
            mask = get_mask(img, mask_id=2, click_coords=False, choose_mask=False, box=box)
            cv2.imwrite(mask_path + str(i).zfill(6) + '.png', mask)
            print(img_name)
    f.close()