1、迭代器适配器

2、插入迭代器

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <list>
using namespace std;

void showVec(const vector<int>& v)
{
    for (vector<int>::const_iterator it = v.begin(); it != v.end(); ++it)
    {
        cout << *it << ' ';
    }
    cout << endl;
}

void showList(const list<int>& l)
{
    for (list<int>::const_iterator it = l.begin(); it != l.end(); ++it)
    {
        cout << *it << ' ';
    }
    cout << endl;
}
int main() {
    int a[] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
    vector<int> v(a, a + 5);
    //v.push_back(6);

    back_insert_iterator<vector<int>> bii(v);
    *bii = 6; // 重载=运算符，在重载里面调用push_back
    showVec(v);

    vector<int> v2;
    back_insert_iterator<vector<int>> bii2(v2);
    copy(v.begin(), v.end(), bii2);
    showVec(v2);

    back_inserter(v) = 7;
    showVec(v);

    copy(v.begin(), v.end(), back_inserter(v2));
    showVec(v2);

    list<int> l(a, a + 5);
    front_insert_iterator<list<int>> fii(l);
    fii = 0;
    showList(l);

    list<int> l2;
    copy(l.begin(), l.end(), front_inserter(l2));
    showList(l2);
    return 0;
}

// 输出
1 2 3 4 5 6
1 2 3 4 5 6
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
0 1 2 3 4 5
5 4 3 2 1 0

3、IO流迭代器

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <list>
#include <iterator>

using namespace std;

int main() {
    int a[] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};

    // 输出流迭代器
    vector<int> v(a, a + 5);
    copy(v.begin(), v.end(), ostream_iterator<int>(cout, " "));
    cout << endl;

    // 输入流迭代器
    vector<int> v2;
    // copy from cin to vector
    copy(istream_iterator<int>(cin), istream_iterator<int>(), back_inserter(v2));
    // copy from vector to cout
    copy(v2.begin(), v2.end(), ostream_iterator<int>(cout, " "));
    return 0;
}
// 输出
1 2 3 4 5
1 5 6 8 4 
^D
1 5 6 8 4