springboot 3.x 之集成rabbitmq实现动态发送消息给不同的队列

背景

实际项目中遇到针对不同类型的消息，发送消息到不同的队列，而且队列可能还不存在，需要动态创建，于是写了如下代码，实践发现没啥问题，这里分享下。

环境

springboot 3.2
JDK 17

rabbitMQ模型介绍

在这里插入图片描述
图片来自参考链接表中的一篇介绍

注意，下面例子用到的是Direct模型

依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>

配置

spring.rabbitmq.host=xxx
spring.rabbitmq.port=5672
spring.rabbitmq.username=xxx
spring.rabbitmq.password=xxx
spring.rabbitmq.virtual-host=/
#开启发布确认回调
spring.rabbitmq.publisher-confirm-type=correlated
spring.rabbitmq.publisher-returns=true
spring.rabbitmq.listener.simple.retry.enabled=true
spring.rabbitmq.listener.simple.retry.max-attempts=3
spring.rabbitmq.listener.simple.retry.initial-interval=10000ms

关键代码

    @Resource
    private ConnectionFactory connectionFactory;
    //这里指定一个exchange，之后会根据routeKey动态绑定不同的队列
    @Value("${rabbitmq.msgExchangeName:MsgExchange}")
    private String registerExchangeName;

    @Test
    void contextLoads() {
    }

    @Test
    void testMQ(){
        try (Connection connection = connectionFactory.createConnection();
             Channel channel = connection.createChannel(false)) {
            String msgType = "bus_error";
            // Declare an exchange
            String exchangeName = registerExchangeName;
            channel.exchangeDeclare(exchangeName, BuiltinExchangeType.DIRECT, true);
            // Generate a unique queue name
            String queueName = "msg_" + msgType;
            channel.queueDeclare(queueName, true, false, false, null);
            // Define the routing key
            channel.queueBind(queueName, exchangeName, msgType);
            // Send a message to the exchange
            String message = "Hello, RabbitMQ!";
            channel.basicPublish(exchangeName, msgType, null, message.getBytes());
        } catch (IOException | TimeoutException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }