在 UniApp 中实现后台保活定位能力通常涉及几个关键步骤，包括获取定位权限、实现定位功能、处理后台定位以及确保应用在后台时能够持续定位。以下是一个基本的指南：

1. 系统定位

IOS系统

首先开启系统定位能力

需要配置后台运行能力

注意：本地测试需要打自定义基座包 才行

 代码实现(可进行定时获取，实现后台实时定位能力)

    			uni.getLocation({
					type: 'wgs84',
					success: function(res) {
						console.log('系统当前地址' + JSON.stringify(res))
					}
				});

安卓系统

/utils/location.js

export default {
	//检测是否开启系统定位权限
	hasLocationPermission() {
		let system = uni.getSystemInfoSync();
		if (system.platform === 'android') { //安卓
			let context = plus.android.importClass("android.content.Context");
			let locationManager = plus.android.importClass("android.location.LocationManager");
			let main = plus.android.runtimeMainActivity();
			let service = main.getSystemService(context.LOCATION_SERVICE);
			//已开启系统定位服务功能
			if (service.isProviderEnabled(locationManager.GPS_PROVIDER)) return true;
			else { //未开启引导开启
				uni.showModal({
					title: '友情提示',
					content: '请开启位置服务功能',
					success: e => {
						if (e.confirm) {
							//打开手机系统gps定位设置页面
							let Intent = plus.android.importClass('android.content.Intent');
							let Settings = plus.android.importClass('android.provider.Settings');
							let intent = new Intent(Settings.ACTION_LOCATION_SOURCE_SETTINGS);
							main.startActivity(intent);
						}
					}
				})
				// return false
			}
		} else if (system.platform === 'ios') { //ios
			let cllocationManger = plus.ios.import("CLLocationManager");
			let enable = cllocationManger.locationServicesEnabled();
			let status = cllocationManger.authorizationStatus();
			plus.ios.deleteObject(cllocationManger);
			if (enable && status != 2) return true; //已开启定位功能
			else {
				// return false
				uni.showModal({
					title: '友情提示',
					content: '请前往设置-定位服务打开定位服务功能',
					success: e => {
						if (e.confirm) {
							let UIApplication = plus.ios.import("UIApplication");
							let application = UIApplication.sharedApplication();
							let NSURL = plus.ios.import("NSURL");
							let setting = NSURL.URLWithString("app-settings:");
							application.openURL(setting);
							plus.ios.deleteObject(setting);
							plus.ios.deleteObject(NSURL);
							plus.ios.deleteObject(application);
						}
					}
				});
			}
		}
		return false;
	},
	gotoLocationSetting() {
		let system = uni.getSystemInfoSync();
		if (system.platform === 'ios') {
			let UIApplication = plus.ios.import("UIApplication");
			let application = UIApplication.sharedApplication();
			let NSURL = plus.ios.import("NSURL");
			let setting = NSURL.URLWithString("app-settings:");
			application.openURL(setting);
			plus.ios.deleteObject(setting);
			plus.ios.deleteObject(NSURL);
			plus.ios.deleteObject(application);
		} else {
			let main = plus.android.runtimeMainActivity();
			//打开手机系统gps定位设置页面
			let Intent = plus.android.importClass('android.content.Intent');
			let Settings = plus.android.importClass('android.provider.Settings');
			let intent = new Intent(Settings.ACTION_LOCATION_SOURCE_SETTINGS);
			main.startActivity(intent);
		}
	},
	gotoAppSetting() {
		let system = uni.getSystemInfoSync();
		if (system.platform === 'ios') {
			var UIApplication = plus.ios.import("UIApplication");
			var application2 = UIApplication.sharedApplication();
			var NSURL2 = plus.ios.import("NSURL");
			var setting2 = NSURL2.URLWithString("app-settings:");
			application2.openURL(setting2);
			plus.ios.deleteObject(setting2);
			plus.ios.deleteObject(NSURL2);
			plus.ios.deleteObject(application2);
		} else {
			var Intent = plus.android.importClass("android.content.Intent");
			var Settings = plus.android.importClass("android.provider.Settings");
			var Uri = plus.android.importClass("android.net.Uri");
			var mainActivity = plus.android.runtimeMainActivity();
			var intent = new Intent();
			intent.setAction(Settings.ACTION_APPLICATION_DETAILS_SETTINGS);
			var uri = Uri.fromParts("package", mainActivity.getPackageName(), null);
			intent.setData(uri);
			mainActivity.startActivity(intent);
		}
	},
	/**开启后台持续获取定位功能
	 * successCallBack:成功回调函数
	 *failCallBack:失败回调函数 
	 *maximumAge：获取定位间隔时间
	 */
	startLocationService(successCallBack = () => {}, failCallBack = () => {}, maximumAge = 10 * 1000) {
		if (this.hasLocationPermission()) { //有定位权限
			let locationWatcherId = plus.geolocation.watchPosition((position) => {
				console.log(position);
				successCallBack({
					locationWatcherId,
					position: position.coords
				})
			}, function(e) {
				console.log(e, '定位失败');
				failCallBack(e)
			}, {
				provider: 'system', //优先使用定位模块，“system”：表示系统定位模块，支持wgs84坐标系； “baidu”：表示百度定位模块，支持gcj02/bd09/bd09ll坐标系； “amap”：表示高德定位模板，支持gcj02坐标系，默认值按以下优先顺序获取（amap>baidu>system）
				// timeout: 10000, //定位超时
				enableHighAccuracy: false, //高精确度获取位置信息
				coordsType: "wgs84", //坐标系类型, “wgs84”：表示WGS-84坐标系； “gcj02”：表示国测局经纬度坐标系,"bd09":百度地图使用的坐标系
				//geocode:false//是否解析地址
				geocode: true,
				maximumAge: maximumAge,
			});

		}
	},
	//关闭定位功能
	closeLocationService(locationWatcherId) { //locationWatcherId:开启步骤生成的监听器id
		plus.geolocation.clearWatch(locationWatcherId)
	},
}

调用：

import locationWatcher from '@/utils/location.js'

// 其他代码...

let locationWatcherId;
locationWatcher.startLocationService(e => {
	let {
		latitude,
		longitude
	} = e.position
	console.log('地位中', e)

	if (!locationWatcherId) {
		locationWatcherId = e.locationWatcherId //举例保存到data，实际可以缓存到全局
	}
}, (e) => {
	console.log(e, '定位失败')
}, 10 * 1000)

 

2. 第三方SDK定位（高德定位）

勾选相应的定位模块

 申请相关的key，根据后面的获取方式步骤进行申请即可；

    			uni.getLocation({
					type: 'gcj02',
					success: function(res) {
						console.log('高德当前地址' + JSON.stringify(res))
					}
				});

 注意：系统定位只支持 wgs84 gps 坐标系， 不设置type默认就会使用系统定位返回 wgs84 坐标，如果设置了 gcj02 类型，那就会使用高德定位。