设计模式-抽象工厂(创建型）

创建型-抽象工厂

角色

抽象工厂：声明创建一个族产品对象的方法，每个方法对应一中产品，抽象工厂可以是接口，也可以是抽象类；
具体工厂：实现抽象工厂接口，复杂创建具体的一族产品；
抽象产品：定义一类产品的公共接口，描述一类产品的特定行为或者属性；
具体产品：实现抽象产品接口，定义具体产品的特定行为和属性；

其中，一族的概念可根据业务情况进行分族。比如：形状，颜色可分为两个族，再比如，植物，动物也可以分为两个族。族的概念根据区分维度不同可分为不同的族；

图解

在这里插入图片描述

实现案例

这个案例中按照年龄将人分为小孩，老年人，中年人三族，产品分为上衣、裤子、鞋子三个种类；其中实现了老年人和小孩两个族衣服的抽象工厂。

抽象产品类：

/** 上衣抽象类*/
public abstract class Jacket {
    public abstract void wearJacket();
}

/** 鞋子抽象类*/
public abstract class Shoes {
    public abstract void wearShoes();
}

/** 裤子抽象类*/
public abstract class Trousers {
    public abstract void wearTrousers();
}

具体产品类：

/** 小孩衣服的具体类*/

public class ChildishJacket extends Jacket {
    @Override
    public void wearJacket() {
        System.out.println("小孩的上衣");
    }
}
public class ChildishShoes extends Shoes {

    @Override
    public void wearShoes() {
        System.out.println("小孩的鞋子");
    }
}
public class ChildishTrousers extends Trousers {
    @Override
    public void wearTrousers() {
        System.out.println("小孩的裤子");
    }
}


/** 老年人衣服的具体类*/
public class OldJacket extends Jacket {
    @Override
    public void wearJacket() {
        System.out.println("老年人上衣");
    }
}
public class OldTrousers extends Trousers {
    @Override
    public void wearTrousers() {
        System.out.println("老年人的裤子");
    }
}
public class OldShoes extends Shoes {
    @Override
    public void wearShoes() {
        System.out.println("老年人的鞋子");
    }
}

抽象工厂类：

/** 生产衣服的抽象工厂*/
public abstract class AbstractClothesFactory {
    public abstract Jacket createJacket();
    public abstract Shoes createShoes();
    public abstract Trousers createTrousers();
}

具体工厂类：

/** 儿童衣服生产工厂*/
public class ChildishClothesFactory extends AbstractClothesFactory {
    private static ChildishClothesFactory INSTANCE = new ChildishClothesFactory();
    public static ChildishClothesFactory getInstance(){
        return INSTANCE;
    }
    @Override
    public Jacket createJacket() {
        return new ChildishJacket();
    }

    @Override
    public Shoes createShoes() {
        return new ChildishShoes();
    }

    @Override
    public Trousers createTrousers() {
        return new ChildishTrousers();
    }
}

/** 老年人衣服生产工厂*/
public class OldClothesFactory extends AbstractClothesFactory{
    private static OldClothesFactory INSTANCE = new OldClothesFactory();

    public static OldClothesFactory getInstance(){
        return INSTANCE;
    }

    @Override
    public Jacket createJacket() {
        return new OldJacket();
    }

    @Override
    public Shoes createShoes() {
        return new OldShoes();
    }

    @Override
    public Trousers createTrousers() {
        return new OldTrousers();
    }
}

使用：

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //生产儿童一族的衣服
        ChildishClothesFactory childishClothesFactory = ChildishClothesFactory.getInstance();
        Jacket childishJacket = childishClothesFactory.createJacket();
        Shoes childishShoes = childishClothesFactory.createShoes();
        Trousers childishTrousers = childishClothesFactory.createTrousers();
        //生产老年人一族的衣服
        OldClothesFactory oldClothesFactory = OldClothesFactory.getInstance();
        Jacket oldJacket = oldClothesFactory.createJacket();
        Shoes oldShoes = oldClothesFactory.createShoes();
        Trousers oldTrousers = oldClothesFactory.createTrousers();

        childishJacket.wearJacket();
        oldJacket.wearJacket();
    }
}