Mysql常见问题总结

1、MySQL初始化报错

mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --console
2024-06-02T15:52:22.645557Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] D:\installSoft\mysql-8.0.21-winx64\bin\mysqld.exe (mysqld 8.0.21) initializing of server in progress as process 8980
2024-06-02T15:52:22.646546Z 0 [Warning] [MY-013242] [Server] --character-set-server: ‘utf8’ is currently an alias for the character set UTF8MB3, but will be an alias for UTF8MB4 in a future release. Please consider using UTF8MB4 in order to be unambiguous.
2024-06-02T15:52:22.647416Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-010457] [Server] --initialize specified but the data directory has files in it. Aborting.
2024-06-02T15:52:22.647424Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-013236] [Server] The designated data directory D:\installSoft\mysql-8.0.21-winx64\data\ is unusable. You can remove all files that the server added to it.
2024-06-02T15:52:22.648031Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-010119] [Server] Aborting
2024-06-02T15:52:22.648274Z 0 [System] [MY-010910] [Server] D:\installSoft\mysql-8.0.21-winx64\bin\mysqld.exe: Shutdown complete (mysqld 8.0.21) MySQL Community Server - GPL.

这段日志的大致翻译如下

2024-06-02T15:52:22.645557Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] D:\installSoft\mysql-8.0.21-winx64\bin\mysqld.exe (mysqld 8.0.21) 正在初始化服务器，进程号为 8980。
2024-06-02T15:52:22.646546Z 0 [Warning] [MY-013242] [Server] --character-set-server: 'utf8' 目前是字符集 UTF8MB3 的别名，但在将来的版本中将会成为 UTF8MB4 的别名。请考虑使用 UTF8MB4 以避免歧义。
2024-06-02T15:52:22.647416Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-010457] [Server] 指定了 --initialize，但数据目录中已存在文件。初始化过程被终止。
2024-06-02T15:52:22.647424Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-013236] [Server] 指定的数据目录 D:\installSoft\mysql-8.0.21-winx64\data\ 无法使用。您可以删除服务器添加到其中的所有文件。
2024-06-02T15:52:22.648031Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-010119] [Server] 终止运行。
2024-06-02T15:52:22.648274Z 0 [System] [MY-010910] [Server] D:\installSoft\mysql-8.0.21-winx64\bin\mysqld.exe: 关闭完成 (mysqld 8.0.21)  MySQL 社区服务器 - GPL。