1.安装Docker
sudo mkdir -p /etc/docker
sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
{
"registry-mirrors":["https://hub-mirror.c.163.com"]
}
EOFexport DOWNLOAD_URL="https://hub-mirror.163.com/docker-ce"curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com/ |sh检查docker版本查看是否安装成功
docker -v安装Docker-compose
sudo curl -L "https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.29.2/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m)" -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose检查版本
docker-compose -v
2.安装prometheus
通过克隆gitee的代码来进行安装Prometheus
因为docker-compose安装Prometheus需要进行大量的配置,这里推荐直接从gitee上克隆已经配置好的docker-compose文件
mkdir /data
cd /data
git clone https://gitee.com/linge365/docker-prometheus.git
cd docker-prometheus当然以上这一步需要安装git,也可以直接访问https://gitee.com/linge365/docker-prometheus.git 下载对应的压缩包,解压后移动到/data目录下即可
运行prometheus
运行命令
cd /data/docker-prometheus
docker-compose up -d检查是否运行成功
查看正在运行的docker容器
docker ps[root@node1 bak]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
932d17a43046 grafana/grafana:9.4.3 "/run.sh" 4 hours ago Up 15 seconds 0.0.0.0:3000->3000/tcp, :::3000->3000/tcp grafana
69256ba5c47e prom/prometheus:v2.37.6 "/bin/prometheus --c…" 4 hours ago Up 16 seconds 0.0.0.0:9090->9090/tcp, :::9090->9090/tcp prometheus
dbf5c7d39319 google/cadvisor:latest "/usr/bin/cadvisor -…" 4 hours ago Up 15 seconds 8080/tcp cadvisor
e9b1088b5767 prom/alertmanager:v0.25.0 "/bin/alertmanager -…" 4 hours ago Up 15 seconds 0.0.0.0:9093->9093/tcp, :::9093->9093/tcp alertmanager
b41ff00ca41b prom/node-exporter:v1.5.0 "/bin/node_exporter …" 4 hours ago Up 16 seconds 0.0.0.0:9100->9100/tcp, :::9100->9100/tcp node-exporter
到这里对应的容器就全部启动了,这里需要将对应的端口开放进行访问(云服务器需要开放对应的安全组或者防火墙),然后通过服务器ip+端口号在浏览器中即可访问.(很重要)
web访问地址
| 应用 | 访问地址 | 备注 |
|---|---|---|
| prometheus | http://127.0.0.1:9090 | 无用户和密码 |
| grafana | http://127.0.0.1:3000 | admin/XXX |
| altermanager | http://127.0.0.1:9093 | 无用户和密码 |
| node-exporter | http://127.0.0.1:9100/metrics | 无用户和密码 |
遇到问题了，我再本机可以访问这些端口，但是再其他机器上无法访问端口，
1.防火墙拦截
查看防火墙状态firewall-cmd --state
关闭防火墙systemctl stop firewalld.service
禁止防火墙开机启动systemctl disable firewalld.service
或者打开防火墙，但防火墙开放映射的端口
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3000/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=9000/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=9090/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=9100/tcp --permanent 等等
2.没有开启ip转发
查看是否开启
# 1.查看是否开启，若不等于1则没有开启
sysctl net.ipv4.ip_forward
# 2.修改sysctl.conf文件开启
vim /etc/sysctl.conf
# 3，配置=1
net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
# 4. 重启网络，让配置生效
systemctl restart network
# 5.再次查看是否等于1
sysctl net.ipv4.ip_forward
3.做完上述操作，一定要systemctl restart docker 。否则也不会好使。
3.检查各个端口程序
3.1grafana
这里grafana的配置文件中默认配置的密码为password,所以直接输入admin/password即可访问成功.
添加数据源
在下方齿轮图标选择添加数据源
选择Prometheus作为数据源
填写Prometheus的地址,这里的ip需要将服务名作为地址填写在URL中 我填写的内容是http://10.23.3.2:9090
下滑到最下方测试并保存
导入仪表盘
选择左边仪表盘图标点击导入
这里需要导入一个仪表盘的URL或者id
我填写的是1860
也可以直接访问https://grafana.com/grafana/dashboards/路径进入官网进行复制,直接选择Node Exproter Full
选择Copy ID
然后粘贴到刚刚的输入框中,点击加载(Load)按钮
然后选择Prometheus作为数据源
点击导入,即可进入仪表盘界面
8919的界面
16098 job分组的
添加精简导出器
我这边根据网络上面的dashardboard进行修改，使用在工作中的dashboard如下图。
在import中不输入1860，而是在下面json中输入一下内容
{
"annotations": {
"list": [
{
"builtIn": 1,
"datasource": "-- Grafana --",
"enable": true,
"hide": true,
"iconColor": "rgba(0, 211, 255, 1)",
"name": "Annotations & Alerts",
"type": "dashboard"
}
]
},
"description": "node-exporter",
"editable": true,
"gnetId": 8919,
"graphTooltip": 1,
"id": 131,
"iteration": 1569546050404,
"links": [],
"panels": [
{
"collapsed": false,
"gridPos": {
"h": 1,
"w": 24,
"x": 0,
"y": 0
},
"id": 180,
"panels": [],
"repeat": null,
"title": "基础信息",
"type": "row"
},
{
"cacheTimeout": null,
"colorBackground": false,
"colorPostfix": false,
"colorPrefix": false,
"colorValue": true,
"colors": [
"rgba(245, 54, 54, 0.9)",
"rgba(237, 129, 40, 0.89)",
"rgba(50, 172, 45, 0.97)"
],
"datasource": "Prometheus",
"decimals": 1,
"description": "",
"format": "s",
"gauge": {
"maxValue": 100,
"minValue": 0,
"show": false,
"thresholdLabels": false,
"thresholdMarkers": true
},
"gridPos": {
"h": 5,
"w": 2,
"x": 0,
"y": 1
},
"hideTimeOverride": true,
"id": 15,
"interval": null,
"links": [],
"mappingType": 1,
"mappingTypes": [
{
"name": "value to text",
"value": 1
},
{
"name": "range to text",
"value": 2
}
],
"maxDataPoints": 100,
"nullPointMode": "null",
"nullText": null,
"postfix": "",
"postfixFontSize": "50%",
"prefix": "",
"prefixFontSize": "50%",
"rangeMaps": [
{
"from": "null",
"text": "N/A",
"to": "null"
}
],
"sparkline": {
"fillColor": "rgba(31, 118, 189, 0.18)",
"full": false,
"lineColor": "rgb(31, 120, 193)",
"show": false
},
"tableColumn": "",
"targets": [
{
"expr": "time() - node_boot_time_seconds{instance=~\"$instance\"}",
"format": "time_series",
"hide": false,
"instant": true,
"intervalFactor": 2,
"legendFormat": "",
"refId": "A",
"step": 40
}
],
"thresholds": "1,2",
"title": "系统运行时间",
"transparent": true,
"type": "singlestat",
"valueFontSize": "100%",
"valueMaps": [
{
"op": "=",
"text": "N/A",
"value": "null"
}
],
"valueName": "current"
},
{
"cacheTimeout": null,
"colorBackground": false,
"colorPostfix": false,
"colorValue": true,
"colors": [
"rgba(245, 54, 54, 0.9)",
"rgba(237, 129, 40, 0.89)",
"rgba(50, 172, 45, 0.97)"
],
"datasource": "Prometheus",
"description": "",
"format": "short",
"gauge": {
"maxValue": 100,
"minValue": 0,
"show": false,
"thresholdLabels": false,
"thresholdMarkers": true
},
"gridPos": {
"h": 2,
"w": 2,
"x": 2,
"y": 1
},
"id": 14,
"interval": null,
"links": [],
"mappingType": 1,
"mappingTypes": [
{
"name": "value to text",
"value": 1
},
{
"name": "range to text",
"value": 2
}
],
"maxDataPoints": 100,
"minSpan": 4,
"nullPointMode": "null",
"nullText": null,
"postfix": "",
"postfixFontSize": "50%",
"prefix": "",
"prefixFontSize": "50%",
"rangeMaps": [
{
"from": "null",
"text": "N/A",
"to": "null"
}
],
"sparkline": {
"fillColor": "rgba(31, 118, 189, 0.18)",
"full": false,
"lineColor": "rgb(31, 120, 193)",
"show": false
},
"tableColumn": "",
"targets": [
{
"expr": "count(count(node_cpu_seconds_total{instance=~\"$instance\", mode='system',job=\"$job\"}) by (cpu))",
"format": "time_series",
"instant": true,
"intervalFactor": 1,
"legendFormat": "",
"refId": "A",
"step": 20
}
],
"thresholds": "1,2",
"title": "CPU 核数",
"transparent": true,
"type": "singlestat",
"valueFontSize": "100%",
"valueMaps": [
{
"op": "=",
"text": "N/A",
"value": "null"
}
],
"valueName": "current"
},
{
"cacheTimeout": null,
"colorBackground": false,
"colorValue": true,
"colors": [
"rgba(50, 172, 45, 0.97)",
"rgba(237, 129, 40, 0.89)",
"rgba(245, 54, 54, 0.9)"
],
"datasource": "Prometheus",
"decimals": 2,
"description": "",
"format": "percent",
"gauge": {
"maxValue": 100,
"minValue": 0,
"show": true,
"thresholdLabels": false,
"thresholdMarkers": true
},
"gridPos": {
"h": 5,
"w": 3,
"x": 4,
"y": 1
},
"id": 167,
"interval": null,
"links": [],
"mappingType": 1,
"mappingTypes": [
{
"name": "value to text",
"value": 1
},
{
"name": "range to text",
"value": 2
}
],
"maxDataPoints": 100,
"minSpan": 2,
"nullPointMode": "null",
"nullText": null,
"postfix": "",
"postfixFontSize": "50%",
"prefix": "",
"prefixFontSize": "50%",
"rangeMaps": [
{
"from": "null",
"text": "N/A",
"to": "null"
}
],
"sparkline": {
"fillColor": "rgba(31, 118, 189, 0.18)",
"full": false,
"lineColor": "rgb(31, 120, 193)",
"show": true
},
"tableColumn": "",
"targets": [
{
"expr": "100 - (avg(irate(node_cpu_seconds_total{instance=~\"$instance\",mode=\"idle\",job=\"$job\"}[1m])) * 100)",
"format": "time_series",
"hide": false,
"interval": "",
"intervalFactor": 1,
"legendFormat": "",
"refId": "A",
"step": 20
}
],
"thresholds": "50,80",
"title": "CPU使用率（1m）",
"transparent": true,
"type": "singlestat",
"valueFontSize": "80%",
"valueMaps": [
{
"op": "=",
"text": "N/A",
"value": "null"
}
],
"valueName": "current"
},
{
"cacheTimeout": null,
"colorBackground": false,
"colorValue": true,
"colors": [
"rgba(50, 172, 45, 0.97)",
"rgba(237, 129, 40, 0.89)",
"rgba(245, 54, 54, 0.9)"
],
"datasource": "Prometheus",
"decimals": 2,
"description": "",
"format": "percent",
"gauge": {
"maxValue": 100,
"minValue": 0,
"show": true,
"thresholdLabels": false,
"thresholdMarkers": true
},
"gridPos": {
"h": 5,
"w": 3,
"x": 7,
"y": 1
},
"id": 20,
"interval": null,
"links": [],
"mappingType": 1,
"mappingTypes": [
{
"name": "value to text",
"value": 1
},
{
"name": "range to text",
"value": 2
}
],
"maxDataPoints": 100,
"minSpan": 2,
"nullPointMode": "null",
"nullText": null,
"postfix": "",
"postfixFontSize": "50%",
"prefix": "",
"prefixFontSize": "50%",
"rangeMaps": [
{
"from": "null",
"text": "N/A",
"to": "null"
}
],
"sparkline": {
"fillColor": "rgba(31, 118, 189, 0.18)",
"full": false,
"lineColor": "rgb(31, 120, 193)",
"show": true
},
"tableColumn": "",
"targets": [
{
"expr": "avg(irate(node_cpu_seconds_total{instance=~\"$instance\",mode=\"iowait\",job=\"$job\"}[1m])) * 100",
"format": "time_series",
"hide": false,
"interval": "",
"intervalFactor": 1,
"legendFormat": "",
"refId": "A",
"step": 20
}
],
"thresholds": "10,20",
"title": "CPU iowait（1m）",
"transparent": true,
"type": "singlestat",
"valueFontSize": "80%",
"valueMaps": [
{
"op": "=",
"text": "N/A",
"value": "null"
}
],
"valueName": "current"
},
{
"cacheTimeout": null,
"colorBackground": false,
"colorValue": true,
"colors": [
"rgba(50, 172, 45, 0.97)",
"rgba(237, 129, 40, 0.89)",
"rgba(245, 54, 54, 0.9)"
],
"datasource": "Prometheus",
"decimals": 0,
"description": "",
"format": "percent",
"gauge": {
"maxValue": 100,
"minValue": 0,
"show": true,
"thresholdLabels": false,
"thresholdMarkers": true
},
"gridPos": {
"h": 5,
"w": 3,
"x": 10,
"y": 1
},
"hideTimeOverride": false,
"id": 172,
"interval": null,
"links": [],
"mappingType": 1,
"mappingTypes": [
{
"name": "value to text",
"value": 1
},
{
"name": "range to text",
"value": 2
}
],
"maxDataPoints": 100,
"minSpan": 4,
"nullPointMode": "null",
"nullText": null,
"postfix": "",
"postfixFontSize": "50%",
"prefix": "",
"prefixFontSize": "50%",
"rangeMaps": [
{
"from": "null",
"text": "N/A",
"to": "null"
}
],
"sparkline": {
"fillColor": "rgba(31, 118, 189, 0.18)",
"full": false,
"lineColor": "rgb(31, 120, 193)",
"show": true
},
"tableColumn": "",
"targets": [
{
"expr": "(1 - (node_memory_MemAvailable_bytes{instance=~\"$instance\",job=\"$job\"} / (node_memory_MemTotal_bytes{instance=~\"$instance\",job=\"$job\"})))* 100",
"format": "time_series",
"hide": false,
"interval": "10s",
"intervalFactor": 1,
"refId": "A",
"step": 20
}
],
"thresholds": "80,90",
"title": "内存使用率",
"transparent": true,
"type": "singlestat",
"valueFontSize": "80%",
"valueMaps": [],
"valueName": "current"
},
{
"cacheTimeout": null,
"colorBackground": false,
"colorPostfix": false,
"colorPrefix": false,
"colorValue": true,
"colors": [
"rgba(50, 172, 45, 0.97)",
"rgba(237, 129, 40, 0.89)",
"rgba(245, 54, 54, 0.9)"
],
"datasource": "Prometheus",
"decimals": 2,
"description": "",
"format": "short",
"gauge": {
"maxValue": 10000,
"minValue": null,
"show": true,
"thresholdLabels": false,
"thresholdMarkers": true
},
"gridPos": {
"h": 5,
"w": 3,
"x": 13,
"y": 1
},
"hideTimeOverride": false,
"id": 16,
"interval": null,
"links": [],
"mappingType": 1,
"mappingTypes": [
{
"name": "value to text",
"value": 1
},
{
"name": "range to text",
"value": 2
}
],
"maxDataPoints": 100,
"minSpan": 4,
"nullPointMode": "null",
"nullText": null,
"postfix": "",
"postfixFontSize": "50%",
"prefix": "",
"prefixFontSize": "50%",
"rangeMaps": [
{
"from": "null",
"text": "N/A",
"to": "null"
}
],
"sparkline": {
"fillColor": "rgba(31, 118, 189, 0.18)",
"full": false,
"lineColor": "rgb(31, 120, 193)",
"show": true
},
"tableColumn": "",
"targets": [
{
"expr": "node_filefd_allocated{instance=~\"$instance\",job=\"$job\"}",
"format": "time_series",
"instant": false,
"interval": "10s",
"intervalFactor": 1,
"refId": "B"
}
],
"thresholds": "7000,9000",
"title": "当前打开的文件描述符",
"transparent": true,
"type": "singlestat",
"valueFontSize": "70%",
"valueMaps": [],
"valueName": "current"
},
{
"cacheTimeout": null,
"colorBackground": false,
"colorValue": true,
"colors": [
"rgba(50, 172, 45, 0.97)",
"rgba(237, 129, 40, 0.89)",
"rgba(245, 54, 54, 0.9)"
],
"datasource": "Prometheus",
"decimals": null,
"description": "",
"format": "percent",
"gauge": {
"maxValue": 100,
"minValue": 0,
"show": true,
"thresholdLabels": false,
"thresholdMarkers": true
},
"gridPos": {
"h": 5,
"w": 4,
"x": 16,
"y": 1
},
"id": 166,
"interval": null,
"links": [],
"mappingType": 1,
"mappingTypes": [
{
"name": "value to text",
"value": 1
},
{
"name": "range to text",
"value": 2
}
],
"maxDataPoints": 100,
"minSpan": 4,
"nullPointMode": "null",
"nullText": null,
"postfix": "",
"postfixFontSize": "50%",
"prefix": "",
"prefixFontSize": "50%",
"rangeMaps": [
{
"from": "null",
"text": "N/A",
"to": "null"
}
],
"repeatDirection": "h",
"sparkline": {
"fillColor": "rgba(31, 118, 189, 0.18)",
"full": false,
"lineColor": "rgb(31, 120, 193)",
"show": true
},
"tableColumn": "",
"targets": [
{
"expr": "100 - ((node_filesystem_avail_bytes{instance=~\"$instance\",mountpoint=\"/\",fstype=~\"ext4|xfs\",job=\"$job\"} * 100) / node_filesystem_size_bytes {instance=~\"$instance\",mountpoint=\"/\",fstype=~\"ext4|xfs\",job=\"$job\"})",
"format": "time_series",
"interval": "10s",
"intervalFactor": 1,
"refId": "A",
"step": 20
}
],
"thresholds": "70,90",
"title": "根分区使用率",
"transparent": true,
"type": "singlestat",
"valueFontSize": "80%",
"valueMaps": [
{
"op": "=",
"text": "N/A",
"value": "null"
}
],
"valueName": "current"
},
{
"cacheTimeout": null,
"colorBackground": false,
"colorValue": true,
"colors": [
"rgba(50, 172, 45, 0.97)",
"rgba(237, 129, 40, 0.89)",
"rgba(245, 54, 54, 0.9)"
],
"datasource": "Prometheus",
"decimals": null,
"description": "通过变量maxmount获取最大的分区。",
"format": "percent",
"gauge": {
"maxValue": 100,
"minValue": 0,
"show": true,
"thresholdLabels": false,
"thresholdMarkers": true
},
"gridPos": {
"h": 5,
"w": 4,
"x": 20,
"y": 1
},
"id": 154,
"interval": null,
"links": [],
"mappingType": 1,
"mappingTypes": [
{
"name": "value to text",
"value": 1
},
{
"name": "range to text",
"value": 2
}
],
"maxDataPoints": 100,
"minSpan": 4,
"nullPointMode": "null",
"nullText": null,
"postfix": "",
"postfixFontSize": "50%",
"prefix": "",
"prefixFontSize": "50%",
"rangeMaps": [
{
"from": "null",
"text": "N/A",
"to": "null"
}
],
"repeat": null,
"repeatDirection": "h",
"sparkline": {
"fillColor": "rgba(31, 118, 189, 0.18)",
"full": false,
"lineColor": "rgb(31, 120, 193)",
"show": true
},
"tableColumn": "",
"targets": [
{
"expr": "100 - ((node_filesystem_avail_bytes{instance=~\"$instance\",mountpoint=\"$maxmount\",fstype=~\"ext4|xfs\",job=\"$job\"} * 100) / node_filesystem_size_bytes {instance=~\"$instance\",mountpoint=\"$maxmount\",fstype=~\"ext4|xfs\",job=\"$job\"})",
"format": "time_series",
"interval": "10s",
"intervalFactor": 1,
"refId": "A",
"step": 20
}
],
"thresholds": "70,90",
"title": "最大分区($maxmount)使用率",
"transparent": true,
"type": "singlestat",
"valueFontSize": "80%",
"valueMaps": [
{
"op": "=",
"text": "N/A",
"value": "null"
}
],
"valueName": "current"
},
{
"cacheTimeout": null,
"colorBackground": false,
"colorValue": true,
"colors": [
"rgba(245, 54, 54, 0.9)",
"rgba(237, 129, 40, 0.89)",
"rgba(50, 172, 45, 0.97)"
],
"datasource": "Prometheus",
"decimals": null,
"description": "",
"format": "bytes",
"gauge": {
"maxValue": 100,
"minValue": 0,
"show": false,
"thresholdLabels": false,
"thresholdMarkers": true
},
"gridPos": {
"h": 3,
"w": 2,
"x": 2,
"y": 3
},
"id": 75,
"interval": null,
"links": [],
"mappingType": 1,
"mappingTypes": [
{
"name": "value to text",
"value": 1
},
{
"name": "range to text",
"value": 2
}
],
"maxDataPoints": 100,
"minSpan": 4,
"nullPointMode": "null",
"nullText": null,
"postfix": "",
"postfixFontSize": "70%",
"prefix": "",
"prefixFontSize": "50%",
"rangeMaps": [
{
"from": "null",
"text": "N/A",
"to": "null"
}
],
"sparkline": {
"fillColor": "rgba(31, 118, 189, 0.18)",
"full": false,
"lineColor": "rgb(31, 120, 193)",
"show": false
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"expr": "node_filesystem_avail_bytes {instance=~'$instance',fstype=~\"ext4|xfs\"}",
"format": "table",
"hide": false,
"instant": true,
"interval": "10s",
"intervalFactor": 1,
"legendFormat": "",
"refId": "A"
},
{
"expr": "1-(node_filesystem_free_bytes{instance=~'$instance',fstype=~\"ext4|xfs\"} / node_filesystem_size_bytes{instance=~'$instance',fstype=~\"ext4|xfs\"})",
"format": "table",
"hide": false,
"instant": true,
"intervalFactor": 1,
"legendFormat": "",
"refId": "B"
},
{
"expr": "((node_filesystem_avail_bytes{instance=~'$instance',fstype=~\"ext4|xfs\"} offset 1d - node_filesystem_avail_bytes{instance=~'$instance',fstype=~\"ext4|xfs\"} ) / node_filesystem_size_bytes{instance=~'$instance',fstype=~\"ext4|xfs\"} * 100 ) ",
"format": "table",
"hide": false,
"instant": true,
"intervalFactor": 1,
"legendFormat": "",
"refId": "C"
}
],
"title": "各分区可用空间",
"transform": "table",
"transparent": true,
"type": "table"
},
{
"collapsed": false,
"gridPos": {
"h": 1,
"w": 24,
"x": 0,
"y": 23
},
"id": 184,
"panels": [],
"title": "Network",
"type": "row"
},
{
"aliasColors": {},
"bars": false,
"dashLength": 10,
"dashes": false,
"datasource": "Prometheus",
"fill": 1,
"gridPos": {
"h": 8,
"w": 6,
"x": 0,
"y": 24
},
"height": "300",
"id": 157,
"legend": {
"alignAsTable": true,
"avg": false,
"current": true,
"hideEmpty": true,
"hideZero": true,
"max": false,
"min": false,
"rightSide": false,
"show": true,
"sort": "current",
"sortDesc": true,
"total": false,
"values": true
},
"lines": true,
"linewidth": 2,
"links": [],
"nullPointMode": "null",
"percentage": false,
"pointradius": 5,
"points": false,
"renderer": "flot",
"seriesOverrides": [
{
"alias": "/.*_out上传$/",
"transform": "negative-Y"
}
],
"spaceLength": 10,
"stack": false,
"steppedLine": false,
"targets": [
{
"expr": "irate(node_network_receive_bytes_total{instance=~'$instance',device!~'tap.*|veth.*|br.*|docker.*|virbr*|lo*',job=\"$job\"}[5m])*8",
"format": "time_series",
"intervalFactor": 2,
"legendFormat": "{{device}}_in下载",
"refId": "A",
"step": 4
},
{
"expr": "irate(node_network_transmit_bytes_total{instance=~'$instance',device!~'tap.*|veth.*|br.*|docker.*|virbr*|lo*',job=\"$job\"}[5m])*8",
"format": "time_series",
"intervalFactor": 2,
"legendFormat": "{{device}}_out上传",
"refId": "B",
"step": 4
}
],
"thresholds": [],
"timeFrom": null,
"timeRegions": [],
"timeShift": null,
"title": "网络流量",
"tooltip": {
"shared": true,
"sort": 0,
"value_type": "individual"
},
"type": "graph",
"xaxis": {
"buckets": null,
"mode": "time",
"name": null,
"show": true,
"values": []
},
"yaxes": [
{
"format": "bps",
"label": "上传（-）/下载（+）",
"logBase": 1,
"max": null,
"min": null,
"show": true
},
{
"format": "short",
"label": null,
"logBase": 1,
"max": null,
"min": null,
"show": false
}
],
"yaxis": {
"align": false,
"alignLevel": null
}
},
{
"aliasColors": {},
"bars": false,
"dashLength": 10,
"dashes": false,
"datasource": "Prometheus",
"fill": 1,
"gridPos": {
"h": 8,
"w": 6,
"x": 6,
"y": 24
},
"height": "300",
"id": 185,
"legend": {
"alignAsTable": true,
"avg": false,
"current": true,
"hideEmpty": true,
"hideZero": true,
"max": false,
"min": false,
"rightSide": false,
"show": true,
"sort": "current",
"sortDesc": true,
"total": false,
"values": true
},
"lines": true,
"linewidth": 2,
"links": [],
"nullPointMode": "null",
"percentage": false,
"pointradius": 5,
"points": false,
"renderer": "flot",
"seriesOverrides": [
{
"alias": "/.*_out上传$/",
"transform": "negative-Y"
}
],
"spaceLength": 10,
"stack": false,
"steppedLine": false,
"targets": [
{
"expr": "irate(node_network_receive_packets_total{instance=~'$instance',device!~'tap.*|veth.*|br.*|docker.*|virbr*|lo*',job=\"$job\"}[5m])",
"format": "time_series",
"intervalFactor": 2,
"legendFormat": "{{device}}_接收包",
"refId": "A",
"step": 4
},
{
"expr": "irate(node_network_transmit_packets_total{instance=~'$instance',device!~'tap.*|veth.*|br.*|docker.*|virbr*|lo*',job=\"$job\"}[5m])",
"format": "time_series",
"intervalFactor": 2,
"legendFormat": "{{device}}_发送包",
"refId": "B",
"step": 4
}
],
"thresholds": [],
"timeFrom": null,
"timeRegions": [],
"timeShift": null,
"title": "网络包",
"tooltip": {
"shared": true,
"sort": 0,
"value_type": "individual"
},
"transparent": true,
"type": "graph",
"xaxis": {
"buckets": null,
"mode": "time",
"name": null,
"show": true,
"values": []
},
"yaxes": [
{
"format": "short",
"label": "上传（-）/下载（+）",
"logBase": 1,
"max": null,
"min": null,
"show": true
},
{
"format": "short",
"label": null,
"logBase": 1,
"max": null,
"min": null,
"show": false
}
],
"yaxis": {
"align": false,
"alignLevel": null
}
},
{
"aliasColors": {
"TCP": "#6ED0E0"
},
"bars": false,
"dashLength": 10,
"dashes": false,
"datasource": "Prometheus",
"description": "CurrEstab - 当前状态为 ESTABLISHED 或 CLOSE-WAIT 的 TCP 连接数\n\nActiveOpens - 已从 CLOSED 状态直接转换到 SYN-SENT 状态的 TCP 平均连接数(1分钟内)\n\nPassiveOpens - 已从 LISTEN 状态直接转换到 SYN-RCVD 状态的 TCP 平均连接数(1分钟内)\n\nTCP_alloc - 已分配（已建立、已申请到sk_buff）的TCP套接字数量\n\nTCP_inuse - 正在使用（正在侦听）的TCP套接字数量\n\nTCP_tw - 等待关闭的TCP连接数",
"fill": 0,
"gridPos": {
"h": 8,
"w": 12,
"x": 12,
"y": 24
},
"height": "300",
"id": 158,
"legend": {
"alignAsTable": true,
"avg": false,
"current": true,
"max": false,
"min": false,
"rightSide": true,
"show": true,
"total": false,
"values": true
},
"lines": true,
"linewidth": 1,
"links": [],
"nullPointMode": "null",
"percentage": false,
"pointradius": 5,
"points": false,
"renderer": "flot",
"seriesOverrides": [],
"spaceLength": 10,
"stack": false,
"steppedLine": false,
"targets": [
{
"expr": "node_netstat_Tcp_CurrEstab{instance=~'$instance',job=\"$job\"}",
"format": "time_series",
"hide": false,
"interval": "10s",
"intervalFactor": 1,
"legendFormat": "ESTABLISHED",
"refId": "A",
"step": 20
},
{
"expr": "node_sockstat_TCP_tw{instance=~'$instance',job=\"$job\"}",
"format": "time_series",
"intervalFactor": 1,
"legendFormat": "TCP_tw",
"refId": "D"
},
{
"expr": "irate(node_netstat_Tcp_ActiveOpens{instance=~'$instance',job=\"$job\"}[1m])",
"format": "time_series",
"hide": false,
"intervalFactor": 1,
"legendFormat": "ActiveOpens",
"refId": "B"
},
{
"expr": "irate(node_netstat_Tcp_PassiveOpens{instance=~'$instance',job=\"$job\"}[1m])",
"format": "time_series",
"intervalFactor": 1,
"legendFormat": "PassiveOpens",
"refId": "C"
},
{
"expr": "node_sockstat_TCP_alloc{instance=~'$instance',job=\"$job\"}",
"format": "time_series",
"intervalFactor": 1,
"legendFormat": "TCP_alloc",
"refId": "E"
},
{
"expr": "node_sockstat_TCP_inuse{instance=~'$instance',job=\"$job\"}",
"format": "time_series",
"intervalFactor": 1,
"legendFormat": "TCP_inuse",
"refId": "F"
},
{
"expr": "node_tcp_connection_states{instance=~\"$instance\",job=\"$job\"}",
"format": "time_series",
"intervalFactor": 1,
"legendFormat": "{{state}}",
"refId": "G"
}
],
"thresholds": [],
"timeFrom": null,
"timeRegions": [],
"timeShift": null,
"title": "TCP 连接情况",
"tooltip": {
"shared": true,
"sort": 0,
"value_type": "individual"
},
"transparent": false,
"type": "graph",
"xaxis": {
"buckets": null,
"mode": "time",
"name": null,
"show": true,
"values": []
},
"yaxes": [
{
"format": "short",
"label": null,
"logBase": 1,
"max": null,
"min": null,
"show": true
},
{
"format": "short",
"label": null,
"logBase": 1,
"max": null,
"min": null,
"show": true
}
],
"yaxis": {
"align": false,
"alignLevel": null
}
}
],
"refresh": false,
"schemaVersion": 16,
"style": "dark",
"tags": [
"Prometheus",
"node_exporter",
"StarsL.cn"
],
"templating": {
"list": [
{
"auto": true,
"auto_count": 10,
"auto_min": "10s",
"current": {
"selected": true,
"text": "30s",
"value": "30s"
},
"hide": 0,
"label": "interval",
"name": "interval",
"options": [
{
"selected": false,
"text": "auto",
"value": "$__auto_interval_interval"
},
{
"selected": false,
"text": "5s",
"value": "5s"
},
{
"selected": false,
"text": "10s",
"value": "10s"
},
{
"selected": true,
"text": "30s",
"value": "30s"
},
{
"selected": false,
"text": "1m",
"value": "1m"
},
{
"selected": false,
"text": "10m",
"value": "10m"
},
{
"selected": false,
"text": "30m",
"value": "30m"
},
{
"selected": false,
"text": "1h",
"value": "1h"
},
{
"selected": false,
"text": "6h",
"value": "6h"
},
{
"selected": false,
"text": "12h",
"value": "12h"
},
{
"selected": false,
"text": "1d",
"value": "1d"
}
],
"query": "5s,10s,30s,1m,10m,30m,1h,6h,12h,1d",
"refresh": 2,
"skipUrlSync": false,
"type": "interval"
},
{
"allValue": null,
"current": {
"text": "node-exporter",
"value": "node-exporter"
},
"datasource": "Prometheus",
"definition": "label_values(node_uname_info, job)",
"hide": 0,
"includeAll": false,
"label": null,
"multi": false,
"name": "job",
"options": [
{
"selected": true,
"text": "node-exporter",
"value": "node-exporter"
}
],
"query": "label_values(node_uname_info, job)",
"refresh": 0,
"regex": "",
"skipUrlSync": false,
"sort": 0,
"tagValuesQuery": "",
"tags": [],
"tagsQuery": "",
"type": "query",
"useTags": false
},
{
"allFormat": "glob",
"allValue": null,
"current": {
"tags": [],
"text": "172.16.21.197:20001",
"value": [
"172.16.21.197:20001"
]
},
"datasource": "Prometheus",
"definition": "label_values(node_uname_info,instance)",
"hide": 0,
"includeAll": false,
"label": "instance",
"multi": true,
"multiFormat": "regex values",
"name": "instance",
"options": [],
"query": "label_values(node_uname_info,instance)",
"refresh": 2,
"regex": "",
"skipUrlSync": false,
"sort": 1,
"tagValuesQuery": "",
"tags": [],
"tagsQuery": "",
"type": "query",
"useTags": false
},
{
"allValue": null,
"current": {
"text": "/",
"value": "/"
},
"datasource": "Prometheus",
"definition": "query_result(topk(1, sort_desc(max by (mountpoint) (node_filesystem_size_bytes{instance=~\"$instance\",fstype=~\"ext4|xfs\"}))))",
"hide": 2,
"includeAll": false,
"label": "",
"multi": false,
"name": "maxmount",
"options": [],
"query": "query_result(topk(1, sort_desc(max by (mountpoint) (node_filesystem_size_bytes{instance=~\"$instance\",fstype=~\"ext4|xfs\"}))))",
"refresh": 2,
"regex": "/.*=\\\"(.*)\\\".*/",
"skipUrlSync": false,
"sort": 0,
"tagValuesQuery": "",
"tags": [],
"tagsQuery": "",
"type": "query",
"useTags": false
},
{
"datasource": "prometheus_111",
"filters": [],
"hide": 0,
"label": "",
"name": "Filters",
"skipUrlSync": false,
"type": "adhoc"
}
]
},
"time": {
"from": "now-24h",
"to": "now"
},
"timepicker": {
"now": true,
"refresh_intervals": [
"5s",
"10s",
"30s",
"1m",
"5m",
"15m",
"30m",
"1h",
"2h",
"1d"
],
"time_options": [
"5m",
"15m",
"1h",
"6h",
"12h",
"24h",
"2d",
"7d",
"30d"
]
},
"timezone": "browser",
"title": "node-exporter",
"uid": "node-exporter",
"version": 49
}3.2 prometheus界面使用
访问http://10.23.3.2:9090/
查看监控主机列表
点击status—targets
可以看刚安装好的prometheus只有自己服务器的监控
查看监控指标
点击图中的endpoint下面的链接即可
于图中的链接是localhost，我们点开后会报错的，
因此我们需要填写正真的prometheus的ip地址才能看到监控指标页面
http://10.23.3.2:9090/metrics
解决监控指标页面为localhost问题
/home/prometheus/docker-prometheus/prometheus
1.修改主配置文件prometheus.yml
[root@prometheus-server prometheus]# vim prometheus.yml
- job_name: 'prometheus'
# metrics_path defaults to '/metrics'
# scheme defaults to 'http'.
static_configs:
- targets: ['192.168.81.250:9090'] #将这里的ip由localhost改为prometheus的真实ip
2.重启prometheus
[root@node1 prometheus]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
932d17a43046 grafana/grafana:9.4.3 "/run.sh" 6 hours ago Up About an hour 0.0.0.0:3000->3000/tcp, :::3000->3000/tcp grafana
69256ba5c47e prom/prometheus:v2.37.6 "/bin/prometheus --c…" 6 hours ago Up About an hour 0.0.0.0:9090->9090/tcp, :::9090->9090/tcp prometheus
dbf5c7d39319 google/cadvisor:latest "/usr/bin/cadvisor -…" 6 hours ago Up About an hour 8080/tcp cadvisor
e9b1088b5767 prom/alertmanager:v0.25.0 "/bin/alertmanager -…" 6 hours ago Up About an hour 0.0.0.0:9093->9093/tcp, :::9093->9093/tcp alertmanager
b41ff00ca41b prom/node-exporter:v1.5.0 "/bin/node_exporter …" 6 hours ago Up About an hour 0.0.0.0:9100->9100/tcp, :::9100->9100/tcp node-exporter
a04f2f382035 zabbix/zabbix-proxy-mysql:latest "/sbin/tini -- /usr/…" 10 months ago Up About an hour 0.0.0.0:10051->10051/tcp, :::10051->10051/tcp zabbix-proxy-mysql
8b7d10763fb5 k2jeans/mysql "docker-entrypoint.s…" 10 months ago Up About an hour 0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, :::3306->3306/tcp, 33060/tcp mysql-server
[root@node1 prometheus]# docker restart 69256ba5c47e
我们看到已经不是localhost或是其他的了，点开即可查看
3.3 安装node_exporter组件监控Linux主机
在主机10.23.3.1（linux）
wget https://github.com/prometheus/node_exporter/releases/download/v1.0.1/node_exporter-1.0.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
mkdir /data
tar -xvf node_exporter-1.0.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz -C /data
cd /data
mv node_exporter-1.0.1.linux-amd64 node_exporter
cd node_exporter/
nohup /data/node_exporter/node_exporter &
netstat -anp | grep 9100安装好node_exporter后访问本机9100端口下的metrics目录即可看到监控数据
http://10.23.3.1:9100/metrics
在prometheus-server上添加监控主机
我们在本机开启node_exporter后需要在prometheus server上进行配置，最终实现在prometheus页面看到监控主机的信息
1.配置prometheus
[root@prometheus-server ~]# cd /data/prometheus/
[root@prometheus-server prometheus]# vim prometheus.yml
- job_name: "10.23.3.1"
static_configs:
- targets: ['10.23.3.1:9100']
2.重启prometheus
[root@prometheus-server prometheus]# ps aux | grep prometheus | awk '{print $2}' | xargs kill -9
[root@prometheus-server prometheus]# ./prometheus --config.file="/data/prometheus/prometheus.yml" &
解释：
job_name: "linux3.1"
#起一个监控主机的名称，我们这里以ip地址为名
targets: ['10.23.3.1:9100']
#监控主机的地址重启prometheus容器
[root@node1 prometheus]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
932d17a43046 grafana/grafana:9.4.3 "/run.sh" 6 hours ago Up About an hour 0.0.0.0:3000->3000/tcp, :::3000->3000/tcp grafana
69256ba5c47e prom/prometheus:v2.37.6 "/bin/prometheus --c…" 6 hours ago Up About an hour 0.0.0.0:9090->9090/tcp, :::9090->9090/tcp prometheus
dbf5c7d39319 google/cadvisor:latest "/usr/bin/cadvisor -…" 6 hours ago Up About an hour 8080/tcp cadvisor
e9b1088b5767 prom/alertmanager:v0.25.0 "/bin/alertmanager -…" 6 hours ago Up About an hour 0.0.0.0:9093->9093/tcp, :::9093->9093/tcp alertmanager
b41ff00ca41b prom/node-exporter:v1.5.0 "/bin/node_exporter …" 6 hours ago Up About an hour 0.0.0.0:9100->9100/tcp, :::9100->9100/tcp node-exporter
a04f2f382035 zabbix/zabbix-proxy-mysql:latest "/sbin/tini -- /usr/…" 10 months ago Up About an hour 0.0.0.0:10051->10051/tcp, :::10051->10051/tcp zabbix-proxy-mysql
8b7d10763fb5 k2jeans/mysql "docker-entrypoint.s…" 10 months ago Up About an hour 0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, :::3306->3306/tcp, 33060/tcp mysql-server
[root@node1 prometheus]# docker restart 69256ba5c47e查看prometheus页面是否添加主机
点击status—targets
成功添加
扩展：prometheus添加分组主机
在监控主机安装node_exporter
我们有10.23.2.3、10.23.3.4两台主机，可以将这两台主机添加到一个组里面
分别在这两台上安装node_exporter
两台都执行以下操作
1.安装node_exporter
[root@grafana ~]# tar xf node_exporter-1.0.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz -C /data
[root@grafana ~]# cd /data
[root@grafana data]# mv node_exporter-1.0.1.linux-amd64/ node_exporter
2.启动node_exporter
[root@grafana data]# cd node_exporter
[root@grafana node_exporter]# nohup /data/node_exporter/node_exporter &
3.查看端口
[root@grafana node_exporter]# netstat -lnpt | grep 9100
配置prometheus
[root@node1 prometheus]# pwd
/home/prometheus/docker-prometheus/prometheus
vim prometheus.yml
- job_name: "Tomcat"
static_configs:
- targets: ['10.23.3.3:9100']
- targets: ['10.23.3.4:9100']
注释：
当job_name下面有多个targets时，则当前job_name不再是一台主机的名称，而是下面所有targets的名称，也就是分组名页面添加主机分组成功
点击status—targets
