实验要求
1.AS1中存在两个环回,一个地址是192.168.1.0/24,改地址不能在任何协议中宣告; AS3中存在两个环回,一个地址为192.168.2.0/24,该地址不能在任何协议中宣告,最终要求这两个环回可以ping通; 2.整个AS2的IP地址为172.168.0.0/16,请合理划分;并且其内部配置OSPF协议; 3.AS间的骨干链路IP地址随意定制; 4.使用BGP协议让整个网路所有设备的环回可以互相访问; 5.减少路由条目数量,避免环路出现;
实验拓扑
1.实验思路
1.配置IP 2.配置OSPF,使内网通 --- 在大型组网中,配完OSPF配置后,需要查看邻居表和路由表; 3.使用BGP建立IBGP和EBGP邻居 --- 需要注意邻居关系建立的配置! 注意:修改下一跳为本机有两个地方: A.该路由器既有IBGP又有EBGP邻居,在建立IBGP邻居的时候需要修改下一跳 B.两个子AS区域里,两个子AS需要建立EBGP邻居的时候,也要修改下一跳 4.
2.实验步骤
1.配置IP [R1]I int g0/0/0 [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.1.1.1 24 [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0 [R1-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.1 32 [R1-LoopBack0]int l1 [R1-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.1.1 24 [R2]int g0/0/0 [R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.1.1.2 2 [R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1 [R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.1 30 [R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2 [R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 172.16.1.21 30 [R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int l0 [R2-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.2 32 [R3]int g0/0/0 [R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.2 30 [R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1 [R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.5 3 [R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0 [R3-LoopBack0]ip ad 172.16.0.3 32 [R3-LoopBack0]int l1 [R3-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.3.3 24 [R4]int g0/0/0 [R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.6 30 [R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1 [R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.9 30 [R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0 [R4-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.4 32 [R4-LoopBack0]int l1 [R4-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.4.4 24 [R5]int g0/0/0 [R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.22 30 [R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1 [R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0 [R5-LoopBack0]int l1 [R5-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.5.5 24 [R6]int g0/0/0 [R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.18 30 [R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1 [R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.13 30 [R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0 [R6-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.6 32 [R6-LoopBack0]int l1 [R6-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.6.6 24 [R7]int g0/0/0 [R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.14 30 [R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1 [R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.10 30 [R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2 [R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 34.1.1.7 24 [R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int l0 [R7-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.7 32 [R7-LoopBack0]int l1 [R7-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.7.7 24 [R8]int g0/0/0 [R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 34.1.1.8 24 [R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0 [R8-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.8 32 [R8-LoopBack0]int l1 [R8-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.2.8 24
配置完所有的IP地址后,要查看一下IP地址表:dis ip interface brief
2.配置OSPF
[R2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2 [R2-ospf-1]area 0 [R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255 [R3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3 [R3-ospf-1]area 0 [R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255 [R4]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4 [R4-ospf-1]area 0 [R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255 [R5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5 [R5-ospf-1]area 0 [R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255 [R6]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5 [R6-ospf-1]area 0 [R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255 [R7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7 [R7-ospf-1]area 0 [R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
3.使用bgp建立邻居
只要使用环回口建立IEBP邻居,都要修改更新源!
写下一跳的情况(2种):
1.该路由既有EBGP邻居又有IBGP邻居,在写IBGP邻居的时候就要写下一跳; 2.两个子AS之间建立EBGP邻居,要修改下一跳为本地;
[R1]bgp 1 [R1-bgp]peer 12.1.1.2 as-number 2 [R2]bgp 64512 [R2-bgp]confederation id 2 --- 告诉对方属于AS 2区域 [R2-bgp]confederation peer-as 64513 --- 同时也告诉对方自己还有一个邻居 [R2-bgp]peer 12.1.1.1 as-number 1 [R2-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 as-number 64512 [R2-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 connect-interface l0 --- 修改更新源 [R2-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 next-hop-local --- 修改下一跳为本地 [R2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.22 as-number 64513 [R2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.22 next-hop-local [R3-bgp]confederation id 2 --- 告诉对方自己属于AS 2区域 [R3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.2 as-number 64512 --- 与R2建邻 [R3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.2 connect-interface l0 --- 修改更新源 [R3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.4 as-number 64512 --- 与R4建邻 [R3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.4 connect-interface l0 --- 修改更新源 [R4]bgp 64512 [R4-bgp]confederation id 2 [R4-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 as-number 64512 [R4-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 connect-interface l0 --- 修改更新源 [R4-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 next-hop-local --- 这里要配置修改下一跳为本地,是因为R4也是既有IBGP邻居,也有EBGP邻居!但是由于R2已经与R5配置了,所以这里我们就可以不用再让R4与R7建立邻居关系。 [R5]bgp 64513 [R5-bgp]confederation id 2 [R5-bgp]confederation peer-as 64512 [R5-bgp]peer 172.16.1.21 as-number 64512 [R5-bgp]peer 172.16.1.21 next-hop-local --- 修改下一跳为本地 注意:与R2建立EBGP邻居,所以不用修改更新源 [R5-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 as 64513 [R5-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 connect-interface l0 [R5-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 next-hop-local [R6]bgp 64513 [R6-bgp]confederation id 2 [R6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.5 as-number 64513 [R6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.5 connect-interface l0 [R6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.7 as-number 64513 [R6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.7 connect-interface l0 [R7]bgp 64513 [R7-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 as-number 64513 [R7-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 connect-interface l0 [R7-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 next-hop-local [R7-bgp]peer 34.1.1.8 as-number 3在R1写一个测试网段
[R1]bgp 1 [R1-bgp]net 172.16.0.1 32 [R8]bgp 3 [R8-bgp]net 172.16.0.8 32
4.写路由反射器
[R3]bgp 64512 [R3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.2 re [R3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.2 reflect-client [R3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.4 re [R3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.4 reflect-client [R6]bgp 64513 [R6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.5 re [R6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.5 reflect-client [R6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.7 re [R6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.7 reflect-client
5.配置防环机制,以及网段宣告
[R2]ip route-static 172.16.0.0 16 NULL 0 [R2-bgp]net 172.16.0.0 16 --- 在BGP宣告网段,让其他学习 [R7]ip route-static 172.16.0.0 16 NULL 0 [R7]bgp 64513 [R7-bgp]net 172.16.0.0 16
6.配置隧道接口 --- GRE
[R1]int t0/0/0 [R1-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 10.1.1.1 24 [R1-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre [R1-Tunnel0/0/0]source 172.16.0.1 [R1-Tunnel0/0/0]destination 172.16.0.8 [R8]int t0/0/0 [R8-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre [R8-Tunnel0/0/0]source 172.16.0.8 [R8-Tunnel0/0/0]destination 172.16.0.1 [R1]ip route-static 192.168.2.0 24 10.1.1.2 --- 重新找了个私有网段作为公网IP,因为图中的12.1.1.0和34.1.1.0并不互通! [R8]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 24 10.1.1.1