Android getevent命令详细分析

在调试Android 的输入事件时，经常使用 “getevent -lrt” 命令，来确认驱动上报数据是否正常。从源码的角度来详细的分析一下getevent 这个程序。
首先用ls命令来看一下getevent

lrwxr-xr-x 1 root shell 7 2023-11-20 10:08 system/bin/getevent -> toolbox

可以看出，getevent 链接的是toolbox，来看一下toolbox的main方法

//system\core\toolbox\toolbox.c
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
    // Let's assume that none of this code handles broken pipes. At least ls,
    // ps, and top were broken (though I'd previously added this fix locally
    // to top). We exit rather than use SIG_IGN because tools like top will
    // just keep on writing to nowhere forever if we don't stop them.
    signal(SIGPIPE, SIGPIPE_handler);

    char* cmd = strrchr(argv[0], '/');
    char* name = cmd ? (cmd + 1) : argv[0];

    for (size_t i = 0; tools[i].name; i++) {
        if (!strcmp(tools[i].name, name)) {//name为getevent
            return tools[i].func(argc, argv);//1
        }
    }

    printf("%s: no such tool\n", argv[0]);
    return 127;
}

tools是一个数组

//system\core\toolbox\toolbox.c
static struct {
    const char* name;
    int (*func)(int, char**);
} tools[] = {
#define TOOL(name) { #name, name##_main },
#include "tools.h"
#undef TOOL
    { 0, 0 },
};

而在tools.h里面定义了 TOOL(getevent)，将name替换为getevent，即注释1处调用getevent_main方法。接下来重点看一下getevent_main方法

//system\core\toolbox\getevent.c
static struct pollfd *ufds;
static char **device_names;
static int nfds;

int getevent_main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
	//省略
	const char *device_path = "/dev/input";
	//省略
	nfds = 1;
    ufds = calloc(1, sizeof(ufds[0]));
    ufds[0].fd = inotify_init();//1
    ufds[0].events = POLLIN;
    if(device) {//getevent命令后面可以指定device,如getevent dev/input/event0
        //省略
    } else {
		if(!print_flags_set)
            print_flags |= PRINT_DEVICE_ERRORS | PRINT_DEVICE | PRINT_DEVICE_NAME;
        print_device = 1;
		res = inotify_add_watch(ufds[0].fd, device_path, IN_DELETE | IN_CREATE);//2
        res = scan_dir(device_path, print_flags); //3
	}
	
	//省略
}

注释1处进行inotify初始化，注释2处使用inotify监听/dev/input目录下是否有设备增加或者移除，注释3处扫描/dev/input目录。此时/dev/input目录下是已经存在的设备。来看一下scan_dir扫描操作

//system\core\toolbox\getevent.c
static int scan_dir(const char *dirname, int print_flags)
{
    char devname[PATH_MAX];
    char *filename;
    DIR *dir;
    struct dirent *de;
    dir = opendir(dirname);
    if(dir == NULL)
        return -1;
    strcpy(devname, dirname);
    filename = devname + strlen(devname);
    *filename++ = '/';
    while((de = readdir(dir))) {
        if(de->d_name[0] == '.' &&
           (de->d_name[1] == '\0' ||
            (de->d_name[1] == '.' && de->d_name[2] == '\0')))
            continue;
        strcpy(filename, de->d_name);
        open_device(devname, print_flags);//1
    }
    closedir(dir);
    return 0;
}

注释1处，得到/dev/input目录下的设备名后，打开设备。注意该方法是处于循环中，会依次打开/dev/input目录下所有满足要求的设备。

//system\core\toolbox\getevent.c
static int open_device(const char *device, int print_flags)
{
	//省略
	fd = open(device, O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC);//打开设备
	
	//调用ioctl获取信息
	
	/*加到ufds数组中*/
	ufds[nfds].fd = fd;
    ufds[nfds].events = POLLIN;
    device_names[nfds] = strdup(device);
    nfds++;

	return 0;
}

open_device方法主要功能是打开设备，然后将打开设备的fd添加进ufds数组中。
已有的设备扫描完成后，在getevent_main方法内，接着会进入一个循环

//system\core\toolbox\getevent.c
int getevent_main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
	//省略
	while(1) {
        //int pollres =
        poll(ufds, nfds, -1);//1
        //printf("poll %d, returned %d\n", nfds, pollres);
        if(ufds[0].revents & POLLIN) {//2
            read_notify(device_path, ufds[0].fd, print_flags);
        }
        for(i = 1; i < nfds; i++) {
            if(ufds[i].revents) {
                if(ufds[i].revents & POLLIN) {//3
                    res = read(ufds[i].fd, &event, sizeof(event));
                    if(res < (int)sizeof(event)) {
                        fprintf(stderr, "could not get event\n");
                        return 1;
                    }
                    if(get_time) {
                        printf("[%8ld.%06ld] ", event.time.tv_sec, event.time.tv_usec);
                    }
                    if(print_device)
                        printf("%s: ", device_names[i]);
                    print_event(event.type, event.code, event.value, print_flags);//4
                    if(sync_rate && event.type == 0 && event.code == 0) {
                        int64_t now = event.time.tv_sec * 1000000LL + event.time.tv_usec;
                        if(last_sync_time)
                            printf(" rate %lld", 1000000LL / (now - last_sync_time));
                        last_sync_time = now;
                    }
                    printf("%s", newline);
                    if(event_count && --event_count == 0)
                        return 0;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

注释1处使用poll来监测ufds数组中的每项是否有数据产生，没数据时休眠，有数据产生就会被唤醒。
由于ufds[0]的fd放入的是inotify_init得到的fd，而inotify是用来监测/dev/input 下是否有设备增加或者删除。注释2处，如果ufds[0]的数据是POLLIN，则表示此时是有设备增加或者删除，调用read_notify方法处理。而注释3处表示是某个设备有输入事件了，则调用read读取事件并使用print_event打印出来。

static int read_notify(const char *dirname, int nfd, int print_flags)
{
    int res;
    char devname[PATH_MAX];
    char *filename;
    char event_buf[512];
    int event_size;
    int event_pos = 0;
    struct inotify_event *event;

    res = read(nfd, event_buf, sizeof(event_buf));//读出数据
    
    strcpy(devname, dirname);
    filename = devname + strlen(devname);
    *filename++ = '/';

    while(res >= (int)sizeof(*event)) {
        event = (struct inotify_event *)(event_buf + event_pos);
        //printf("%d: %08x \"%s\"\n", event->wd, event->mask, event->len ? event->name : "");
        if(event->len) {
            strcpy(filename, event->name);
            if(event->mask & IN_CREATE) {//设备增加
                open_device(devname, print_flags);
            }
            else {
                close_device(devname, print_flags);
            }
        }
        event_size = sizeof(*event) + event->len;
        res -= event_size;
        event_pos += event_size;
    }
    return 0;
}