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今天我们来说一下领域专家

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这个概念

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这个概念现在已经被严重污染了

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你看，这是来自一个领域驱动设计课程的资料

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你看，它说

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拉一群专家

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这不是一群羊

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能拉一群出来

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专家是大白菜

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太廉价了

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那什么是领域专家

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那我们可以先看这两个问题

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比如说

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一个跑运输多年的老司机

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算不算领域专家

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算不算物流领域的领域专家

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或者说，我们再看另外一种老司机

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他通过这个

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社交软件，约了几百人了

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算不算领域专家

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有可能算

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也可能不算

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领域专家是什么

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他并不是指经验丰富的涉众

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这点是我们经常犯的一个错误

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就是说

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以为经验丰富的涉众

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就是领域专家

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比如说，像刚才那个司机一样

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我开了很多年车了

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跑了很多年货运了

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我是领域专家

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或者说这个系统或者类似的系统

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这个功能

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我用了很多很多遍了

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用了好几年了

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我是领域专家

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未必的

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因为很可能你只是一个对某些方面

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有一点点

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认识的涉众

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你可以给

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开发团队提供

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素材

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你可以提供素材

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但不代表你是领域专家

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因为你很可能没有办法对这个领域的问题

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做出严谨的思考

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就像我们说的

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老病人

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他不等于老医生

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很可能有人生病

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生了很多年

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动不动就去找医生给他治疗

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那么请问他是不是这个病的专家

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不一定

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他只是一个涉众

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这个人生病生几十年

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根本就不了解

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他自己生的病的机理是什么

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他没有去研究过

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他不是老医生

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所以呢，我们如果看到有一些书、文章说

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什么是领域专家

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有的人说，领域专家是经验丰富的用户

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胡说八道的

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那什么是领域专家

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我们可以这样来做一个判断

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就是说，如果他是从

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研究学问的角度

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来看这个领域的

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那么我们可以认为他

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可以是候选的领域专家

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当然

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从研究学问的角度看

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而且怎么样

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他必须要有一些自己的独特的看法或者成果

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所以呢，刚才讲的老司机

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如果说

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他能够从研究的角度来看自己所经历的这些事情

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而且有所得

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那么他可以算领域专家

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研究学问的角度

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也就是说，他必须要了解这个领域里面比较扎实的

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基础的知识要有

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而且要经常关注进展

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这个才算

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所以呢，这种人的话

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有可能是什么

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他是这个领域里面的研究人员

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比如说，在前沿研究的研究员、教授

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等等

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他也可能是科普人员

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就是说他对这个

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基础知识很了解

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然后对这个进展也有所了解

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但他不一定研究出很厉害的成果

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但是呢，他各种各样都了解

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而且是从

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理论的角度

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研究的角度来看问题的

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而不是朦朦胧胧的体验

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那这个也算

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那这里我们说到这个研究学问

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什么科普之类的

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我们是

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说的是一个什么

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他做事情的一个

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角色

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不代表说他一定要有什么头衔

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不一定要有教授、研究员、老师这样的正式的职称

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只要他能够以研究学问的角度来看问题就行了

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而且这个人呢

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他不一定是系统的涉众

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因为他很可能跟这个系统没关系

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比如说，某个人

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写了一本物流领域的书

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各种各样的线路的规划什么之类的

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研究得非常透

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然后作为教材

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那么这个人可以算是这个领域的专家

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对不对

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但这个人

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他根本不参与到任何系统的开发里面

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但是你做相关系统的时候

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很可能要去看他的书

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研究他的学问

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那我们

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做这个题

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就可以知道我们刚才讲的那几个要点

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A公司正在开发新一代的供应链系统

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目标组织定位为某个

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动力电池厂商B公司

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以下可以算作领域专家的是

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我们要注意，我们开发的是供应链系统

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不是动力电池系统

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不是研究动力电池

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所以呢，这个核心域是供应链

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对不对

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不是动力电池

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只不过我们通过定位发现什么

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像这样的厂商

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目前是最需要我们这样的供应链系统去改善它的组织流程

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那我们看，哪些是

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专家

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有

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多选了

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那刚才我们讲的知识点是什么

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研究学问的角度

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你看

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张三，有吗

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他应该有研究

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对不对

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如果他没有做过研究

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没有对里面的各种概念没有理清楚

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他不可能画出这么精细的流程建模

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什么实体关系图

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画不出来的

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这个可以算

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《供应链管理》的作者，李四可以吗

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刚才我们说过了

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对不对

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你看，AB这两个是领域专家

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但他们都不是什么

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都不是涉众

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对不对

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张三属于开发团队里面的一员

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他不是涉众

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因为这个系统不是改善张三

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他们的工作，是改善什么

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B公司的工作

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张三是外面的一个观察者、建模者

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他不是涉众

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或者说，张三就算死掉了

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或者A公司就算倒闭了

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B公司的问题还在不在

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还在，B公司应该做什么样的改进

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这个问题有没有变

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也没有变

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对不对

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也就是说，这是医生

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这是病人

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你换个医生或者医生都死光了

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病人的病还在那里

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只不过这个病没有得到治疗而已

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00:08:55,450 --> 00:08:55,649

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这个医生，不是病人

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这是医生

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那同样，这个是什么

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可以看做医学院的那个院长

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说医学院的那个泰斗一样

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他也不是这个系统的涉众

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你看，这些都不是

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这两个是专家

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但不是涉众

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那我们看

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仓库助理王五

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熟练使用

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这个是吗

216
00:09:22,164 --> 00:09:22,392

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这个应该不算

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熟练使用而已

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没有

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去研究

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就像我们用微信，跟刚才讲的社交软件一样

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社交软件，用谁都会用

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对不对

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不太傻的都会用

225
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但是你想想，社交领域有没有理论

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有没有学问

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有的

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背后是社会学的

229
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关系的各种各样的理论

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什么什么

231
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六度空间什么理论

232
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对不对

233
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但是我们作为一个使用者

234
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不需要懂这个

235
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对不对

236
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或者说，我们用那个现在流行那个GPT

237
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对吧

238
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你问它问题

239
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他就答你，多简单

240
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对吧

241
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但实际上，背后的理论也是非常复杂的

242
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那有人说，我用GPT用了很长时间了

243
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我是GPT领域专家

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不是的

245
00:10:25,890 --> 00:10:26,133

246
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背后那个东西跟你用那个，往往刚好是相反的

247
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你用的越简单

248
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背后的道理就越复杂

249
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因为

250
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说明计算机系统封装的内容就越多嘛

251
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对不对

252
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所以

253
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这个不是

254
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这个也不是

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是动力电池专家

256
00:10:47,500 --> 00:10:47,766

257
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他不是供应链专家

258
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也不是

259
00:10:51,260 --> 00:10:51,452

260
00:10:51,452 --> 00:10:52,989
所以哪两个是

261
00:10:52,989 --> 00:10:53,950
这两个是

0
00:00:00,060 --> 00:00:00,279

1
00:00:00,279 --> 00:00:03,130
刚才我们提到，就是说，领域专家

2
00:00:03,410 --> 00:00:05,030
不一定是涉众

3
00:00:06,470 --> 00:00:09,090
而且很多时候涉众未必是领域专家

4
00:00:09,700 --> 00:00:11,750
但为什么我们团队

5
00:00:13,030 --> 00:00:14,750
喜欢把这个

6
00:00:15,220 --> 00:00:16,935
经验丰富的涉众

7
00:00:16,935 --> 00:00:19,140
把它当作领域专家呢

8
00:00:20,420 --> 00:00:20,598

9
00:00:20,598 --> 00:00:22,380
因为这样的人比较好找

10
00:00:22,660 --> 00:00:23,520
对不对

11
00:00:24,170 --> 00:00:26,150
比真正的专家好找

12
00:00:28,620 --> 00:00:30,270
而且好打交道

13
00:00:31,420 --> 00:00:32,940
但是我们要注意的

14
00:00:33,900 --> 00:00:36,695
我们要和他打交道也好

15
00:00:36,695 --> 00:00:39,770
各种各样，也要获得真正的

16
00:00:41,110 --> 00:00:42,270
扎实的

17
00:00:42,820 --> 00:00:44,683
正确的领域知识的

18
00:00:44,683 --> 00:00:46,546
不能因为你好打交道

19
00:00:46,546 --> 00:00:47,788
所以我就找你

20
00:00:47,788 --> 00:00:49,030
不是这样的

21
00:00:50,190 --> 00:00:50,659
那么

22
00:00:50,659 --> 00:00:54,887
如何从领域专家那里获取知识，有很多种渠道

23
00:00:54,887 --> 00:00:57,705
你可以看他写的书，写的文章

24
00:00:57,705 --> 00:00:58,410
对不对

25
00:00:58,690 --> 00:01:01,590
不一定要面对面直接交流才是的哦

26
00:01:02,170 --> 00:01:04,030
但我们现在很多团队

27
00:01:05,700 --> 00:01:07,440
他的阅读能力

28
00:01:07,890 --> 00:01:09,490
思考能力

29
00:01:09,970 --> 00:01:11,040
都很差

30
00:01:11,340 --> 00:01:12,570
必须要什么

31
00:01:13,010 --> 00:01:17,030
讨论、讨论，他就会一个讨论

32
00:01:17,910 --> 00:01:20,230
面对面讨论才行

33
00:01:22,450 --> 00:01:23,790
不善于思考

34
00:01:23,790 --> 00:01:25,130
不善于阅读

35
00:01:26,740 --> 00:01:30,268
所以呢，这样的一种缺陷

36
00:01:30,268 --> 00:01:31,680
就会使得什么

37
00:01:33,400 --> 00:01:39,700
他必须得跟能跟他面对面直接交流的这样的人打交道

38
00:01:40,920 --> 00:01:42,030
那这样的人

39
00:01:42,620 --> 00:01:44,183
如果真正的专家

40
00:01:44,183 --> 00:01:46,920
没有办法满足他这个条件

41
00:01:47,310 --> 00:01:48,990
那他就要找什么

42
00:01:50,220 --> 00:01:52,730
容易找到打交道的人

43
00:01:53,130 --> 00:01:55,370
冒充领域专家了

44
00:01:58,170 --> 00:01:59,650
我在

45
00:02:01,000 --> 00:02:03,617
之前的一些文章里也提到过

46
00:02:03,617 --> 00:02:06,890
类似这样的一些同学

47
00:02:08,670 --> 00:02:10,363
我们让他做题

48
00:02:10,363 --> 00:02:11,210
他也不做

49
00:02:11,490 --> 00:02:14,450
他看半页纸，就要来跟我讨论

50
00:02:15,050 --> 00:02:15,840

51
00:02:16,700 --> 00:02:18,880
他懒得思考

52
00:02:18,880 --> 00:02:19,970
也懒得做题

53
00:02:19,970 --> 00:02:21,060
也懒得看书

54
00:02:22,240 --> 00:02:24,220
他动不动想跟别人来讨论