ISO文件内添加kickstart完成自动安装

目录

将待制作的centos iso文件挂载到/mnt/目录

将/mnt/下的所有文件复制到新的目录/tmp/mycentos

创建kickstart文件

修改启动文件

重新制作ISO文件

制作完成

kickstart可以实现根据配置自动安装操作系统，本文主要讲解如何让机器读取到iso文件后自动完成操作系统的安装

将待制作的centos iso文件挂载到/mnt/目录

[root@zyq mnt]# mount CentOS-7-x86_64-Minimal-1810.iso /mnt/

将/mnt/下的所有文件复制到新的目录/tmp/mycentos

[root@zyq mnt]# cp -r /mnt/* /tmp/mycentos/

创建kickstart文件

用专门的工具自动生成kickstart文件

[root@zyq mnt]# system-config-kickstart

 

 

根据需求配置即可， 此处不一一展开，配置好的kickstart文件保存到/tmp/mycentos，文件内容如下：

[root@zyq mycentos]# cat ks.cfg 
#platform=x86, AMD64, or Intel EM64T
#version=DEVEL
# Install OS instead of upgrade
install
# Keyboard layouts
keyboard 'us'
# Root password
rootpw --iscrypted $1$syqbVAdn$mnphjnVzy6uga9UJoemO91
# System language
lang en_US
# Firewall configuration
firewall --disabled
# System authorization information
auth  --useshadow  --passalgo=sha512
# Use CDROM installation media
cdrom
# Use graphical install
graphical
# SELinux configuration
selinux --disabled
# Do not configure the X Window System
skipx

# Reboot after installation
reboot
# System timezone
timezone Asia/Shanghai
# System bootloader configuration
bootloader --location=mbr
# Partition clearing information
clearpart --all
# Disk partitioning information
part / --fstype="xfs" --grow --size=10240

%packages
@core
%end

%post
#!/bin/bash

touch /tmp/zyq
%end

 kisckstart文件详解请参考以下连接

修改启动文件

isolinux/isolinux.cfg原文件中的内容

[root@zyq mnt]# cat isolinux/isolinux.cfg 
...
label linux
  menu label ^Install CentOS 7
  kernel vmlinuz
  append initrd=initrd.img inst.stage2=hd:LABEL=CentOS\x207\x20x86_64 quiet
...

修改isolinux/isolinux.cfg中的以上内容为以下内容

[root@zyq mycentos]# cat isolinux/isolinux.cfg 
...
label linux
  menu label ^Install CentOS 7
  kernel vmlinuz
  append initrd=initrd.img inst.stage2=hd:LABEL=MYCENTOS inst.ks=hd:LABEL=MYCENTOS:/ks.cfg quiet
...

 “MYCENTOS”可以任意命名，后面mkisofs时候保持一致就好

重新制作ISO文件

[root@zyq mycentos]# mkisofs -o mycentos.iso -input-charset utf-8 -b isolinux/isolinux.bin -c isolinux/boot.cat -no-emul-boot -boot-load-size 4 -boot-info-table -R -J -v -T -joliet-long -V MYCENTOS /tmp/mycentos/
genisoimage 1.1.11 (Linux)
Scanning /tmp/mycentos/
Scanning /tmp/mycentos/EFI
Scanning /tmp/mycentos/EFI/BOOT
Scanning /tmp/mycentos/EFI/BOOT/fonts
Excluded: /tmp/mycentos/EFI/BOOT/fonts/TRANS.TBL
Excluded: /tmp/mycentos/EFI/BOOT/TRANS.TBL
Excluded: /tmp/mycentos/EFI/TRANS.TBL
Scanning /tmp/mycentos/LiveOS
Excluded: /tmp/mycentos/LiveOS/TRANS.TBL
Scanning /tmp/mycentos/Packages
Excluded: /tmp/mycentos/Packages/TRANS.TBL
Excluded: /tmp/mycentos/TRANS.TBL
Scanning /tmp/mycentos/images
Scanning /tmp/mycentos/images/pxeboot
Excluded: /tmp/mycentos/images/pxeboot/TRANS.TBL
Excluded: /tmp/mycentos/images/TRANS.TBL
Scanning /tmp/mycentos/isolinux
Excluded by match: /tmp/mycentos/isolinux/boot.cat
Excluded: /tmp/mycentos/isolinux/TRANS.TBL
Scanning /tmp/mycentos/repodata
Excluded: /tmp/mycentos/repodata/TRANS.TBL
Using RPM_G000.;1 for  /RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Testing-7 (RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7)
Using SYSTE000.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/systemd-219-62.el7.x86_64.rpm (systemd-libs-219-62.el7.x86_64.rpm)
Using SYSTE001.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/systemd-libs-219-62.el7.x86_64.rpm (systemd-sysv-219-62.el7.x86_64.rpm)
Using SG3_U000.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/sg3_utils-1.37-17.el7.x86_64.rpm (sg3_utils-libs-1.37-17.el7.x86_64.rpm)
Using SELIN000.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/selinux-policy-3.13.1-229.el7.noarch.rpm (selinux-policy-targeted-3.13.1-229.el7.noarch.rpm)
Using PYTHO000.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/python-backports-ssl_match_hostname-3.5.0.1-1.el7.noarch.rpm (python-backports-1.0-8.el7.x86_64.rpm)
Using PYTHO001.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/python-iniparse-0.4-9.el7.noarch.rpm (python-ipaddress-1.0.16-2.el7.noarch.rpm)
Using PYTHO002.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/python-libs-2.7.5-76.el7.x86_64.rpm (python-linux-procfs-0.4.9-4.el7.noarch.rpm)
Using PYTHO003.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/python-pycurl-7.19.0-19.el7.x86_64.rpm (python-pyudev-0.15-9.el7.noarch.rpm)
Using PYTHO004.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/python-pyudev-0.15-9.el7.noarch.rpm (python-perf-3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64.rpm)
Using PYTHO005.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/python-schedutils-0.4-6.el7.x86_64.rpm (python-setuptools-0.9.8-7.el7.noarch.rpm)
Using PYTHO006.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/python-setuptools-0.9.8-7.el7.noarch.rpm (python-slip-0.4.0-4.el7.noarch.rpm)
Using PYTHO007.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/python-slip-0.4.0-4.el7.noarch.rpm (python-slip-dbus-0.4.0-4.el7.noarch.rpm)
Using PLYMO000.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/plymouth-0.8.9-0.31.20140113.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm (plymouth-core-libs-0.8.9-0.31.20140113.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm)
Using PLYMO001.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/plymouth-core-libs-0.8.9-0.31.20140113.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm (plymouth-scripts-0.8.9-0.31.20140113.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm)
Using PCSC_000.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/pcsc-lite-1.8.8-8.el7.x86_64.rpm (pcsc-lite-ccid-1.4.10-14.el7.x86_64.rpm)
Using PCSC_001.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/pcsc-lite-ccid-1.4.10-14.el7.x86_64.rpm (pcsc-lite-libs-1.8.8-8.el7.x86_64.rpm)
Using PCIUT000.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/pciutils-3.5.1-3.el7.x86_64.rpm (pciutils-libs-3.5.1-3.el7.x86_64.rpm)
Using P11_K000.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/p11-kit-0.23.5-3.el7.x86_64.rpm (p11-kit-trust-0.23.5-3.el7.x86_64.rpm)
Using OPENS000.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/openscap-1.2.17-2.el7.x86_64.rpm (openscap-scanner-1.2.17-2.el7.x86_64.rpm)
Using OPENS001.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/openssh-7.4p1-16.el7.x86_64.rpm (openssh-clients-7.4p1-16.el7.x86_64.rpm)
Using OPENS002.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/openssh-clients-7.4p1-16.el7.x86_64.rpm (openssh-server-7.4p1-16.el7.x86_64.rpm)
Using OPENS003.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/openssl-1.0.2k-16.el7.x86_64.rpm (openssl-libs-1.0.2k-16.el7.x86_64.rpm)
Using NSS_S000.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/nss-softokn-3.36.0-5.el7_5.x86_64.rpm (nss-softokn-freebl-3.36.0-5.el7_5.x86_64.rpm)
Using NETWO000.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/NetworkManager-libnm-1.12.0-6.el7.x86_64.rpm (NetworkManager-team-1.12.0-6.el7.x86_64.rpm)
Using NETWO001.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/NetworkManager-team-1.12.0-6.el7.x86_64.rpm (NetworkManager-tui-1.12.0-6.el7.x86_64.rpm)
Using NETWO002.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/NetworkManager-tui-1.12.0-6.el7.x86_64.rpm (NetworkManager-wifi-1.12.0-6.el7.x86_64.rpm)
Using NETWO003.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/NetworkManager-wifi-1.12.0-6.el7.x86_64.rpm (NetworkManager-wwan-1.12.0-6.el7.x86_64.rpm)
Using NETWO004.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/NetworkManager-wwan-1.12.0-6.el7.x86_64.rpm (NetworkManager-1.12.0-6.el7.x86_64.rpm)
Using NETWO005.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/NetworkManager-1.12.0-6.el7.x86_64.rpm (NetworkManager-adsl-1.12.0-6.el7.x86_64.rpm)
Using NETWO006.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/NetworkManager-adsl-1.12.0-6.el7.x86_64.rpm (NetworkManager-bluetooth-1.12.0-6.el7.x86_64.rpm)
Using NETWO007.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/NetworkManager-bluetooth-1.12.0-6.el7.x86_64.rpm (NetworkManager-glib-1.12.0-6.el7.x86_64.rpm)
Using NCURS000.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/ncurses-5.9-14.20130511.el7_4.x86_64.rpm (ncurses-base-5.9-14.20130511.el7_4.noarch.rpm)
Using NCURS001.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/ncurses-base-5.9-14.20130511.el7_4.noarch.rpm (ncurses-libs-5.9-14.20130511.el7_4.x86_64.rpm)
Using MESA_000.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/mesa-libEGL-18.0.5-3.el7.x86_64.rpm (mesa-libGL-18.0.5-3.el7.x86_64.rpm)
Using MESA_001.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/mesa-libGL-18.0.5-3.el7.x86_64.rpm (mesa-libgbm-18.0.5-3.el7.x86_64.rpm)
Using MESA_002.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/mesa-libgbm-18.0.5-3.el7.x86_64.rpm (mesa-libglapi-18.0.5-3.el7.x86_64.rpm)
Using LIBWA000.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/libwayland-client-1.15.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm (libwayland-server-1.15.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm)
Using LIBSE000.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/libselinux-2.5-14.1.el7.x86_64.rpm (libselinux-python-2.5-14.1.el7.x86_64.rpm)
Using LIBSE001.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/libselinux-python-2.5-14.1.el7.x86_64.rpm (libselinux-utils-2.5-14.1.el7.x86_64.rpm)
Using LIBGL000.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/libglvnd-1.0.1-0.8.git5baa1e5.el7.x86_64.rpm (libglvnd-egl-1.0.1-0.8.git5baa1e5.el7.x86_64.rpm)
Using LIBGL001.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/libglvnd-egl-1.0.1-0.8.git5baa1e5.el7.x86_64.rpm (libglvnd-glx-1.0.1-0.8.git5baa1e5.el7.x86_64.rpm)
Using LIBER000.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/liberation-fonts-common-1.07.2-16.el7.noarch.rpm (liberation-sans-fonts-1.07.2-16.el7.noarch.rpm)
Using KERNE000.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/kernel-tools-3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64.rpm (kernel-tools-libs-3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64.rpm)
Using IWL60000.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/iwl6000g2a-firmware-17.168.5.3-69.el7.noarch.rpm (iwl6000g2b-firmware-17.168.5.2-69.el7.noarch.rpm)
Using ISCSI000.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/iscsi-initiator-utils-6.2.0.874-10.el7.x86_64.rpm (iscsi-initiator-utils-iscsiuio-6.2.0.874-10.el7.x86_64.rpm)
Using HUNSP000.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/hunspell-1.3.2-15.el7.x86_64.rpm (hunspell-en-0.20121024-6.el7.noarch.rpm)
Using HUNSP001.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/hunspell-en-0.20121024-6.el7.noarch.rpm (hunspell-en-GB-0.20121024-6.el7.noarch.rpm)
Using HUNSP002.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/hunspell-en-GB-0.20121024-6.el7.noarch.rpm (hunspell-en-US-0.20121024-6.el7.noarch.rpm)
Using GRUB2000.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/grub2-pc-2.02-0.76.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm (grub2-pc-modules-2.02-0.76.el7.centos.noarch.rpm)
Using GRUB2001.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/grub2-tools-2.02-0.76.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm (grub2-tools-extra-2.02-0.76.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm)
Using GRUB2002.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/grub2-tools-extra-2.02-0.76.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm (grub2-tools-minimal-2.02-0.76.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm)
Using GRUB2003.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/grub2-efi-x64-2.02-0.76.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm (grub2-efi-ia32-2.02-0.76.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm)
Using GETTE000.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/gettext-0.19.8.1-2.el7.x86_64.rpm (gettext-libs-0.19.8.1-2.el7.x86_64.rpm)
Using FIREW000.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/firewalld-0.5.3-5.el7.noarch.rpm (firewalld-filesystem-0.5.3-5.el7.noarch.rpm)
Using FIPSC000.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/fipscheck-1.4.1-6.el7.x86_64.rpm (fipscheck-lib-1.4.1-6.el7.x86_64.rpm)
Using ELFUT000.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/elfutils-default-yama-scope-0.172-2.el7.noarch.rpm (elfutils-libelf-0.172-2.el7.x86_64.rpm)
Using ELFUT001.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/elfutils-libelf-0.172-2.el7.x86_64.rpm (elfutils-libs-0.172-2.el7.x86_64.rpm)
Using E2FSP000.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/e2fsprogs-1.42.9-13.el7.x86_64.rpm (e2fsprogs-libs-1.42.9-13.el7.x86_64.rpm)
Using DEVIC000.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/device-mapper-1.02.149-8.el7.x86_64.rpm (device-mapper-event-1.02.149-8.el7.x86_64.rpm)
Using DEVIC001.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/device-mapper-event-1.02.149-8.el7.x86_64.rpm (device-mapper-event-libs-1.02.149-8.el7.x86_64.rpm)
Using DEVIC002.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/device-mapper-event-libs-1.02.149-8.el7.x86_64.rpm (device-mapper-libs-1.02.149-8.el7.x86_64.rpm)
Using DEVIC003.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/device-mapper-libs-1.02.149-8.el7.x86_64.rpm (device-mapper-multipath-0.4.9-123.el7.x86_64.rpm)
Using DEVIC004.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/device-mapper-multipath-0.4.9-123.el7.x86_64.rpm (device-mapper-multipath-libs-0.4.9-123.el7.x86_64.rpm)
Using DEVIC005.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/device-mapper-multipath-libs-0.4.9-123.el7.x86_64.rpm (device-mapper-persistent-data-0.7.3-3.el7.x86_64.rpm)
Using CRYPT000.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/cryptsetup-2.0.3-3.el7.x86_64.rpm (cryptsetup-libs-2.0.3-3.el7.x86_64.rpm)
Using CRACK000.RPM;1 for  /tmp/mycentos/Packages/cracklib-2.9.0-11.el7.x86_64.rpm (cracklib-dicts-2.9.0-11.el7.x86_64.rpm)
Writing:   Initial Padblock                        Start Block 0
Done with: Initial Padblock                        Block(s)    16
Writing:   Primary Volume Descriptor               Start Block 16
Done with: Primary Volume Descriptor               Block(s)    1
Writing:   Eltorito Volume Descriptor              Start Block 17
Size of boot image is 4 sectors -> No emulation
Done with: Eltorito Volume Descriptor              Block(s)    1
Writing:   Joliet Volume Descriptor                Start Block 18
Done with: Joliet Volume Descriptor                Block(s)    1
Writing:   End Volume Descriptor                   Start Block 19
Done with: End Volume Descriptor                   Block(s)    1
Writing:   Version block                           Start Block 20
Done with: Version block                           Block(s)    1
Writing:   Path table                              Start Block 21
Done with: Path table                              Block(s)    4
Writing:   Joliet path table                       Start Block 25
Done with: Joliet path table                       Block(s)    4
Writing:   Directory tree                          Start Block 29
Done with: Directory tree                          Block(s)    47
Writing:   Joliet directory tree                   Start Block 76
Done with: Joliet directory tree                   Block(s)    33
Writing:   Directory tree cleanup                  Start Block 109
Done with: Directory tree cleanup                  Block(s)    0
Writing:   Extension record                        Start Block 109
Done with: Extension record                        Block(s)    1
Writing:   The File(s)                             Start Block 110
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Total translation table size: 123340
Total rockridge attributes bytes: 54541
Total directory bytes: 90112
Path table size(bytes): 140
Done with: The File(s)                             Block(s)    469498
Writing:   Ending Padblock                         Start Block 469608
Done with: Ending Padblock                         Block(s)    150
Max brk space used a3000
469758 extents written (917 MB)

-o<映像文件>或-output<映像文件> 指定映像文件的名称
-input-charset utf8 -output-charset utf8，解决中文文件名乱码问题
-b<开机映像文件>或-eltorito-boot<开机映像文件> 指定在制作可开机光盘时所需的开机映像文件。
-c<开机文件名称> 制作可开机光盘时，mkisofs会将开机映像文件中的全-eltorito-catalog<开机文件名称>全部内容作成一个文件
-load-size 4：设置加载扇区数
-boot-info-table：修补启动映像与信息表 Patch boot image with info table
-no-emul-boot Boot image is ‘no emulation’ image 无仿真
-R, -rock Generate Rock Ridge directory information
-J或-joliet 使用Joliet格式的目录与文件名称
-v或-verbose 执行时显示详细的信息。
-V<光盘ID>或-volid<光盘ID> 指定光盘的卷册集ID
-T或-translation-table 建立文件名的转换表，适用于不支持Rock Ridge Extensions的系统上
 

制作完成

用新制作的iso文件测试

注：如果想要制作为U盘启动盘，执行以下命令即可

[root@zyq mycentos]# dd if=mycentos.iso of=/dev/sdb

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