开发板通过网线连接电脑而上网

简介

关闭win11的防火墙（之前不关也可以的，很奇怪）
一句话：！！！dhcp能自动分配IP即可联通外网！！！
原理也不懂，或许有其他方法也不清楚，但只要在/etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml设置dhcp: true利用netplan来自动分配ip则可解决所有ping外网不通、git访问不了，apt-get出现Err:1 http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu-ports focal InRelease Temporary failure resolving 'mirrors.163.com'错误等等问题.

电脑WIFI共享给网口

在这里插入图片描述

route

Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface
default         orange.mshome.n 0.0.0.0         UG    100    0        0 eth0
link-local      0.0.0.0         255.255.0.0     U     1000   0        0 eth0
192.168.137.0   0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     100    0        0 eth0
192.168.137.0   0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     100    0        0 eth0

link
路由表的问题

/etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml

# this file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# For more information, see netplan(5).
network:
  version: 2
  renderer: NetworkManager
  # renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    eth0:
      dhcp4: true
      addresses: [192.168.137.23/24]
      gateway4: 192.168.137.1
      nameservers:
        addresses: [114.114.114.114, 192.168.137.1]

设置dhcp: true利用netplan来自动分配ip的同时设置一个静态ip来实现ssh访问，而不用每次都是用串口来查看ip才能登录。
link:

1
2
3
校园网：(1) (2)

/etc/resolv.conf

自动生成的，dhcp不能分配IP时添加常见的DNS都不行！！

# Generated by NetworkManager
search mshome.net
nameserver 127.0.0.53

/etc/systemd/resolved.conf

#  systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
#  under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
#  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
#  (at your option) any later version.
#
# Entries in this file show the compile time defaults.
# You can change settings by editing this file.
# Defaults can be restored by simply deleting this file.
#
# See resolved.conf(5) for details

[Resolve]
DNS=114.114.114.114
#FallbackDNS=
#Domains=
#LLMNR=no
#MulticastDNS=no
#DNSSEC=no
#DNSOverTLS=no
#Cache=yes
#DNSStubListener=yes
#ReadEtcHosts=yes

虚拟机

若想虚拟机ping开发板，参考这个应该可以。

测试

开启win11防火墙

重新开启防火墙，reboot重启开发板

# # # 查看ifconfig 没问题 # # # 
root@rong-virtual-machine:~# ifconfig
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.137.155  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.137.255
        ether 00:22:33:44:55:66  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 115  bytes 20392 (20.3 KB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 13  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 117  bytes 13373 (13.3 KB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0
        device interrupt 87  base 0x2000

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 248  bytes 19900 (19.9 KB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 248  bytes 19900 (19.9 KB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0
# # # 155为dhcp分配的ip 23为设置的静态ip # # #
root@rong-virtual-machine:~# hostname -I
192.168.137.155 192.168.137.23
# # # ping外网ip # # #
root@rong-virtual-machine:~# ping 8.8.8.8
PING 8.8.8.8 (8.8.8.8) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=1 ttl=100 time=70.1 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=2 ttl=100 time=76.1 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=3 ttl=100 time=70.9 ms
^C
--- 8.8.8.8 ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2003ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 70.093/72.364/76.065/2.639 ms
# # # ping百度域名 # # #
root@rong-virtual-machine:~# ping www.baidu.com
PING www.a.shifen.com (120.232.145.185) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 120.232.145.185 (120.232.145.185): icmp_seq=1 ttl=51 time=10.3 ms
64 bytes from 120.232.145.185 (120.232.145.185): icmp_seq=2 ttl=51 time=13.4 ms
64 bytes from 120.232.145.185 (120.232.145.185): icmp_seq=3 ttl=51 time=11.6 ms
^C
--- www.a.shifen.com ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 3 received, 25% packet loss, time 9272ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 10.289/11.751/13.409/1.281 ms

😨 😨 😨 居然没问题 😨 😨 😨
但是要ping通主机,还是需要打开防火墙才行

自测（插回电脑网口）

怀疑是电脑网口坏了，折腾了两天都不行，换到拓展坞的网口上，吃了个饭回来就好了😢 😢 😢
简介中的图片所示的以太网 2即拓展坞网口
更改为电脑上的以太网
在这里插入图片描述
重启开发板

root@rong-virtual-machine:~# ifconfig
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.137.207  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.137.255
        ether 00:22:33:44:55:66  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 93  bytes 14302 (14.3 KB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 13  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 81  bytes 8422 (8.4 KB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0
        device interrupt 87  base 0x2000

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 184  bytes 14969 (14.9 KB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 184  bytes 14969 (14.9 KB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

root@rong-virtual-machine:~# hostname -I
192.168.137.207
root@rong-virtual-machine:~# ping 8.8.8.8
PING 8.8.8.8 (8.8.8.8) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=1 ttl=100 time=71.7 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=2 ttl=100 time=71.0 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=3 ttl=100 time=76.4 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=4 ttl=100 time=71.9 ms
^C
--- 8.8.8.8 ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3004ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 71.020/72.746/76.352/2.108 ms
root@rong-virtual-machine:~# ping www.baidu.com
PING www.a.shifen.com (120.232.145.144) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 120.232.145.144: icmp_seq=1 ttl=51 time=13.6 ms
64 bytes from 120.232.145.144: icmp_seq=2 ttl=51 time=14.1 ms
64 bytes from 120.232.145.144: icmp_seq=3 ttl=51 time=12.1 ms
64 bytes from 120.232.145.144: icmp_seq=4 ttl=51 time=11.6 ms
^C
--- www.a.shifen.com ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 12028ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 11.586/12.857/14.089/1.029 ms

其中

root@rong-virtual-machine:~# hostname -I
192.168.137.207

只显示一个ip了，netplan配置文件中的静态ip没了

无静态ip

尝试执行netplan apply，静态ip生效，但是另一个又变回之前的155了 😳 😳 😳

root@rong-virtual-machine:~# netplan apply
root@rong-virtual-machine:~# hostname -I
192.168.137.155 192.168.137.23

老天爷为什么 😭 😭 😭
what can I say！！

再次reboot

再次重启开发板

root@rong-virtual-machine:~# ifconfig
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.137.155  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.137.255
        ether 00:22:33:44:55:66  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 96  bytes 14248 (14.2 KB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 12  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 90  bytes 9701 (9.7 KB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0
        device interrupt 87  base 0x2000

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 184  bytes 15321 (15.3 KB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 184  bytes 15321 (15.3 KB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

root@rong-virtual-machine:~# hostname -I
192.168.137.155 192.168.137.200 192.168.137.23

出现了3个ip
执行netplan apply

root@rong-virtual-machine:~# netplan apply
root@rong-virtual-machine:~# hostname -I
192.168.137.155 192.168.137.23
root@rong-virtual-machine:~#

无敌了。兄弟 😮 😮 😮

开发板断电

root@rong-virtual-machine:~# ifconfig
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.137.155  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.137.255
        ether 00:22:33:44:55:66  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 167  bytes 23894 (23.8 KB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 11  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 156  bytes 15179 (15.1 KB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0
        device interrupt 87  base 0x2000

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 38  bytes 3871 (3.8 KB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 38  bytes 3871 (3.8 KB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

root@rong-virtual-machine:~# hostname -I
192.168.137.155 192.168.137.71 192.168.137.23
root@rong-virtual-machine:~# netplan apply
root@rong-virtual-machine:~# hostname -I
192.168.137.155 192.168.137.23

搞不懂了 😦 😦 😦

可以上网

root@rong-virtual-machine:~# wget zhihu.com
--2024-04-24 21:21:36--  http://zhihu.com/
Resolving zhihu.com (zhihu.com)... 103.41.167.234
Connecting to zhihu.com (zhihu.com)|103.41.167.234|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 301 Moved Permanently
Location: https://www.zhihu.com/ [following]
--2024-04-24 21:21:36--  https://www.zhihu.com/
Resolving www.zhihu.com (www.zhihu.com)... 120.240.101.173, 111.45.69.246, 183.240.47.143, ...
Connecting to www.zhihu.com (www.zhihu.com)|120.240.101.173|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Found
Location: //www.zhihu.com/signin?next=%2F [following]
--2024-04-24 21:21:36--  https://www.zhihu.com/signin?next=%2F
Reusing existing connection to www.zhihu.com:443.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 40094 (39K) [text/html]
Saving to: ‘index.html’

index.html          100%[===================>]  39.15K  --.-KB/s    in 0.1s

2024-04-24 21:21:37 (271 KB/s) - ‘index.html’ saved [40094/40094]