VSCode 配置 C/C++ 环境

1 安装 VSCode

直接去官网(https://code.visualstudio.com/)下载并安装即可。
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2 配置C/C++编译环境

方案一
如果是在Windows，需要安装 MingW，可以去官网(https://sourceforge.net/projects/mingw-w64/)下载安装包。
注意安装路径不要出现中文。

打开 windows shell 界面，输入mingw-get install gcc、mingw-get install g++。
如果安装的时候提示安装包被错误下载，可使用方案二安装。
方案二
进入网址https://sourceforge.net/projects/mingw-w64/files/，下滑，下载图中所示压缩包。

找一个无中文路径解压缩。
添加环境变量。在Path中加入解压后的文件夹中的bin目录，如C:\ProgramFiles\MinGW\mingw64\bin。
测试
在 windows shell 界面输入gcc -v、g++ -v，正确出现版本号则配置成功。

3 安装插件

搜索插件 C/C++ 和 Code Runner 并安装。
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4 编辑配置文件

首先新建一个文件夹，并用 VSCode 打开。
在该文件夹中创建名为 .vscode 的文件夹。
在该文件夹中创建下面几个文件。以后的C/C++代码文件必须放在这个Code文件夹里，或者说有.vscode文件夹的文件夹里。

c_cpp_properties.json
将 compilerPath 换成你的g++路径。

{
  "configurations": [
    {
      "name": "Win64",
      "includePath": ["${workspaceFolder}/**"],
      "defines": ["_DEBUG", "UNICODE", "_UNICODE"],
      "windowsSdkVersion": "10.0.18362.0",
      "compilerPath": "C:\\MinGW\\bin\\g++.exe",
      "cStandard": "c17",
      "cppStandard": "c++17",
      "intelliSenseMode": "gcc-x64"
    }
  ],
  "version": 4
}

launch.json
将 miDebuggerPath 换成你的gdb路径。

{
  "version": "0.2.0",
  "configurations": [
    {
      "name": "(gdb) Launch", 
      "type": "cppdbg", 
      "request": "launch", 
      "program": "${fileDirname}\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe", 
      "args": [], 
      "stopAtEntry": false,
      "cwd": "${workspaceRoot}",
      "environment": [],
      "externalConsole": true, 
      "MIMode": "gdb",
      "miDebuggerPath": "C:\\MinGW\\bin\\gdb.exe",
      "preLaunchTask": "g++",
      "setupCommands": [
        {
          "description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb",
          "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
          "ignoreFailures": true
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}

settings.json

{
  "json.schemaDownload.enable": false,
  "files.associations": {
    "*.py": "python",
    "iostream": "cpp",
    "*.tcc": "cpp",
    "string": "cpp",
    "unordered_map": "cpp",
    "vector": "cpp",
    "ostream": "cpp",
    "new": "cpp",
    "typeinfo": "cpp",
    "deque": "cpp",
    "initializer_list": "cpp",
    "iosfwd": "cpp",
    "fstream": "cpp",
    "sstream": "cpp",
    "map": "c",
    "stdio.h": "c",
    "algorithm": "cpp",
    "atomic": "cpp",
    "bit": "cpp",
    "cctype": "cpp",
    "clocale": "cpp",
    "cmath": "cpp",
    "compare": "cpp",
    "concepts": "cpp",
    "cstddef": "cpp",
    "cstdint": "cpp",
    "cstdio": "cpp",
    "cstdlib": "cpp",
    "cstring": "cpp",
    "ctime": "cpp",
    "cwchar": "cpp",
    "exception": "cpp",
    "ios": "cpp",
    "istream": "cpp",
    "iterator": "cpp",
    "limits": "cpp",
    "memory": "cpp",
    "random": "cpp",
    "set": "cpp",
    "stack": "cpp",
    "stdexcept": "cpp",
    "streambuf": "cpp",
    "system_error": "cpp",
    "tuple": "cpp",
    "type_traits": "cpp",
    "utility": "cpp",
    "xfacet": "cpp",
    "xiosbase": "cpp",
    "xlocale": "cpp",
    "xlocinfo": "cpp",
    "xlocnum": "cpp",
    "xmemory": "cpp",
    "xstddef": "cpp",
    "xstring": "cpp",
    "xtr1common": "cpp",
    "xtree": "cpp",
    "xutility": "cpp",
    "stdlib.h": "c",
    "string.h": "c"
  },
  "editor.suggest.snippetsPreventQuickSuggestions": false,
  "aiXcoder.showTrayIcon": true
}

tasks.json

{
  "version": "2.0.0",
  "tasks": [
    {
      "label": "g++",
      "command": "g++",
      "args": [
        "-g",
        "${file}",
        "-o",
        "${fileDirname}/${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe"
      ],
      "problemMatcher": {
        "owner": "cpp",
        "fileLocation": ["relative", "${workspaceRoot}"],
        "pattern": {
          "regexp": "^(.*):(\\d+):(\\d+):\\s+(warning|error):\\s+(.*)$",
          "file": 1,
          "line": 2,
          "column": 3,
          "severity": 4,
          "message": 5
        }
      },
      "group": {
        "kind": "build",
        "isDefault": true
      }
    }
  ]
}