Docker容器嵌入式开发:Docker Ubuntu18.04配置mysql数据库

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在 Ubuntu 18.04 操作系统中安装 MySQL 数据库的过程。下面是安装过程的详细描述:

首先,使用以下命令安装 MySQL 服务器:

sudo apt install mysql-server

系统会提示是否继续安装,按下 Y 键确认。

安装过程中,系统会下载并安装 MySQL 相关的软件包,包括 libaio1、mysql-client-5.7、mysql-client-core-5.7、mysql-server-core-5.7、psmisc、libevent-core-2.1-6、mysql-server-5.7 和 libhtml-template-perl 等。

安装过程中可能会出现 Perl 警告,关于语言环境的设置失败,但不影响 MySQL 的安装过程。

安装完成后,MySQL 服务器将自动启动。可以使用以下命令检查 MySQL 服务器的状态:

sudo systemctl status mysql

或者

sudo service mysql status

如果 MySQL 服务器正在运行,则会显示 MySQL is running。如果 MySQL 服务器未启动,则会显示 MySQL is stopped。

如果 MySQL 服务器未启动,可以使用以下命令启动 MySQL 服务器:

sudo service mysql start

为了确保 MySQL 服务器在系统启动时自动启动,可以使用以下命令启用 MySQL 服务器的自动启动:

sudo systemctl enable mysql

如果在安装过程中出现了语言环境的警告,可以使用以下命令安装英文语言包并设置默认语言环境为英文:

sudo apt install language-pack-en
sudo update-locale LANG=en_US.UTF-8

通过以上步骤,你可以在 Ubuntu 18.04 操作系统中安装并启动 MySQL 数据库服务器,并确保在系统重启时自动启动。

操作记录如下:

sudo apt install mysql-server
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  gyp libjs-async libjs-inherits libjs-node-uuid libjs-underscore libuv1-dev node-abbrev node-ansi node-ansi-color-table node-archy node-async node-balanced-match node-block-stream
  node-brace-expansion node-builtin-modules node-combined-stream node-concat-map node-cookie-jar node-delayed-stream node-forever-agent node-form-data node-fs.realpath node-fstream
  node-fstream-ignore node-github-url-from-git node-glob node-graceful-fs node-hosted-git-info node-inflight node-inherits node-ini node-is-builtin-module node-isexe
  node-json-stringify-safe node-lockfile node-lru-cache node-mime node-minimatch node-mkdirp node-mute-stream node-node-uuid node-nopt node-normalize-package-data node-npmlog node-once
  node-osenv node-path-is-absolute node-pseudomap node-qs node-read node-read-package-json node-request node-retry node-rimraf node-semver node-sha node-slide node-spdx-correct
  node-spdx-expression-parse node-spdx-license-ids node-tar node-tunnel-agent node-underscore node-validate-npm-package-license node-which node-wrappy node-yallist
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following additional packages will be installed:
  libaio1 libevent-core-2.1-6 libhtml-template-perl mysql-client-5.7 mysql-client-core-5.7 mysql-server-5.7 mysql-server-core-5.7 psmisc
Suggested packages:
  libipc-sharedcache-perl mailx tinyca
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  libaio1 libevent-core-2.1-6 libhtml-template-perl mysql-client-5.7 mysql-client-core-5.7 mysql-server mysql-server-5.7 mysql-server-core-5.7 psmisc
0 upgraded, 9 newly installed, 0 to remove and 99 not upgraded.
Need to get 19.5 MB of archives.
After this operation, 156 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
Get:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 libaio1 amd64 0.3.110-5ubuntu0.1 [6476 B]
Get:2 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 mysql-client-core-5.7 amd64 5.7.42-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 [6752 kB]
Get:3 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 mysql-client-5.7 amd64 5.7.42-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 [2028 kB]
Get:4 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 mysql-server-core-5.7 amd64 5.7.42-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 [7542 kB]
Get:5 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 psmisc amd64 23.1-1ubuntu0.1 [52.5 kB]
Get:6 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 libevent-core-2.1-6 amd64 2.1.8-stable-4build1 [85.9 kB]
Get:7 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 mysql-server-5.7 amd64 5.7.42-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 [3011 kB]
Get:8 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 libhtml-template-perl all 2.97-1 [59.0 kB]
Get:9 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 mysql-server all 5.7.42-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 [9944 B]
Fetched 19.5 MB in 5s (3766 kB/s)
perl: warning: Setting locale failed.
perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings:
        LANGUAGE = (unset),
        LC_ALL = (unset),
        LANG = "en_US.UTF-8"
    are supported and installed on your system.
perl: warning: Falling back to the standard locale ("C").
locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_MESSAGES to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory
debconf: delaying package configuration, since apt-utils is not installed
Selecting previously unselected package libaio1:amd64.
(Reading database ... 124808 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../0-libaio1_0.3.110-5ubuntu0.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libaio1:amd64 (0.3.110-5ubuntu0.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package mysql-client-core-5.7.
Preparing to unpack .../1-mysql-client-core-5.7_5.7.42-0ubuntu0.18.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking mysql-client-core-5.7 (5.7.42-0ubuntu0.18.04.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package mysql-client-5.7.
Preparing to unpack .../2-mysql-client-5.7_5.7.42-0ubuntu0.18.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking mysql-client-5.7 (5.7.42-0ubuntu0.18.04.1) ...
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Selecting previously unselected package mysql-server-5.7.
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locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_MESSAGES to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory
Unpacking mysql-server-5.7 (5.7.42-0ubuntu0.18.04.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libhtml-template-perl.
Preparing to unpack .../7-libhtml-template-perl_2.97-1_all.deb ...
Unpacking libhtml-template-perl (2.97-1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package mysql-server.
Preparing to unpack .../8-mysql-server_5.7.42-0ubuntu0.18.04.1_all.deb ...
Unpacking mysql-server (5.7.42-0ubuntu0.18.04.1) ...
Setting up libevent-core-2.1-6:amd64 (2.1.8-stable-4build1) ...
Setting up psmisc (23.1-1ubuntu0.1) ...
Setting up libhtml-template-perl (2.97-1) ...
Setting up libaio1:amd64 (0.3.110-5ubuntu0.1) ...
Setting up mysql-client-core-5.7 (5.7.42-0ubuntu0.18.04.1) ...
Setting up mysql-server-core-5.7 (5.7.42-0ubuntu0.18.04.1) ...
Setting up mysql-client-5.7 (5.7.42-0ubuntu0.18.04.1) ...
Setting up mysql-server-5.7 (5.7.42-0ubuntu0.18.04.1) ...
locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_MESSAGES to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory
invoke-rc.d: could not determine current runlevel
invoke-rc.d: policy-rc.d denied execution of stop.
update-alternatives: using /etc/mysql/mysql.cnf to provide /etc/mysql/my.cnf (my.cnf) in auto mode
Renaming removed key_buffer and myisam-recover options (if present)
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mysql.service → /lib/systemd/system/mysql.service.
invoke-rc.d: could not determine current runlevel
invoke-rc.d: policy-rc.d denied execution of start.
Setting up mysql-server (5.7.42-0ubuntu0.18.04.1) ...
Processing triggers for systemd (237-3ubuntu10.57) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.8.3-2ubuntu0.1) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.27-3ubuntu1.6) ...
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(tfv1) root@98031e181845:/data/myapp2024/myBigDataApplicationDevelopment# apt update
Get:1 file:/var/nv-tensorrt-repo-ubuntu1804-cuda11.1-trt7.2.3.4-ga-20210226  InRelease
Ign:1 file:/var/nv-tensorrt-repo-ubuntu1804-cuda11.1-trt7.2.3.4-ga-20210226  InRelease
Get:2 file:/var/nv-tensorrt-repo-ubuntu1804-cuda11.1-trt7.2.3.4-ga-20210226  Release [569 B]
Get:2 file:/var/nv-tensorrt-repo-ubuntu1804-cuda11.1-trt7.2.3.4-ga-20210226  Release [569 B]
Hit:3 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security InRelease                                                                                          
Hit:4 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic InRelease                                                                                                    
Hit:5 http://ppa.launchpad.net/deadsnakes/ppa/ubuntu bionic InRelease                                                                
Hit:6 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates InRelease                                                                      
Get:7 http://ppa.launchpad.net/ethereum/ethereum/ubuntu bionic InRelease [15.4 kB]                                                                            
Hit:10 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-backports InRelease                                                                                                                            
Hit:12 http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntu-toolchain-r/test/ubuntu bionic InRelease                                                                          
Hit:13 https://dl.yarnpkg.com/debian stable InRelease                                                                                    
Hit:9 https://developer.download.nvidia.cn/compute/cuda/repos/ubuntu1804/x86_64  InRelease                   
Ign:11 https://developer.download.nvidia.cn/compute/machine-learning/repos/ubuntu1804/x86_64  InRelease
Hit:14 https://developer.download.nvidia.cn/compute/machine-learning/repos/ubuntu1804/x86_64  Release
Hit:16 https://apt.llvm.org/xenial llvm-toolchain-xenial-8 InRelease                                                                                                                          
Err:17 http://dist.carla.org/carla bionic InRelease                                                                                                                                           
  Could not connect to dist.carla.org:80 (34.227.255.250), connection timed out
Fetched 15.4 kB in 36s (429 B/s)                  
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
99 packages can be upgraded. Run 'apt list --upgradable' to see them.
W: Failed to fetch http://dist.carla.org/carla/dists/bionic/InRelease  Could not connect to dist.carla.org:80 (34.227.255.250), connection timed out
W: Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead.
(tfv1) root@98031e181845:/data/myapp2024/myBigDataApplicationDevelopment# sudo systemctl status mysql
System has not been booted with systemd as init system (PID 1). Can't operate.
(tfv1) root@98031e181845:/data/myapp2024/myBigDataApplicationDevelopment# sudo systemctl status mysql
System has not been booted with systemd as init system (PID 1). Can't operate.
(tfv1) root@98031e181845:/data/myapp2024/myBigDataApplicationDevelopment# 
(tfv1) root@98031e181845:/data/myapp2024/myBigDataApplicationDevelopment# 
(tfv1) root@98031e181845:/data/myapp2024/myBigDataApplicationDevelopment# 
(tfv1) root@98031e181845:/data/myapp2024/myBigDataApplicationDevelopment# 
(tfv1) root@98031e181845:/data/myapp2024/myBigDataApplicationDevelopment# 
(tfv1) root@98031e181845:/data/myapp2024/myBigDataApplicationDevelopment# 
(tfv1) root@98031e181845:/data/myapp2024/myBigDataApplicationDevelopment# 
(tfv1) root@98031e181845:/data/myapp2024/myBigDataApplicationDevelopment# 
(tfv1) root@98031e181845:/data/myapp2024/myBigDataApplicationDevelopment# 
(tfv1) root@98031e181845:/data/myapp2024/myBigDataApplicationDevelopment# 
(tfv1) root@98031e181845:/data/myapp2024/myBigDataApplicationDevelopment# 
(tfv1) root@98031e181845:/data/myapp2024/myBigDataApplicationDevelopment# 
(tfv1) root@98031e181845:/data/myapp2024/myBigDataApplicationDevelopment# sudo systemctl status mysql
System has not been booted with systemd as init system (PID 1). Can't operate.
(tfv1) root@98031e181845:/data/myapp2024/myBigDataApplicationDevelopment# sudo service mysql status
 * MySQL is stopped.
(tfv1) root@98031e181845:/data/myapp2024/myBigDataApplicationDevelopment# sudo systemctl status mysql
System has not been booted with systemd as init system (PID 1). Can't operate.
(tfv1) root@98031e181845:/data/myapp2024/myBigDataApplicationDevelopment# sudo service mysql status
 * MySQL is stopped.
(tfv1) root@98031e181845:/data/myapp2024/myBigDataApplicationDevelopment# sudo service mysql start
 * Starting MySQL database server mysqld                                                                                                                                                       No directory, logging in with HOME=/
                                                                                                                                                                                        [ OK ]
(tfv1) root@98031e181845:/data/myapp2024/myBigDataApplicationDevelopment# sudo systemctl enable mysql
Synchronizing state of mysql.service with SysV service script with /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install.
Executing: /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install enable mysql
perl: warning: Setting locale failed.
perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings:
        LANGUAGE = (unset),
        LC_ALL = (unset),
        LANG = "en_US.UTF-8"
    are supported and installed on your system.
perl: warning: Falling back to the standard locale ("C").
perl: warning: Setting locale failed.
perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings:
        LANGUAGE = (unset),
        LC_ALL = (unset),
        LANG = "en_US.UTF-8"
    are supported and installed on your system.
perl: warning: Falling back to the standard locale ("C").
(tfv1) root@98031e181845:/data/myapp2024/myBigDataApplicationDevelopment# sudo systemctl enable mysql
Synchronizing state of mysql.service with SysV service script with /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install.
Executing: /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install enable mysql
perl: warning: Setting locale failed.
perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings:
        LANGUAGE = (unset),
        LC_ALL = (unset),
        LANG = "en_US.UTF-8"
    are supported and installed on your system.
perl: warning: Falling back to the standard locale ("C").
perl: warning: Setting locale failed.
perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings:
        LANGUAGE = (unset),
        LC_ALL = (unset),
        LANG = "en_US.UTF-8"
    are supported and installed on your system.
perl: warning: Falling back to the standard locale ("C").
(tfv1) root@98031e181845:/data/myapp2024/myBigDataApplicationDevelopment# sudo service mysql start
 * Starting MySQL database server mysqld                                                                                                                                                [ OK ] 
(tfv1) root@98031e181845:/data/myapp2024/myBigDataApplicationDevelopment# sudo apt install language-pack-en
le LANG=en_US.UTF-8
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  gyp libjs-async libjs-inherits libjs-node-uuid libjs-underscore libuv1-dev node-abbrev node-ansi node-ansi-color-table node-archy node-async node-balanced-match node-block-stream
  node-brace-expansion node-builtin-modules node-combined-stream node-concat-map node-cookie-jar node-delayed-stream node-forever-agent node-form-data node-fs.realpath node-fstream
  node-fstream-ignore node-github-url-from-git node-glob node-graceful-fs node-hosted-git-info node-inflight node-inherits node-ini node-is-builtin-module node-isexe
  node-json-stringify-safe node-lockfile node-lru-cache node-mime node-minimatch node-mkdirp node-mute-stream node-node-uuid node-nopt node-normalize-package-data node-npmlog node-once
  node-osenv node-path-is-absolute node-pseudomap node-qs node-read node-read-package-json node-request node-retry node-rimraf node-semver node-sha node-slide node-spdx-correct
  node-spdx-expression-parse node-spdx-license-ids node-tar node-tunnel-agent node-underscore node-validate-npm-package-license node-which node-wrappy node-yallist
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following additional packages will be installed:
  language-pack-en-base locales
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  language-pack-en language-pack-en-base locales
0 upgraded, 3 newly installed, 0 to remove and 99 not upgraded.
Need to get 4282 kB of archives.
After this operation, 20.5 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Abort.
(tfv1) root@98031e181845:/data/myapp2024/myBigDataApplicationDevelopment# sudo apt install language-pack-en
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  gyp libjs-async libjs-inherits libjs-node-uuid libjs-underscore libuv1-dev node-abbrev node-ansi node-ansi-color-table node-archy node-async node-balanced-match node-block-stream
  node-brace-expansion node-builtin-modules node-combined-stream node-concat-map node-cookie-jar node-delayed-stream node-forever-agent node-form-data node-fs.realpath node-fstream
  node-fstream-ignore node-github-url-from-git node-glob node-graceful-fs node-hosted-git-info node-inflight node-inherits node-ini node-is-builtin-module node-isexe
  node-json-stringify-safe node-lockfile node-lru-cache node-mime node-minimatch node-mkdirp node-mute-stream node-node-uuid node-nopt node-normalize-package-data node-npmlog node-once
  node-osenv node-path-is-absolute node-pseudomap node-qs node-read node-read-package-json node-request node-retry node-rimraf node-semver node-sha node-slide node-spdx-correct
  node-spdx-expression-parse node-spdx-license-ids node-tar node-tunnel-agent node-underscore node-validate-npm-package-license node-which node-wrappy node-yallist
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following additional packages will be installed:
  language-pack-en-base locales
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  language-pack-en language-pack-en-base locales
0 upgraded, 3 newly installed, 0 to remove and 99 not upgraded.
Need to get 4282 kB of archives.
After this operation, 20.5 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
Get:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 locales all 2.27-3ubuntu1.6 [3613 kB]
Get:2 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 language-pack-en-base all 1:18.04+20180712 [419 kB]
Get:3 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 language-pack-en all 1:18.04+20190718 [250 kB]
Fetched 4282 kB in 4s (1067 kB/s)        
perl: warning: Setting locale failed.
perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings:
        LANGUAGE = (unset),
        LC_ALL = (unset),
        LANG = "en_US.UTF-8"
    are supported and installed on your system.
perl: warning: Falling back to the standard locale ("C").
locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_MESSAGES to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory
debconf: delaying package configuration, since apt-utils is not installed
Selecting previously unselected package locales.
(Reading database ... 125087 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../locales_2.27-3ubuntu1.6_all.deb ...
Unpacking locales (2.27-3ubuntu1.6) ...
Selecting previously unselected package language-pack-en-base.
Preparing to unpack .../language-pack-en-base_1%3a18.04+20180712_all.deb ...
Unpacking language-pack-en-base (1:18.04+20180712) ...
Selecting previously unselected package language-pack-en.
Preparing to unpack .../language-pack-en_1%3a18.04+20190718_all.deb ...
Unpacking language-pack-en (1:18.04+20190718) ...
Replacing files in old package language-pack-en-base (1:18.04+20180712) ...
Setting up locales (2.27-3ubuntu1.6) ...
Generating locales (this might take a while)...
  en_AG.UTF-8... done
  en_AU.UTF-8... done
  en_BW.UTF-8... done
  en_CA.UTF-8... done
  en_DK.UTF-8... done
  en_GB.UTF-8... done
  en_HK.UTF-8... done
  en_IE.UTF-8... done
  en_IL.UTF-8... done
  en_IN.UTF-8... done
  en_NG.UTF-8... done
  en_NZ.UTF-8... done
  en_PH.UTF-8... done
  en_SG.UTF-8... done
  en_US.UTF-8... done
  en_ZA.UTF-8... done
  en_ZM.UTF-8... done
  en_ZW.UTF-8... done
Generation complete.
Setting up language-pack-en (1:18.04+20190718) ...
Setting up language-pack-en-base (1:18.04+20180712) ...
Generating locales (this might take a while)...
Generation complete.
Processing triggers for man-db (2.8.3-2ubuntu0.1) ...
(tfv1) root@98031e181845:/data/myapp2024/myBigDataApplicationDevelopment# sudo update-locale LANG=en_US.UTF-8
(tfv1) root@98031e181845:/data/myapp2024/myBigDataApplicationDevelopment# sudo systemctl enable mysql
Synchronizing state of mysql.service with SysV service script with /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install.
Executing: /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install enable mysql
(tfv1) root@98031e181845:/data/myapp2024/myBigDataApplicationDevelopment# sudo systemctl enable mysql
Synchronizing state of mysql.service with SysV service script with /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install.
Executing: /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install enable mysql
(tfv1) root@98031e181845:/data/myapp2024/myBigDataApplicationDevelopment# sudo service mysql status
 * /usr/bin/mysqladmin  Ver 8.42 Distrib 5.7.42, for Linux on x86_64
Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Server version          5.7.42-0ubuntu0.18.04.1
Protocol version        10
Connection              Localhost via UNIX socket
UNIX socket             /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
Uptime:                 3 min 39 sec

Threads: 1  Questions: 10  Slow queries: 0  Opens: 106  Flush tables: 1  Open tables: 99  Queries per second avg: 0.045
(tfv1) root@98031e181845:/data/myapp2024/myBigDataApplicationDevelopment# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 17
Server version: 5.7.42-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 (Ubuntu)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> 
mysql> 
mysql> 
mysql> 
mysql> 
mysql> ls
    -> 
    -> SHOW DATABASES;


mysql> SHOW DATABASES;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> 

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