C++数据结构——顺序表

以下代码可以作为一个顺序表的模板，从顺序表的初始化创建到增删改查，都有详细的过程，供学习参考。

#include<iostream>
#include<stdio.h>

using namespace std;

#define elemType int

struct SequentialList
{
    elemType *elements; 
    int size;
    int capacity;
};

//初始化
void initializeList(SequentialList *list,int capacity)
{
    list->elements = new elemType[capacity];
    list->size = 0;
    list->capacity = capacity;
}
//销毁
void destroyList(SequentialList *list)
{
    delete[] list->elements;
    
}
//当前大小
int size(SequentialList *list)
{
    return list->size;
}

//判断是否为空
bool isEmpty(SequentialList *list)
{
    return list->size == 0;
}

//顺序表插入
void insert(SequentialList *list,int index,elemType elements)
{
    if(index < 0 || index > list->size){
        throw std::invalid_argument("Invalid index");
    }
    //扩容
    if(list->size == list->capacity){
        int newCapacity = list->capacity * 2;
        elemType *newElements = new elemType[newCapacity];

        for(int i = 0; i < list->size; ++i){
          newElements[i] = list->elements[i];
        }
        delete[] list->elements;
        list->elements = newElements;  //指向新的内存空间
        list->capacity = newCapacity;
    }
    //从后往前遍历
    for(int i = list->size; i > index; --i){
        list->elements[i] = list->elements[i-1];
    }
    list->elements[index] = elements;
    list->size ++;

}

//删除元素
void deleteElement(SequentialList *list,int index)
{
    if(index < 0 || index >= list->size){
        throw std::invalid_argument("Invalid index");
    }
    //从前往后遍历
    for(int i = index; i < list->size - 1; ++i){
        list->elements[i] = list->elements[i+1];
    }
    list->size --;
}
//找到指定元素
int findElement(SequentialList *list,elemType element)
{
    for(int i = 0; i < list->size; ++i){
        if(list->elements[i] == element){
            return i;
        }
    }   
    return -1;
    
}

//获取元素
elemType getElement(SequentialList *list,int index)
{
    if(index < 0 || index >= list->size){
        throw std::invalid_argument("Invalid index");
    }
    return list->elements[index];
    
}

//修改元素
void upDateElement(SequentialList *list,int index,elemType value)
{
    if(index < 0 || index >= list->size){
        throw std::invalid_argument("Invalid index");
    }
    list->elements[index] = value;

}

int main()
{
    SequentialList myList;

    initializeList(&myList,10);

    for(int i = 0; i < 10; ++i){
        insert(&myList, i, i*10);
       
    }

    std::cout << "Size:" << size(&myList) << std::endl;
    std::cout << "is empty:" << isEmpty(&myList) << std::endl;

    std::cout << "顺序表元素：" ;
    for(int i = 0;i < size(&myList); ++i){
       std::cout << getElement(&myList,i) << " ";
    }
    cout << endl;

    std::cout <<  "删除第五个后：" ;
    deleteElement(&myList,5);
    for(int i = 0;i < size(&myList); ++i){
       std::cout <<  getElement(&myList,i) << " ";
    }
    cout << endl;

    std::cout <<  "修改第一个后：" ;
    upDateElement(&myList,1,1122);
    for(int i = 0;i < size(&myList); ++i){
       std::cout << getElement(&myList,i) << " ";
    }
    cout << endl;

    std::cout <<  "找到元素并修改：" ;
    int idx = findElement(&myList,20);
    upDateElement(&myList,idx,520);
    for(int i = 0;i < size(&myList); ++i){
       std::cout << getElement(&myList,i) << " ";
    }
    cout << endl;

    std::cout <<"从最后插入元素: ";
    insert(&myList,9,100);
    for(int i = 0;i < size(&myList); ++i){
       std::cout << getElement(&myList,i) << " ";
    }
    cout << endl;

    std::cout <<"获取第五个元素: ";
    std::cout << getElement(&myList,5) << std::endl;

    destroyList(&myList);

    return 0;
}

运行结果：