写在前面：
- 本系列专栏主要介绍C++的相关知识，思路以下面的参考链接教程为主，大部分笔记也出自该教程，笔者的原创部分主要在示例代码的注释部分。
- 除了参考下面的链接教程以外，笔者还参考了其它的一些C++教材（比如计算机二级教材和C语言教材），笔者认为重要的部分大多都会用粗体标注（未被标注出的部分可能全是重点，可根据相关部分的示例代码量和注释量判断，或者根据实际经验判断）。
- 如有错漏欢迎指出。
参考教程：黑马程序员匠心之作|C++教程从0到1入门编程,学习编程不再难_哔哩哔哩_bilibili
一、通讯录管理系统
1、系统需求
（1）通讯录管理系统中需要实现的功能如下：
①添加联系人：向通讯录中添加新人，信息包括（姓名、性别、年龄、联系电话、家庭住址）最多记录1000人。
②显示联系人：显示通讯录中所有联系人信息。
③删除联系人：按照姓名进行删除指定联系人。
④查找联系人：按照姓名查看指定联系人信息。
⑤修改联系人：按照姓名重新修改指定联系人。
⑥清空联系人：清空通讯录中所有信息。
⑦退出通讯录：退出当前使用的通讯录。
（2）菜单界面效果如下图：
2、参考代码
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include<string>
#define MAX 1000
//封装函数显示菜单界面
void showMenu()
{
cout << "***************************" << endl;
cout << "***** 1、添加联系人 *****" << endl;
cout << "***** 2、显示联系人 *****" << endl;
cout << "***** 3、删除联系人 *****" << endl;
cout << "***** 4、查找联系人 *****" << endl;
cout << "***** 5、修改联系人 *****" << endl;
cout << "***** 6、清空联系人 *****" << endl;
cout << "***** 0、退出通讯录 *****" << endl;
cout << "***************************" << endl;
}
//设计联系人结构体
struct Person
{
string m_name; //姓名
int m_Sex; //性别：1-男 2-女
int m_Age; //年龄
string m_Phone; //电话号码
string m_Addr; //地址
};
//设计通讯录结构体
struct Addressbooks
{
struct Person personArray[MAX]; //通讯录中保存的联系人数组
int m_Size; //通讯录当前记录联系人个数
};
//添加联系人
void addPerson(struct Addressbooks * abs)
{
if (abs->m_Size == MAX-1)
{
cout << "通讯率已满，无法添加！" << endl;
return;
}
else
{
string name;
cout << "请输入姓名： " << endl;
cin >> name;
abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_name = name;
int sex = 0;
cout << "请输入性别： " << endl;
cout << "1---男 2---女 " << endl;
cin >> sex;
while (true)
{
if (sex == 1 || sex == 2)
{
abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Sex = sex;
break; //输入有效的性别数字，可以成功记录，退出循环，否则重新输入
}
else
{
cout << "你是不是找茬？好好输！" << endl;
cin >> sex;
}
}
int age = 0;
cout << "请输入年龄： " << endl;
cin >> age;
abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Age = age;
string number;
cout << "请输入联系电话： " << endl;
cin >> number;
abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Phone = number;
string address;
cout << "请输入家庭住址： " << endl;
cin >> address;
abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Addr = address;
(abs->m_Size)++; //更新通讯录人数
cout << "添加成功" << endl;
system("pause"); //请按任意键继续
system("cls"); //清屏操作
}
}
//显示所有联系人
void showPreson(Addressbooks * abs)
{
if ((abs->m_Size) == 0)
{
cout << "通讯录没有联系人" << endl;
}
else
{
for (int i = 0; i < abs->m_Size; i++)
{
cout << "姓名：" << abs->personArray[i].m_name << "\t";
cout << "性别：" << (abs->personArray[i].m_Sex == 1 ? "男" : "女") << "\t";
cout << "年龄：" << abs->personArray[i].m_Age << "\t";
cout << "电话：" << abs->personArray[i].m_Phone << "\t";
cout << "家庭住址：" << abs->personArray[i].m_Addr << endl;
}
}
system("pause"); //请按任意键继续
system("cls"); //清屏操作
}
//检测（判断）联系人是否存在
int isExist(Addressbooks * abs,string name)
{
for (int i = 0; i < abs->m_Size; i++)
{
if (abs->personArray[i].m_name == name) //如果找到用户输入的姓名
{
return i; //把用户在通讯录的位置返回去
}
}
return -1; //找不到该用户，返回-1
}
//删除联系人
void deletePreson(Addressbooks * abs)
{
cout << "请输入删除联系人姓名：" << endl;
string name;
cin >> name;
if (isExist(abs, name) == -1) //先查这个人在不在
{
cout << "查无此人,删不了" << endl;
}
else //要删人，直接把这个人后面的人的数据往前移一格，覆盖这个人的数据
{
for (int i = isExist(abs, name); i < abs->m_Size; i++)
{
abs->personArray[i] = abs->personArray[i + 1];
}
abs->m_Size--; //更新通讯录中的人员数
cout << "删除成功" << endl;
}
system("pause"); //请按任意键继续
system("cls"); //清屏操作
}
//查找联系人
void findPerson(Addressbooks * abs)
{
cout << "请输入您要查找的联系人：" << endl;
string name;
cin >> name;
int ret = isExist(abs, name);
if (ret == -1) //先查这个人在不在
{
cout << "查无此人" << endl;
}
else
{
cout << "姓名：" << abs->personArray[ret].m_name << "\t";
cout << "性别：" << (abs->personArray[ret].m_Sex == 1 ? "男" : "女") << "\t";
cout << "年龄：" << abs->personArray[ret].m_Age << "\t";
cout << "电话：" << abs->personArray[ret].m_Phone << "\t";
cout << "家庭住址：" << abs->personArray[ret].m_Addr << endl;
}
system("pause"); //请按任意键继续
system("cls"); //清屏操作
}
//修改联系人
void modifyPerson(Addressbooks * abs)
{
cout << "请输入您要修改的联系人：" << endl;
string name;
cin >> name;
int ret = isExist(abs, name);
if (ret == -1) //先查这个人在不在
{
cout << "查无此人" << endl;
}
else
{
cout << "请输入修改后的姓名：" << endl;
cin >> abs->personArray[ret].m_name;
cout << "请输入修改后的性别（1--男，2--女）：" << endl;
int sex = 0;
while (true)
{
cin >> sex;
if (sex == 1 || sex == 2)
{
abs->personArray[ret].m_Sex = sex;
break;
}
else
{
cout << "你输入了无效数字，重输！" << endl;
}
}
cout << "请输入修改后的年龄：" << endl;
cin >> abs->personArray[ret].m_Age ;
cout << "请输入修改后的电话号码：" << endl;
cin >> abs->personArray[ret].m_Phone ;
cout << "请输入修改后的家庭住址：" << endl;
cin >> abs->personArray[ret].m_Addr ;
cout << "修改成功了捏" << endl;
}
system("pause"); //请按任意键继续
system("cls"); //清屏操作
}
//清空联系人
void cleanPerson(Addressbooks * abs)
{
abs->m_Size = 0; //把当前记录联系人数量置零，做逻辑清空操作
//上面的函数全都需要m_Size参与，一旦这个值为0，很多语句都不会执行
cout << "通讯录已清空" << endl;
system("pause"); //请按任意键继续
system("cls"); //清屏操作
}
int main(){
int select = 0; //创建用户选择输入的变量
Addressbooks abs;//创建通讯录结构体变量
abs.m_Size = 0; //初始化通讯录中当前人员个数
showMenu(); //菜单调用
while (true)
{
cin >> select;
switch (select)
{
case 1:
addPerson(&abs); //利用地址传递，可以修饰实参
break; //添加联系人
case 2:
showPreson(&abs);
break; //显示联系人
case 3:
deletePreson(&abs);
break; //删除联系人
case 4:
findPerson(&abs);
break; //查找联系人
case 5:
modifyPerson(&abs);
break; //修改联系人
case 6:
cleanPerson(&abs) ;
break; //清空联系人
case 0:
{
cout << "欢迎下次使用" << endl;
system("pause");
return 0;
}
break; //退出通讯录
default:break;
}
showMenu(); //清屏后重新显示菜单
}
}二、职工管理系统
1、系统需求
（1）公司中职工分为普通员工、经理、老板三类，显示信息时需要显示职工编号、职工姓名、职工岗位、以及职责。
（2）管理系统中需要实现的功能如下：
①退出管理程序：退出当前管理系统.
②增加职工信息：实现批量添加职工功能，将信息录入到文件中，职工信息为：职工编号、姓名、部门编号。
③显示职工信息：显示公司内部所有职工的信息。
④删除离职职工：按照编号删除指定的职工。
⑤修改职工信息：按照编号修改职工个人信息。
⑥查找职工信息：按照职工的编号或者职工的姓名进行查找相关的人员信息。
⑦按照编号排序：按照职工编号，进行排序，排序规则由用户指定。
⑧清空所有文档：清空文件中记录的所有职工信息 （清空前需要再次确认，防止误删）。
（3）系统界面效果图如下：
2、参考代码
（1）职工管理系统.cpp
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include"workerManager.h"
#include"worker.h"
#include"employee.h"
#include"boss.h"
#include"manager.h"
void test01()
{
Worker *w1 = NULL;
w1 = new Employee(1, "张三", 1);
w1->showInof();
delete w1;
Worker *w2 = NULL;
w2 = new Manager(2, "李四", 2);
w2->showInof();
delete w2;
Worker *w3 = NULL;
w3 = new Boss(3, "王五", 3);
w3->showInof();
delete w3;
}
int main()
{
/*test01();
return 0;*/
WorkerManager wm;
int choice = 0;
while (true)
{
wm.Show_Menu();
cout << "请输入您的选择：" << endl;
cin >> choice;
switch (choice)
{
case 0: //退出系统
wm.exitSystem();
break;
case 1: //增加职工
wm.Add_Emp();
break;
case 2: //显示职工
wm.Show_Emp();
break;
case 3: //删除职工
wm.Del_Emp();
break;
case 4: //修改职工
wm.Mod_Emp();
break;
case 5: //查找职工
wm.Find_Emp();
break;
case 6: //职工排序
wm.Sort_Emp();
break;
case 7: //清空文档
wm.Clean_File();
break;
default:
{
cout << "你是不是不想干了？重输！" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
break;
}
}
}
system("pause");
return 0;
}（2）workermanager.cpp
#include"workerManager.h"
#include<string>
WorkerManager::WorkerManager()
{
ifstream ifs; //如果文件不存在
ifs.open(FILENAME, ios::in); //读文件
if (!ifs.is_open())
{
//cout << "文件不存在!" << endl;
m_EmpNum = 0; //初始化人数
m_EmpArray = NULL; //初始化数组指针
this->m_FileIsEmpty = true;
ifs.close();
return;
}
char ch; //如果文件为空
ifs >> ch;
if (ifs.eof())
{
//cout << "文件为空!" << endl;
m_EmpNum = 0; //初始化人数
m_EmpArray = NULL; //初始化数组指针
this->m_FileIsEmpty = true;
ifs.close();
return;
}
int num = this->get_EmpNum();
//cout << "职工人数为： " << num << endl;
this->m_EmpNum = num;
this->m_EmpArray = new Worker*[this->m_EmpNum]; //开辟空间
this->init_Emp(); //将文件中的数据存到数组中
}
int WorkerManager::get_EmpNum()
{
ifstream ifs;
ifs.open(FILENAME, ios::in); //打开文件，读它
int id;
string name;
int dId;
int num = 0;
while (ifs >> id && ifs >> name && ifs >> dId)
{
num++; //统计人数的变量
}
return num;
}
WorkerManager::~WorkerManager()
{
if (this->m_EmpArray != NULL)
{
delete[]this->m_EmpArray;
this->m_EmpArray = NULL;
}
}
void WorkerManager::Show_Menu()
{
cout << "********************************************" << endl;
cout << "********* 欢迎使用职工管理系统！ **********" << endl;
cout << "************* 0.退出管理程序 *************" << endl;
cout << "************* 1.增加职工信息 *************" << endl;
cout << "************* 2.显示职工信息 *************" << endl;
cout << "************* 3.删除离职职工 *************" << endl;
cout << "************* 4.修改职工信息 *************" << endl;
cout << "************* 5.查找职工信息 *************" << endl;
cout << "************* 6.按照编号排序 *************" << endl;
cout << "************* 7.清空所有文档 *************" << endl;
cout << "********************************************" << endl;
cout << endl;
}
void WorkerManager::exitSystem()
{
cout << "欢迎下次使用" << endl;
system("pause");
exit(0); //退出系统
}
void WorkerManager::Add_Emp()
{
cout << "请输入需要增加职工的数量： ";
int AddNum = 0;
cin >> AddNum;
if (AddNum > 0)
{
int newSize = this->m_EmpNum + AddNum; //计算新空间的大小
Worker ** newSpace = new Worker*[newSize]; //开辟新空间
if (this->m_EmpArray != NULL) //将原空间下的内容存放到新空间下
{
for (int i = 0; i < m_EmpNum; i++)
{
newSpace[i] = m_EmpArray[i];
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < AddNum; i++) //输入新数据
{
int id;
string name;
int dSelect;
cout << "请输入第" << i + 1 << "个新职工的编号: ";
bool pass = true;
while (true)
{
cin >> id;
for (int i = 0; i < m_EmpNum; i++)
{
if (m_EmpArray[i]->m_Id == id)
{
cout << "该编号已存在，请核实输入是否有误!" << endl;
cout << "重新输入： ";
pass = false;
break;
}
}
if (pass)
{
break;
}
}
cout << "请输入第" << i + 1 << "个新职工的姓名: ";
cin >> name;
cout << "请选择第" << i + 1 << "个新职工的岗位: " << endl
<< "1、普通职工" << endl
<< "2、经理" << endl
<< "3、老板" << endl;
cin >> dSelect;
Worker * worker = NULL;
switch (dSelect)
{
case 1:
worker = new Employee(id, name, 1);
break;
case 2:
worker = new Manager(id, name, 2);
break;
case 3:
worker = new Boss(id, name, 3);
break;
default:
break;
}
newSpace[m_EmpNum + i] = worker;
}
delete[]this->m_EmpArray; //释放原有空间
this->m_EmpArray = newSpace; //更新新空间的指向
m_EmpNum = newSize; //更新新的个数
cout << "添加成功了嗷" << endl;
this->m_FileIsEmpty = false; //更新职工不为空的标志
save();
}
else
{
cout << "你是不是想扣工资？" << endl;
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
void WorkerManager::save()
{
ofstream ofs;
ofs.open(FILENAME, ios::out);
for (int i = 0; i < this->m_EmpNum; i++)
{
ofs << this->m_EmpArray[i]->m_Id << " "
<< this->m_EmpArray[i]->m_Name << " "
<< this->m_EmpArray[i]->m_Deptid << endl;
}
ofs.close();
}
void WorkerManager::init_Emp()
{
ifstream ifs;
ifs.open(FILENAME, ios::in);
int id;
string name;
int dId;
int index = 0;
while (ifs >> id && ifs >> name && ifs >> dId)
{
Worker * worker = NULL;
switch (dId)
{
case 1:
worker = new Employee(id, name, dId);
break;
case 2:
worker = new Manager(id, name, dId);
break;
case 3:
worker = new Boss(id, name, dId);
break;
default:
break;
}
this->m_EmpArray[index] = worker;
index++;
}
ifs.close();
}
void WorkerManager::Show_Emp()
{
if (this->m_FileIsEmpty)
{
cout << "文件不存在或记录为空" << endl;
}
else
{
for (int i = 0; i < m_EmpNum; i++) //利用多态调用函数接口
{
this->m_EmpArray[i]->showInof();
}
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
int WorkerManager::IsExist(int id)
{
int index = -1;
for (int i = 0; i < m_EmpNum; i++)
{
if (m_EmpArray[i]->m_Id == id)
{
index = i;
break;
}
}
return index;
}
void WorkerManager::Del_Emp()
{
if (this->m_FileIsEmpty)
{
cout << "文件不存在或记录为空！" << endl;
}
else
{
int id = 0;
cout << "请输入需要删除职工的编号： " << endl;
cin >> id;
int id0 = IsExist(id);
if (id0 == -1)
{
cout << "没找到该编号对应的员工，请核实是否输入正确" << endl;
}
else
{
cout << "您确定要删除吗？" << endl;
cout << "姓名： " << m_EmpArray[id0]->m_Name;
switch (m_EmpArray[id0]->m_Deptid)
{
case 1:
cout << " 职位：普通员工" << endl;
break;
case 2:
cout << " 职位：经理" << endl;
break;
case 3:
cout << " 职位：老板" << endl;
break;
default:
break;
}
int select = 0;
cout << "输入1即删除，输入其它数则将直接回到主界面" << endl;
cin >> select;
if (select == 1)
{
for (int i = id0; i < m_EmpNum - 1; i++)
{
m_EmpArray[i] = m_EmpArray[i + 1];
}
m_EmpNum--; //更新数组中记录的人员个数
save(); //数据同步更新到文件中
}
}
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
void WorkerManager::Mod_Emp()
{
if (this->m_FileIsEmpty)
{
cout << "文件不存在或记录为空！" << endl;
}
else
{
int id = 0;
cout << "请输入需要修改职工的编号： " << endl;
cin >> id;
int id0 = IsExist(id);
if (id0 == -1)
{
cout << "没找到该编号对应的员工，请核实是否输入正确" << endl;
}
else
{
int newId = 0;
string newName = "";
int dSelect = 0;
cout << "查到" << id << "号职工的姓名为" << m_EmpArray[id0]->m_Name;
switch (m_EmpArray[id0]->m_Deptid)
{
case 1:
cout << " 职位：普通员工" << endl;
break;
case 2:
cout << " 职位：经理" << endl;
break;
case 3:
cout << " 职位：老板" << endl;
break;
default:
break;
}
cout << "请输入新职工号（如果不是更改这项，输入原来的即可，下同理）： " << endl;
cin >> newId;
cout << "请输入新姓名： " << endl;
cin >> newName;
cout << "请输入新岗位相应的编号： " << endl;
cout << "1、普通职工" << endl;
cout << "2、经理" << endl;
cout << "3、老板" << endl;
cin >> dSelect;
Worker * worker = NULL;
switch (dSelect)
{
case 1:
worker = new Employee(newId, newName, 1);
break;
case 2:
worker = new Manager(newId, newName, 2);
break;
case 3:
worker = new Boss(newId, newName, 3);
break;
default:
break;
}
this->m_EmpArray[id0] = worker;
cout << "修改成功了嗷" << endl;
save();
}
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
void WorkerManager::Find_Emp()
{
if (this->m_FileIsEmpty)
{
cout << "文件不存在或记录为空！" << endl;
}
else
{
int select = 0;
cout << "按照职工编号查找请输入1： " << endl;
cout << "按照职工姓名查找请输入2： " << endl;
cout << "筛选相应岗位的所有员工请输入3： " << endl;
cin >> select;
if (select == 1)
{
cout << "输入需要查找的职工编号：";
int id = 0;
int j1 = 0;
cin >> id;
for (int i = 0; i < m_EmpNum; i++)
{
if (m_EmpArray[i]->m_Id == id)
{
m_EmpArray[i]->showInof();
break;
}
j1++;
}
if (j1 == m_EmpNum)
{
cout << "查无此人" << endl;
}
}
else if (select == 2)
{
cout << "输入需要查找的职工姓名：";
string name;
cin >> name;
int j2 = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < m_EmpNum; i++)
{
if (m_EmpArray[i]->m_Name == name)
{
m_EmpArray[i]->showInof();
j2++;
}
}
if (j2 == 0)
{
cout << "查无此人" << endl;
}
}
else if (select == 3)
{
cout << "请输入筛选目标岗位相应的编号： " << endl;
cout << "1、普通职工" << endl;
cout << "2、经理" << endl;
cout << "3、老板" << endl;
int slt = 0;
cin >> slt;
switch (slt)
{
case 1:
{
for (int i = 0; i < m_EmpNum; i++)
{
if (m_EmpArray[i]->m_Deptid == 1)
{
m_EmpArray[i]->showInof();
}
}
break;
}
case 2:
{
for (int i = 0; i < m_EmpNum; i++)
{
if (m_EmpArray[i]->m_Deptid == 2)
{
m_EmpArray[i]->showInof();
}
}
break;
}
case 3:
{
for (int i = 0; i < m_EmpNum; i++)
{
if (m_EmpArray[i]->m_Deptid == 3)
{
m_EmpArray[i]->showInof();
}
}
break;
}
default:
cout << "你输入了无效编号，再见" << endl;
break;
}
}
else
{
cout << "666666666666666666，6死了" << endl;
}
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
void WorkerManager::Sort_Emp()
{
if (this->m_FileIsEmpty)
{
cout << "文件不存在或记录为空！" << endl;
}
else
{
cout << "按照编号进行升序排序请扣1，按照编号进行降序排序请扣2，不要乱扣哦";
int select;
cin >> select;
if (select == 1)
{
for (int i = 0; i < m_EmpNum-1; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < m_EmpNum - i - 1; j++)
{
if (m_EmpArray[j]->m_Id > m_EmpArray[j + 1]->m_Id)
{
Worker * temp = m_EmpArray[j + 1];
m_EmpArray[j + 1] = m_EmpArray[j];
m_EmpArray[j] = temp;
}
}
}
}
else if (select == 2)
{
for (int i = 0; i < m_EmpNum - 1; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < m_EmpNum - i - 1; j++)
{
if (m_EmpArray[j]->m_Id < m_EmpArray[j + 1]->m_Id)
{
Worker * temp2 = m_EmpArray[j + 1];
m_EmpArray[j + 1] = m_EmpArray[j];
m_EmpArray[j] = temp2;
}
}
}
}
else
{
cout << "建议你回炉重造" << endl;
}
}
save();
Show_Emp();
}
void WorkerManager::Clean_File()
{
cout << "你确定要清空全部数据？输入1就不能后悔了哦！不想删除就随便输入一个其它数。" << endl;
int select = 0;
cin >> select;
if (select == 1)
{
ofstream ofs(FILENAME, ios::trunc); //清空文件（删除文件后重新创建）
ofs.close(); //关闭文件
if (this->m_EmpArray != NULL)
{
for (int i = 0; i < m_EmpNum; i++)
{
delete this->m_EmpArray[i];
this->m_EmpArray[i] = NULL;
}
delete[] this->m_EmpArray;
m_EmpArray = NULL;
m_EmpNum = 0;
m_FileIsEmpty = true;
}
cout << "清空成功！" << endl;
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}（3）manager.cpp
#include"manager.h"
#include<string>
void Manager::showInof()
{
cout << "编号： " << m_Id
<< "\t姓名：" << m_Name
<< "\t岗位:" << this->getDeptname()
<< "\t岗位职责: " << "完成老板交代的任务，并下发任务给普通员工" << endl;
}
string Manager::getDeptname()
{
return string("经理");
}
Manager::Manager(int id, string name, int did)
{
this->m_Id = id;
this->m_Name = name;
this->m_Deptid = did;
}（4）employee.cpp
#include"employee.h"
#include<string>
void Employee::showInof()
{
cout << "编号： " << m_Id
<< "\t姓名：" << m_Name
<< "\t岗位:" << this->getDeptname()
<< "\t岗位职责: " << "完成经理交代的任务" << endl;
}
string Employee::getDeptname()
{
return string("普通员工");
}
Employee::Employee(int id, string name, int did)
{
this->m_Id = id;
this->m_Name = name;
this->m_Deptid = did;
}（5）boss.cpp
#include"boss.h"
#include<string>
void Boss::showInof()
{
cout << "编号： " << m_Id
<< "\t姓名：" << m_Name
<< "\t岗位:" << this->getDeptname()
<< "\t岗位职责: " << "管理公司所有事物" << endl;
}
string Boss::getDeptname()
{
return string("老板");
}
Boss::Boss(int id, string name, int did)
{
this->m_Id = id;
this->m_Name = name;
this->m_Deptid = did;
}（6）workerManager.h
#pragma once
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include"worker.h"
#include"employee.h"
#include"manager.h"
#include"boss.h"
#include<fstream>
#define FILENAME "empFile.txt"
class WorkerManager
{
public:
WorkerManager();
void Show_Menu();
void exitSystem();
~WorkerManager();
int m_EmpNum; //记录文件中的人数个数
Worker ** m_EmpArray; //员工数组的指针
void Add_Emp(); //增加职工---
void save(); //把数据写入文件
bool m_FileIsEmpty; //判断文件是否为空的标志
int get_EmpNum(); //统计文件中的人数
void init_Emp(); //初始化职工
void Show_Emp(); //显示职工---
void Del_Emp(); //删除职工---
int IsExist(int id); //判断职工是否存在
void Mod_Emp(); //修改职工---
void Find_Emp(); //查找职工---
void Sort_Emp(); //职工排序---
void Clean_File(); //清空数据---
};（7）worker.h
#pragma once
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include<string>
class Worker
{
public:
int m_Id;
string m_Name;
int m_Deptid;
virtual void showInof() = 0;
virtual string getDeptname() = 0;
};（8）manager.h
#pragma once
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include"worker.h"
class Manager :public Worker
{
public:
Manager(int id, string name, int did);
void showInof();
string getDeptname();
};（9）employee.h
#pragma once
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include"worker.h"
class Employee :public Worker
{
public:
Employee(int id,string name,int did);
void showInof();
string getDeptname();
};（10）boss.h
#pragma once
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include"worker.h"
class Boss :public Worker
{
public:
Boss(int id, string name, int did);
void showInof();
string getDeptname();
};三、演讲比赛流程管理系统
1、系统需求
（1）比赛规则和流程：
①学校举行一场演讲比赛，共有12个人参加。
②比赛共两轮，第一轮为淘汰赛，第二轮为决赛。
③比赛方式：分组比赛，每组6个人，选手每次要随机分组，进行比赛。
④每名选手都有对应的编号，如 10001 ~ 10012。
⑤第一轮分为两个小组，每组6个人，按照选手编号进行抽签后顺序演讲。
⑥当小组演讲完后，根据评分淘汰组内排名最后的三个选手，前三名晋级，进入下一轮的比赛。
⑦第二轮为决赛，得分前三名的胜出。
⑧每轮比赛过后需要显示晋级选手的信息。
（2）程序功能：
①开始演讲比赛：完成整届比赛的流程，每个比赛阶段需要给用户一个提示，用户按任意键后继续下一个阶段。
②查看往届记录：查看之前比赛前三名结果，每次比赛都会记录到文件中，文件用.csv后缀名保存。
③清空比赛记录：将文件中数据清空。
④退出比赛程序：可以退出当前程序。
（3）程序效果图：
2、参考代码
（1）main.cpp
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include"speechManager.h"
#include<ctime>
int main()
{
srand((unsigned)time(NULL));
speechManager m;
/*for (map<int, Speaker>::iterator it = m.m_Speaker.begin(); it != m.m_Speaker.end(); it++)
{
cout << "选手编号：" << it->first
<< " 姓名： " << it->second.m_Name
<< " 成绩： " << it->second.m_Score[0] << endl;
}*/
int choice = 0;
while (true)
{
m.show_Menu();
cout << "请输入您的选择：" << endl;
cin >> choice;
switch (choice)
{
case 1: //开始比赛
m.startSpeech();
break;
case 2: //查看记录
m.showRecord();
break;
case 3: //清空记录
m.clearRecord();
break;
case 0: //退出程序
m.Exitsystem();
break;
default:
system("cls");
break;
}
}
system("pause");
return 0;
}（2）speaker.h
#pragma once
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
class Speaker
{
public:
double m_Score[2]; //可能有两轮得分
string m_Name; //姓名
};（3）speechManager.h
#pragma once
#include<iostream>
#include<vector>
#include<map>
#include<deque>
#include<algorithm>
#include<numeric>
#include<fstream>
#include<string>
#include"speaker.h"
using namespace std;
class speechManager
{
public:
speechManager(); //构造函数
~speechManager(); //析构函数
void show_Menu(); //菜单显示
void Exitsystem(); //退出系统***
vector<int>v1; //所有选手的容器12人
vector<int>v2; //第一轮晋级容器6人
vector<int>vVictory; //前三名容器3人
map<int, Speaker>m_Speaker; //存放编号以及对应选手的容器
int m_Index; //比赛轮数
bool fileIsEmpty; //判断文件是否为空标志
map<int, vector<string>>m_Record; //存放往届记录的容器
void init_Speech(); //初始化属性
void createSpeaker(); //创建选手
void startSpeech(); //开始比赛***
void speechDraw(); //抽签
void speechContest(); //比赛
void showScore(); //显示结果
void saveRecord(); //保存记录
void loadRecord(); //读取记录
void showRecord(); //查看记录***
void clearRecord(); //清空记录***
};（4）speechManager.cpp
#include"speechManager.h"
#include<algorithm>
speechManager::speechManager()
{
init_Speech();
createSpeaker();
loadRecord();
}
speechManager::~speechManager()
{
}
void speechManager::show_Menu()
{
cout << "********************************************" << endl;
cout << "************* 欢迎参加演讲比赛 ************" << endl;
cout << "************* 1.开始演讲比赛 *************" << endl;
cout << "************* 2.查看往届记录 *************" << endl;
cout << "************* 3.清空比赛记录 *************" << endl;
cout << "************* 0.退出比赛程序 *************" << endl;
cout << "********************************************" << endl;
cout << endl;
}
void speechManager::Exitsystem()
{
cout << "欢迎下次使用~" << endl;
system("pause");
exit(0);
}
void speechManager::init_Speech()
{
this->m_Index = 1; //初始化比赛轮数
this->v1.clear(); //容器保证为空
this->v2.clear();
this->vVictory.clear();
this->m_Speaker.clear();
this->m_Record.clear();
}
void speechManager::createSpeaker()
{
string nameSeed = "ABCDEFGHIJKL";
for (int i = 0; i < 12; i++)
{
string name = "选手";
name += nameSeed[i];
Speaker speaker;
speaker.m_Name = name;
speaker.m_Score[0] = 0;
v1.push_back(10001 + i);
m_Speaker.insert(make_pair(i + 10001, speaker));
}
}
void speechManager::speechDraw()
{
cout << "第" << m_Index << "轮选手抽签：" << endl;
cout << "-------------------------------" << endl;
cout << "抽签后演讲顺序如下：" << endl;
if (m_Index == 1)
{
random_shuffle(v1.begin(), v1.end());
for (vector<int>::iterator it = v1.begin(); it != v1.end(); it++)
{
cout << *it << " ";
}
cout << endl;
}
if (m_Index == 2)
{
random_shuffle(v2.begin(), v2.end());
for (vector<int>::iterator it = v2.begin(); it != v2.end(); it++)
{
cout << *it << " ";
}
cout << endl;
}
cout << "----------------------------------" << endl;
system("pause");
cout << endl;
}
void speechManager::speechContest()
{
cout << "第" << m_Index << "轮比赛开始：" << endl;
cout << "-------------------------------" << endl;
multimap<double, int, greater<int>> groupScore;
int num = 0;
vector<int>v_Src;
if (m_Index == 1)
{
v_Src = v1;
}
if (m_Index == 2)
{
v_Src = v2;
}
for (vector<int>::iterator it = v_Src.begin(); it != v_Src.end(); it++)
{
num++;
deque<double>sc;
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) //十个评委打分
{
double cc = (rand() % 400 + 600) / 10.f;
//cout << cc << " ";
sc.push_back(cc);
}
sort(sc.begin(),sc.end(),greater<double>());
sc.pop_back(); //去除最低分
sc.pop_front(); //去除最高分
double avg = accumulate(sc.begin(), sc.end(), 0.0f) / (double)sc.size();
//cout << "编号： " << *it << " 选手： " << this->m_Speaker[*it].m_Name << " 获取平均分为： " << avg << endl; //打印分数
groupScore.insert(make_pair(avg, *it));
//m_Speaker[*it] 中括号内为key值，不是简单的数组下标
this->m_Speaker[*it].m_Score[this->m_Index - 1] = avg;
if (num % 6 == 0)
{
int i = 0;
cout << "第" << num / 6 << "小组比赛名次：" << endl;
for (multimap<double, int, greater<int>>::iterator it2 = groupScore.begin(); it2 != groupScore.end(); it2++, i++)
{
cout << "编号：" << it2->second << " 姓名：" << m_Speaker[it2->second].m_Name
<< " 成绩：" << m_Speaker[it2->second].m_Score[m_Index - 1] << endl;
if (m_Index == 1 && i < 3)
{
v2.push_back(it2->second);
}
if (m_Index == 2 && i < 3)
{
vVictory.push_back(it2->second);
}
}
groupScore.clear();
}
}
cout << "------------- 第" << this->m_Index << "轮比赛完毕 ------------- " << endl;
system("pause");
}
void speechManager::showScore()
{
cout << "-------第" << m_Index << "轮晋级选手信息如下-------" << endl;
vector<int>v_Src;
if (m_Index == 1)
{
v_Src = v2;
}
if (m_Index == 2)
{
v_Src = vVictory;
}
for (vector<int>::iterator it = v_Src.begin(); it != v_Src.end(); it++)
{
cout << "选手编号：" << *it << " 姓名：" << m_Speaker[*it].m_Name
<< " 得分：" << m_Speaker[*it].m_Score[m_Index - 1] << endl;
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
this->show_Menu();
}
void speechManager::saveRecord()
{
ofstream ofs;
ofs.open("speech.csv", ios::out | ios::app); //用追加的方式写文件
for (vector<int>::iterator it = vVictory.begin(); it != vVictory.end(); it++)
{
ofs << *it << "," << this->m_Speaker[*it].m_Score[1] << ",";
}
ofs << endl;
ofs.close();
cout << "记录成功保存" << endl;
}
void speechManager::startSpeech()
{
speechDraw();
speechContest();
showScore();
m_Index++;
speechDraw();
speechContest();
showScore();
saveRecord();
init_Speech();
createSpeaker();
loadRecord();
cout << "本届比赛完毕" << endl;
this->fileIsEmpty = false;
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
void speechManager::loadRecord()
{
ifstream ifs("speech.csv", ios::in);
//没有文件情况
if (!ifs.is_open())
{
//cout<< "文件不存在" << endl;
this->fileIsEmpty = true;
ifs.close();
return;
}
//文件清空清空
char ch;
ifs >> ch;
if (ifs.eof())
{
//cout << "文件为空" << endl;
this->fileIsEmpty = true;
ifs.close();
return;
}
this->fileIsEmpty = false;
ifs.putback(ch); //将上面读取的单个字符放回
int index = 0;
string data;
while (ifs >> data)
{
//cout << data << endl;
vector<string>v;
int pos = -1; //查逗号位置的变量（写文件时数据用逗号分隔了）
int start = 0;
while (true)
{
pos = data.find(",", start);
if (pos == -1)
{
break;
}
string temp = data.substr(start, pos - start);
//cout << temp << endl;
v.push_back(temp);
start = pos + 1;
}
this->m_Record.insert(make_pair(index, v));
index++;
}
ifs.close();
}
void speechManager::showRecord()
{
if (this->fileIsEmpty)
{
cout << "文件不存在或记录为空！" << endl;
}
else
{
for (int index = 0; index < this->m_Record.size(); index++)
{
cout << "第" << index + 1 << "届 冠军编号：" << m_Record[index][0] << " 得分：" << m_Record[index][1]
<< " 亚军编号：" << m_Record[index][2] << " 得分：" << m_Record[index][3]
<< " 季军编号：" << m_Record[index][4] << " 得分：" << m_Record[index][5] << endl;
}
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
void speechManager::clearRecord()
{
cout << "确认清空？" << endl;
cout << "1、确认" << endl;
cout << "2、返回" << endl;
int select = 0;
cin >> select;
if (select == 1)
{
//打开模式 ios::trunc 如果存在删除文件并重新创建
ofstream ofs("speech.csv", ios::trunc);
ofs.close();
//初始化属性
this->init_Speech();
//创建选手
this->createSpeaker();
//获取往届记录
this->loadRecord();
cout << "清空成功！" << endl;
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}四、机房预约系统
1、系统需求
（1）学校现有几个规格不同的机房，由于使用时经常出现"撞车"现象，现开发一套机房预约系统，解决这一问题。
（2）分别有三种身份使用该程序：
①学生代表：申请使用机房。
②教师：审核学生的预约申请。
③管理员：给学生、教师创建账号。
（3）机房总共有3间：
①1号机房最多允许20人同时使用。
②2号机房最多允许50人同时使用。
③3号机房最多允许100人同时使用。
（4）申请的订单每周由管理员负责清空；学生可以预约未来一周内的机房使用，预约的日期为周一至周五，预约时需要选择预约时段（上午、下午）；教师来审核预约，依据实际情况审核预约通过或者不通过。
（5）系统具体需求：
①首先进入登录界面，可选登录身份有：学生代表、老师、管理员（、退出）。
②每个身份都需要进行验证后才能进入子菜单：
[1]学生需要输入：学号、姓名、登录密码。
[2]老师需要输入：职工号、姓名、登录密码。
[3]管理员需要输入：管理员姓名、登录密码。
③学生具体功能：
[1]申请预约——预约机房。
[2]查看自身的预约——查看自己的预约状态。
[3]查看所有预约——查看全部预约信息以及预约状态。
[4]取消预约——取消自身的预约，预约成功或审核中的预约均可取消。
[5]注销登录——退出登录。
④教师具体功能：
[1]查看所有预约——查看全部预约信息以及预约状态。
[2]审核预约——对学生的预约进行审核。
[3]注销登录——退出登录.
⑤管理员具体功能：
[1]添加账号——添加学生或教师的账号，需要检测学生编号或教师职工号是否重复。
[2]查看账号——可以选择查看学生或教师的全部信息。
[3]查看机房——查看所有机房的信息。
[4]清空预约——清空所有预约记录。
[5]注销登录——退出登录。
2、参考代码
（1）main.cpp
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include<fstream>
#include<numeric>
using namespace std;
#include"Identity.h"
#include"globalFile.h"
#include"manager.h"
#include"student.h"
#include"teacher.h"
void managerMenu(Identity * &manager)
{
while (true)
{
Manager * man = (Manager *)manager;
manager->opermenu();
int choice = 0;
cin >> choice;
switch (choice)
{
case 1: //添加账号
{
cout << "添加账号" << endl;
man->addPerson();
break;
}
case 2: //查看账号
{
cout << "查看账号" << endl;
man->showPerson();
break;
}
case 3: //查看机房
{
cout << "查看机房" << endl;
man->showComputer();
break;
}
case 4: //清空预约
{
cout << "清空预约" << endl;
man->cleanFile();
break;
}
case 0: //注销登录
{
delete manager;
cout << "注销成功" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
return;
break;
}
default:
{
cout << "输入无效数字，请重输" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
break;
}
}
}
}
void studentMenu(Identity * &student)
{
while (true)
{
Student * man = (Student *)student;
student->opermenu();
int choice = 0;
cin >> choice;
switch (choice)
{
case 1: //申请预约
{
cout << "申请预约" << endl;
man->applyOrder();
break;
}
case 2: //查看我的预约
{
cout << "查看我的预约" << endl;
man->showMyOrder();
break;
}
case 3: //查看所有预约
{
cout << "查看所有预约" << endl;
man->showALLOrder();
break;
}
case 4: //取消预约
{
cout << "取消预约" << endl;
man->cancelOrder();
break;
}
case 0: //注销登录
{
delete student;
cout << "注销成功" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
return;
break;
}
default:
{
cout << "输入无效数字，请重输" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
break;
}
}
}
}
void teacherMenu(Identity * &teacher)
{
while (true)
{
Teacher * man = (Teacher *)teacher;
teacher->opermenu();
int choice = 0;
cin >> choice;
switch (choice)
{
case 1: //查看所有预约
{
cout << "查看所有预约" << endl;
man->showALLOrder();
break;
}
case 2: //审核预约
{
cout << "查看我的预约" << endl;
man->validOrder();
break;
}
case 0: //注销登录
{
delete teacher;
cout << "注销成功" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
return;
break;
}
default:
{
cout << "输入无效数字，请重输" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
break;
}
}
}
}
void LoginTn(string fileName, int type)
{
Identity * person = NULL;
ifstream ifs;
ifs.open(fileName, ios::in);
if (!ifs.is_open())
{
cout << "文件不存在" << endl;
ifs.close();
return;
}
string name;
string password;
int id;
if (type == 1)
{
cout << "请输入您的学生学号：";
cin >> id;
}
if (type == 2)
{
cout << "请输入您的教师工号：";
cin >> id;
}
cout << "请输入您的账号（姓名）：";
cin >> name;
cout << "请输入您的账号密码：";
cin >> password;
int ID;
string PASSWORD;
string NAME;
if (type == 1)
{
while (ifs >> ID && ifs >> NAME && ifs >> PASSWORD)
{
if (ID == id && NAME == name && PASSWORD == password)
{
cout << "学生验证登录成功" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
person = new Student(id, name, password); //创建学生对象
studentMenu(person); //进入学生代表子菜单
return;
}
}
}
else if (type == 2)
{
while (ifs >> ID && ifs >> NAME && ifs >> PASSWORD)
{
if (ID == id && NAME == name && PASSWORD == password)
{
cout << "教师验证登录成功" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
person = new Teacher(id, name, password); //创建教师对象
teacherMenu(person); //进入教师子菜单
return;
}
}
}
else if (type == 3)
{
while (ifs >> NAME && ifs >> PASSWORD)
{
if (NAME == name && PASSWORD == password)
{
cout << "管理员验证登录成功" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
person = new Manager(name, password); //创建管理员对象
managerMenu(person); //进入管理员子菜单
return;
}
}
}
cout << "验证登录失败！" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
return;
}
int main()
{
while (true)
{
cout << "====================== 欢迎来到传智播客机房预约系统 ====================="
<< endl;
cout << endl << "请输入您的身份" << endl;
cout << "\t\t -------------------------------\n";
cout << "\t\t| |\n";
cout << "\t\t| 1.学生代表 |\n";
cout << "\t\t| |\n";
cout << "\t\t| 2.老 师 |\n";
cout << "\t\t| |\n";
cout << "\t\t| 3.管 理 员 |\n";
cout << "\t\t| |\n";
cout << "\t\t| 0.退 出 |\n";
cout << "\t\t| |\n";
cout << "\t\t -------------------------------\n";
cout << "输入您的选择: ";
int select = 0;
cin >> select;
switch (select)
{
case 1: //学生代表
LoginTn(STUDENT_FILE, 1);
break;
case 2: //老师
LoginTn(TEACHER_FILE, 2);
break;
case 3: //管理员
LoginTn(ADMIN_FILE, 3);
break;
case 0: //退出
{
cout << "欢迎下次使用" << endl;
system("pause");
return 0;
break;
}
default:
{
cout << "输入有误，请重新输入" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
break;
}
}
}
system("pause");
return 0;
}（2）manager.cpp
#include"manager.h"
#include"computerRoom.h"
#include<algorithm>
#include<numeric>
Manager::Manager()
{
}
Manager::Manager(string name, string pwd) //有参构造
{
this->m_Name = name;
this->m_Pwd = pwd;
initVector();
initComputerRoom();
}
void Manager::opermenu() //菜单界面
{
cout << "欢迎管理员：" << this->m_Name << "登录！" << endl;
cout << "\t\t ---------------------------------\n";
cout << "\t\t| |\n";
cout << "\t\t| 1.添加账号 |\n";
cout << "\t\t| |\n";
cout << "\t\t| 2.查看账号 |\n";
cout << "\t\t| |\n";
cout << "\t\t| 3.查看机房 |\n";
cout << "\t\t| |\n";
cout << "\t\t| 4.清空预约 |\n";
cout << "\t\t| |\n";
cout << "\t\t| 0.注销登录 |\n";
cout << "\t\t| |\n";
cout << "\t\t ---------------------------------\n";
cout << "请选择您的操作： " << endl;
}
void Manager::addPerson() //添加账号
{
cout << "请输入添加账号的类型：" << endl << "1、添加学生" << endl
<< "2、添加老师" << endl;
string fileName;
ofstream ofs;
string tip;
string errortip;
int select = 0;
while (true)
{
cin >> select;
if (select == 1)
{
fileName = STUDENT_FILE;
tip = "请输入学生学号：";
errortip = "该学生已有账号！";
break;
}
if (select == 2)
{
fileName = TEACHER_FILE;
tip = "请输入职工编号：";
errortip = "该职工已有账号！";
break;
}
cout << "输入无效数字，请重新输入" << endl;
}
ofs.open(fileName, ios::out);
int id;
string name;
string password;
cout << tip;
cin >> id;
bool ret = checkRepeat(id, select);
if (!ret)
{
cout << errortip << endl;
}
else
{
cout << "请输入姓名：";
cin >> name;
cout << "请输入密码：";
cin >> password;
ofs << id << " " << name << " " << password << endl;
cout << "添加成功！" << endl;
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
ofs.close();
initVector();
}
void Manager::initVector()
{
vStu.clear();
vTea.clear();
ifstream ifs;
//读取学生文件信息
ifs.open(STUDENT_FILE, ios::in);
if (!ifs.is_open())
{
cout << "读取文件失败" << endl;
return;
}
Student s;
while (ifs >> s.m_Id&&ifs >> s.m_Name&&ifs >> s.m_Pwd)
{
vStu.push_back(s);
}
//cout << "当前学生数量为：" << vStu.size() << endl;
//读取教师文件信息
ifs.open(TEACHER_FILE, ios::in);
if (!ifs.is_open())
{
cout << "读取文件失败" << endl;
return;
}
Teacher t;
while (ifs >> t.m_EmpId&&ifs >> t.m_Name&&ifs >> t.m_Pwd)
{
vTea.push_back(t);
}
//cout << "当前教师数量为：" << vTea.size() << endl;
ifs.close();
}
bool Manager::checkRepeat(int id, int type)
{
if (type == 1)
{
vector<Student>::iterator it = vStu.begin();
for (; it != vStu.end(); it++)
{
if (it->m_Id == id)
{
break;
}
}
if (it == vStu.end())
{
return true;
}
}
else if (type == 2)
{
vector<Teacher>::iterator it = vTea.begin();
for (; it != vTea.end(); it++)
{
if (it->m_EmpId == id)
{
break;
}
}
if (it == vTea.end())
{
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
void Manager::showPerson() //查看账号
{
cout << "请选择查看内容：" << endl << "1、查看所有学生" << endl
<< "2、查看所有老师" << endl;
int select = 0;
while (true)
{
cin >> select;
if (select == 1)
{
for (vector<Student>::iterator it = vStu.begin(); it != vStu.end(); it++)
{
cout << "学号：" << it->m_Id << " 姓名："
<< it->m_Name << " 密码：" << it->m_Pwd << endl;
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
break;
}
if (select == 2)
{
for (vector<Teacher>::iterator it = vTea.begin(); it != vTea.end(); it++)
{
cout << "职工号：" << it->m_EmpId << " 姓名："
<< it->m_Name << " 密码：" << it->m_Pwd << endl;
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
break;
}
cout << "输入无效数字，请重新输入" << endl;
}
}
void Manager::showComputer() //查看机房信息
{
cout << "机房信息如下：" << endl;
for (vector<ComputerRoom>::iterator it = vCom.begin(); it != vCom.end(); it++)
{
cout << "机房编号：" << it->m_ComId << " 机房最大容量：" << it->m_MaxNum << endl;
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
void Manager::cleanFile() //清空预约记录
{
ofstream ofs(ORDER_FILE, ios::trunc);
ofs.close();
cout << "清空成功！" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
void Manager::initComputerRoom()
{
vCom.clear();
ifstream ifs;
ifs.open(COMPUTER_FILE, ios::in);
int id;
int maxnum;
while (ifs >> id && ifs >> maxnum)
{
ComputerRoom com;
com.m_ComId = id;
com.m_MaxNum = maxnum;
vCom.push_back(com);
}
ifs.close();
}（3）orderFile.cpp
#include"orderFile.h"
OrderFile::OrderFile()
{
ifstream ifs(ORDER_FILE, ios::in);
string date; //日期
string interval; //时间段
string stuId; //学生编号
string stuName; //学生姓名
string roomId; //机房编号
string status; //预约状态
this->m_Size = 0; //预约记录个数
while (ifs >> date && ifs >> interval && ifs >> stuId && ifs
>> stuName && ifs >> roomId && ifs >> status)
{
string key;
string value;
map<string, string>m;
int pos = date.find(":");
if (pos != -1)
{
key = date.substr(0, pos);
value = date.substr(pos + 1, date.size());
m.insert(make_pair(key, value));
}
pos = interval.find(":");
if (pos != -1)
{
key = interval.substr(0, pos);
value = interval.substr(pos + 1, interval.size());
m.insert(make_pair(key, value));
}
pos = stuId.find(":");
if (pos != -1)
{
key = stuId.substr(0, pos);
value = stuId.substr(pos + 1, stuId.size());
m.insert(make_pair(key, value));
}
pos = stuName.find(":");
if (pos != -1)
{
key = stuName.substr(0, pos);
value = stuName.substr(pos + 1, stuName.size());
m.insert(make_pair(key, value));
}
pos = roomId.find(":");
if (pos != -1)
{
key = roomId.substr(0, pos);
value = roomId.substr(pos + 1, roomId.size());
m.insert(make_pair(key, value));
}
pos = status.find(":");
if (pos != -1)
{
key = status.substr(0, pos);
value = status.substr(pos + 1, status.size());
m.insert(make_pair(key, value));
}
m_orderData.insert(make_pair(m_Size,m));
m_Size++;
}
ifs.close();
}
void OrderFile::updateOrder()
{
if (this->m_Size == 0)
{
return;
}
ofstream ofs(ORDER_FILE, ios::out | ios::trunc);
for (int i = 0; i < m_Size; i++)
{
ofs << "date:" << this->m_orderData[i]["date"] << " ";
ofs << "interval:" << this->m_orderData[i]["interval"] << " ";
ofs << "stuId:" << this->m_orderData[i]["stuId"] << " ";
ofs << "stuName:" << this->m_orderData[i]["stuName"] << " ";
ofs << "roomId:" << this->m_orderData[i]["roomId"] << " ";
ofs << "status:" << this->m_orderData[i]["status"] << endl;
}
ofs.close();
}（4）student.cpp
#include"student.h"
Student::Student()
{
}
Student::Student(int id, string name, string pwd) //有参构造
{
this->m_Id = id;
this->m_Name = name;
this->m_Pwd = pwd;
ifstream ifs (COMPUTER_FILE, ios::in);
ComputerRoom com;
while (ifs >> com.m_ComId&&ifs >> com.m_MaxNum)
{
vCom.push_back(com);
}
ifs.close();
}
void Student::opermenu() //菜单界面
{
cout << "欢迎学生代表：" << this->m_Name << "登录！" << endl;
cout << "\t\t ----------------------------------\n";
cout << "\t\t| |\n";
cout << "\t\t| 1.申请预约 |\n";
cout << "\t\t| |\n";
cout << "\t\t| 2.查看我的预约 |\n";
cout << "\t\t| |\n";
cout << "\t\t| 3.查看所有预约 |\n";
cout << "\t\t| |\n";
cout << "\t\t| 4.取消预约 |\n";
cout << "\t\t| |\n";
cout << "\t\t| 0.注销登录 |\n";
cout << "\t\t| |\n";
cout << "\t\t ----------------------------------\n";
cout << "请选择您的操作： " << endl;
}
void Student::applyOrder() //申请预约
{
cout << "机房开放时间为周一至周五！" << endl;
cout << "请输入申请预约的时间：（输入对应数字编号！）" << endl;
cout << "1、周一" << endl << "2、周二" << endl
<< "3、周三" << endl << "4、周四" << endl << "5、周五" << endl;
int choice = 0;
while (true)
{
cin >> choice;
if (choice == 1 || choice == 2 || choice == 3 || choice == 4 || choice == 5)
{
break;
}
cout << "你输入了无效数字，请重新输入" << endl;
}
cout << "请输入申请预约的时间段：（输入对应数字编号！）" << endl;
cout << "1、上午" << endl << "2、下午" << endl;
int choice2 = 0;
while (true)
{
cin >> choice2;
if (choice2 == 1 || choice2 == 2)
{
break;
}
cout << "你输入了无效数字，请重新输入" << endl;
}
cout << "请选择机房：（输入对应数字编号！）" << endl;
cout << "1、一号机房容量：" << vCom[0].m_MaxNum << endl;
cout << "2、二号机房容量：" << vCom[1].m_MaxNum << endl;
cout << "3、三号机房容量：" << vCom[2].m_MaxNum << endl;
int choice3 = 0;
while (true)
{
cin >> choice3;
if (choice3 == 1 || choice3 == 2 || choice == 3)
{
break;
}
cout << "你输入了无效数字，请重新输入" << endl;
}
cout << "预约成功！请耐心等待审核……" << endl;
ofstream ofs;
ofs.open(ORDER_FILE, ios::app);
ofs << "date:" << choice << " "; //日期
ofs << "interval:" << choice2 << " "; //时间段
ofs << "stuId:" << this->m_Id << " "; //学生编号
ofs << "stuName:" << this->m_Name << " "; //学生姓名
ofs << "roomId:" << choice3 << " "; //预约机房号
ofs << "status:" << 1 << endl; //预约状态
ofs.close();
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
void Student::showMyOrder() //查看我的预约
{
OrderFile of;
if (of.m_Size == 0)
{
cout << "无预约记录" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
return;
}
int i = 0;
for (; i < of.m_Size; i++)
{
if (atoi(of.m_orderData[i]["stuId"].c_str()) == this->m_Id)
{
cout << "预约日期：周" << of.m_orderData[i]["date"] << " 时段："
<< (of.m_orderData[i]["interval"] == "1" ? "上午" : "下午") << " 机房：";
cout << of.m_orderData[i]["roomId"] << " 状态：";
if (atoi(of.m_orderData[i]["status"].c_str()) == 1)
{
cout << "审核中" << endl;
}
if (atoi(of.m_orderData[i]["status"].c_str()) == 2)
{
cout << "已预约" << endl;
}
if (atoi(of.m_orderData[i]["status"].c_str()) == -1)
{
cout << "预约失败" << endl;
}
if (atoi(of.m_orderData[i]["status"].c_str()) == 0)
{
cout << "取消的预约" << endl;
}
}
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
void Student::showALLOrder() //查看所有预约
{
OrderFile of;
if (of.m_Size == 0)
{
cout << "无预约记录" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
return;
}
for (int i = 0; i < of.m_Size; i++)
{
cout << i + 1 << "、";
cout << "预约日期：周" << of.m_orderData[i]["date"] << " 时段："
<< (of.m_orderData[i]["interval"] == "1" ? "上午" : "下午") << " 机房：";
cout << of.m_orderData[i]["roomId"] << " 状态：";
if (atoi(of.m_orderData[i]["status"].c_str()) == 1)
{
cout << "审核中" << endl;
}
if (atoi(of.m_orderData[i]["status"].c_str()) == 2)
{
cout << "已预约" << endl;
}
if (atoi(of.m_orderData[i]["status"].c_str()) == -1)
{
cout << "预约失败" << endl;
}
if (atoi(of.m_orderData[i]["status"].c_str()) == 0)
{
cout << "取消的预约" << endl;
}
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
void Student::cancelOrder() //取消预约
{
OrderFile of;
if (of.m_Size == 0)
{
cout << "无预约记录" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
return;
}
cout << "审核中或预约成功的记录可以取消，请输入取消的记录：（输入最左边的编号）" << endl;
vector<int>v;
int index = 1;
for (int i = 0; i < of.m_Size; i++)
{
if (atoi(of.m_orderData[i]["stuId"].c_str()) == this->m_Id&&
(atoi(of.m_orderData[i]["status"].c_str()) == 1|| atoi(of.m_orderData[i]["status"].c_str()) == 2))
{
v.push_back(i);
cout << index++ << "、";
cout << "预约日期：周" << of.m_orderData[i]["date"] << " 时段："
<< (of.m_orderData[i]["interval"] == "1" ? "上午" : "下午") << " 机房：";
cout << of.m_orderData[i]["roomId"] << " 状态：";
if (atoi(of.m_orderData[i]["status"].c_str()) == 1)
{
cout << "审核中" << endl;
}
if (atoi(of.m_orderData[i]["status"].c_str()) == 2)
{
cout << "已预约" << endl;
}
}
}
int select = 0;
cout << "请输入需要取消的记录，0代表返回" << endl;
while (true)
{
cin >> select;
if (select == 0)
{
system("pause");
system("cls");
return;
}
else
{
of.m_orderData[v[select - 1]]["status"] = "0";
break;
}
cout << "输入有误，请重新输入" << endl;
}
cout << "已取消预约" << endl;
of.updateOrder();
system("pause");
system("cls");
}（5）teacher.cpp
#include"teacher.h"
Teacher::Teacher()
{
}
Teacher::Teacher(int empid, string name, string pwd) //有参构造
{
this->m_EmpId = empid;
this->m_Name = name;
this->m_Pwd = pwd;
}
void Teacher::opermenu() //菜单界面
{
cout << "欢迎教师：" << this->m_Name << "登录！" << endl;
cout << "\t\t ----------------------------------\n";
cout << "\t\t| |\n";
cout << "\t\t| 1.查看所有预约 |\n";
cout << "\t\t| |\n";
cout << "\t\t| 2.审核预约 |\n";
cout << "\t\t| |\n";
cout << "\t\t| 0.注销登录 |\n";
cout << "\t\t| |\n";
cout << "\t\t ----------------------------------\n";
cout << "请选择您的操作： " << endl;
}
void Teacher::showALLOrder() //查看所有预约
{
OrderFile of;
if (of.m_Size == 0)
{
cout << "无预约记录" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
return;
}
for (int i = 0; i < of.m_Size; i++)
{
cout << i + 1 << "、";
cout << "预约日期：周" << of.m_orderData[i]["date"] << " 时段："
<< (of.m_orderData[i]["interval"] == "1" ? "上午" : "下午") << " 机房：";
cout << of.m_orderData[i]["roomId"] << " 状态：";
if (atoi(of.m_orderData[i]["status"].c_str()) == 1)
{
cout << "审核中" << endl;
}
if (atoi(of.m_orderData[i]["status"].c_str()) == 2)
{
cout << "已预约" << endl;
}
if (atoi(of.m_orderData[i]["status"].c_str()) == -1)
{
cout << "预约失败" << endl;
}
if (atoi(of.m_orderData[i]["status"].c_str()) == 0)
{
cout << "取消的预约" << endl;
}
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
void Teacher::validOrder() //审核预约
{
OrderFile of;
cout << "待审核的预约记录如下：" << endl;
int index = 1;
vector<int>v;
for (int i = 0; i < of.m_Size; i++)
{
if (atoi(of.m_orderData[i]["status"].c_str()) == 1)
{
cout << index++ << "、";
cout << "预约日期：周" << of.m_orderData[i]["date"] << " 时段："
<< (of.m_orderData[i]["interval"] == "1" ? "上午" : "下午") << " 机房：";
cout << of.m_orderData[i]["roomId"] << " 状态：审核中" << endl;
v.push_back(i);
}
}
if (index == 1)
{
cout << "无需要审核的预约记录" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
return;
}
cout << "请输入审核的预约记录，0代表返回" << endl;
int choice = 0;
while (true)
{
cin >> choice;
if (choice == 0)
{
system("pause");
system("cls");
return;
}
if (choice < index&&choice>0)
{
break;
}
cout << "你输入了无效数字，请重新输入" << endl;
}
cout << "1、通过" << endl << "2、不通过" << endl;
int select = 0;
while (true)
{
cin >> select;
if (select == 0)
{
break;
}
if (select == 1)
{
of.m_orderData[v[choice - 1]]["status"] = "2";
cout << "审核完毕！" << endl;
break;
}
if (select == 2)
{
of.m_orderData[v[choice - 1]]["status"] = "-1";
cout << "审核完毕！" << endl;
break;
}
cout << "你输入了无效数字，请重新输入" << endl;
}
of.updateOrder();
system("pause");
system("cls");
}（6）computerRoom.h
#pragma once
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class ComputerRoom
{
public:
int m_ComId; //机房id号
int m_MaxNum; //机房最大容量
};（7）globalFile.h
#pragma once
//管理员文件
#define ADMIN_FILE "admin.txt"
//学生文件
#define STUDENT_FILE "student.txt"
//教师文件
#define TEACHER_FILE "teacher.txt"
//机房信息文件
#define COMPUTER_FILE "computerRoom.txt"
//订单文件
#define ORDER_FILE "order.txt"（8）Identity.h
#pragma once
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
class Identity //身份抽象类
{
public:
string m_Name; //用户名
string m_Pwd; //密码
virtual void opermenu() = 0; //操作菜单
};（9）manager.h
#pragma once
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include<fstream>
#include<vector>
#include"Identity.h"
#include"globalFile.h"
#include"student.h"
#include"teacher.h"
#include"computerRoom.h"
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std;
class Manager :public Identity
{
public:
Manager();
Manager(string name, string pwd); //有参构造
virtual void opermenu(); //菜单界面
void addPerson(); //添加账号
void showPerson(); //查看账号
void showComputer(); //查看机房信息
void cleanFile(); //清空预约记录
//初始化容器
void initVector();
//学生容器
vector<Student> vStu;
//教师容器
vector<Teacher> vTea;
//检测重复 参数:(传入id，传入类型) 返回值：(true 代表有重复，false代表没有重复)
bool checkRepeat(int id, int type);
//机房容器
vector<ComputerRoom> vCom;
void initComputerRoom(); //初始化机房信息
};（10）orderFile.h
#pragma once
#include<iostream>
#include<fstream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
#include <map>
#include "globalFile.h"
class OrderFile
{
public:
//构造函数
OrderFile();
//更新预约记录
void updateOrder();
//记录的容器 key --- 记录的条数 value --- 具体记录的键值对信息
map<int, map<string, string>> m_orderData;
//预约记录条数
int m_Size;
};（11）student.h
#pragma once
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include"Identity.h"
#include"globalFile.h"
#include"computerRoom.h"
#include"orderFile.h"
#include<fstream>
#include<vector>
using namespace std;
class Student :public Identity
{
public:
Student();
Student(int id, string name, string pwd); //有参构造
virtual void opermenu(); //菜单界面
void applyOrder(); //申请预约
void showMyOrder(); //查看我的预约
void showALLOrder(); //查看所有预约
void cancelOrder(); //取消预约
int m_Id; //学生学号
//机房容器
vector<ComputerRoom> vCom;
};（12）teacher.h
#pragma once
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include<vector>
#include"orderFile.h"
#include"Identity.h"
#include"globalFile.h"
using namespace std;
class Teacher :public Identity
{
public:
Teacher();
Teacher(int empid, string name, string pwd); //有参构造
virtual void opermenu(); //菜单界面
void showALLOrder(); //查看所有预约
void validOrder(); //审核预约
int m_EmpId; //教师工号
};
