SpringBoot中阿里云OSS的使用

1 登录/注册阿里云并进入控制台

2 进入OSS控制台

3 创建bucket

4 查看bucket

5 获取AccessKey

6 查看帮助文档

7 添加Maven依赖

8 获取示例代码并改造成工具类

9 测试

1 登录/注册阿里云并进入控制台

2 进入OSS控制台

3 创建bucket

4 查看bucket

5 获取AccessKey

6 查看帮助文档

在OSS管理控制台界面中(即3 创建bucket步骤中的界面)：

7 添加Maven依赖

Java9以下版本只需要在<dependencies>中添加如下内容：

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.aliyun.oss</groupId>
    <artifactId>aliyun-sdk-oss</artifactId>
    <version>3.15.1</version>
</dependency>

Java9及以上版本还需额外添加如下内容：

<dependency>
    <groupId>javax.xml.bind</groupId>
    <artifactId>jaxb-api</artifactId>
    <version>2.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>javax.activation</groupId>
    <artifactId>activation</artifactId>
    <version>1.1.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- no more than 2.3.3-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.glassfish.jaxb</groupId>
    <artifactId>jaxb-runtime</artifactId>
    <version>2.3.3</version>
</dependency>

8 获取示例代码并改造成工具类

在简单上传中，我们可以获得上传字符串的代码如下：

public class Demo {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        // Endpoint以华东1（杭州）为例，其它Region请按实际情况填写。
        String endpoint = "https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com";
        // 从环境变量中获取访问凭证。运行本代码示例之前，请确保已设置环境变量OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID和OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET。
        EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider credentialsProvider = CredentialsProviderFactory.newEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider();
        // 填写Bucket名称，例如examplebucket。
        String bucketName = "examplebucket";
        // 填写Object完整路径，完整路径中不能包含Bucket名称，例如exampledir/exampleobject.txt。
        String objectName = "exampledir/exampleobject.txt";

        // 创建OSSClient实例。
        OSS ossClient = new OSSClientBuilder().build(endpoint, credentialsProvider);

        try {
            // 填写字符串。
            String content = "Hello OSS，你好世界";

            // 创建PutObjectRequest对象。
            PutObjectRequest putObjectRequest = new PutObjectRequest(bucketName, objectName, new ByteArrayInputStream(content.getBytes()));

            // 如果需要上传时设置存储类型和访问权限，请参考以下示例代码。
            // ObjectMetadata metadata = new ObjectMetadata();
            // metadata.setHeader(OSSHeaders.OSS_STORAGE_CLASS, StorageClass.Standard.toString());
            // metadata.setObjectAcl(CannedAccessControlList.Private);
            // putObjectRequest.setMetadata(metadata);
           
            // 上传字符串。
            PutObjectResult result = ossClient.putObject(putObjectRequest);            
        } catch (OSSException oe) {
            System.out.println("Caught an OSSException, which means your request made it to OSS, "
                    + "but was rejected with an error response for some reason.");
            System.out.println("Error Message:" + oe.getErrorMessage());
            System.out.println("Error Code:" + oe.getErrorCode());
            System.out.println("Request ID:" + oe.getRequestId());
            System.out.println("Host ID:" + oe.getHostId());
        } catch (ClientException ce) {
            System.out.println("Caught an ClientException, which means the client encountered "
                    + "a serious internal problem while trying to communicate with OSS, "
                    + "such as not being able to access the network.");
            System.out.println("Error Message:" + ce.getMessage());
        } finally {
            if (ossClient != null) {
                ossClient.shutdown();
            }
        }
    }
}

经过改造，我们可以得到一个可以上传图片的工具类：

//代码参考自黑马程序员
public class AliOssUtil {

    // 其它Region请按实际情况填写，如何获得如下图
    private static final String ENDPOINT = "https://oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com";
    // 从环境变量中获取访问凭证。运行本代码示例之前，请确保已设置环境变量OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID和OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET。
    //从之前保存的CSV文件中获取
    private static final String ACCESS_KEY_ID="LTAI5tJQVkx1pkBrbuPBA3Lx";
    private static final String ACCESS_KEY_SECRET="2Q0i7QsHQO7jNc8xIPirX4YHoQvXr2";
    // 填写Bucket名称
    private static final String BUCKET_NAME = "zy-blog-oss";

    public static String uploadFile(String objectName, InputStream in) throws Exception {
        // 创建OSSClient实例。
        OSS ossClient = new OSSClientBuilder().build(ENDPOINT,ACCESS_KEY_ID, ACCESS_KEY_SECRET);
        String url = "";
        try {
            // 创建PutObjectRequest对象。
            PutObjectRequest putObjectRequest = new PutObjectRequest(BUCKET_NAME, objectName, in);
            PutObjectResult result = ossClient.putObject(putObjectRequest);
            //url组成: https://bucket名称.区域节点/objectName
            url = "https://"+BUCKET_NAME+"."+ENDPOINT.substring(ENDPOINT.lastIndexOf("/")+1)+"/"+objectName;
        } catch (OSSException oe) {
            System.out.println("Caught an OSSException, which means your request made it to OSS, "
                    + "but was rejected with an error response for some reason.");
            System.out.println("Error Message:" + oe.getErrorMessage());
            System.out.println("Error Code:" + oe.getErrorCode());
            System.out.println("Request ID:" + oe.getRequestId());
            System.out.println("Host ID:" + oe.getHostId());
        } catch (ClientException ce) {
            System.out.println("Caught an ClientException, which means the client encountered "
                    + "a serious internal problem while trying to communicate with OSS, "
                    + "such as not being able to access the network.");
            System.out.println("Error Message:" + ce.getMessage());
        } finally {
            if (ossClient != null) {
                ossClient.shutdown();
            }
        }
        return url;
    }
}

ENDPOINT获得方式：

9 测试

①编写控制类

@RestController
public class FileUploadController {
    @PostMapping("/upload")
    public Result<String> upload(MultipartFile file) throws Exception {
        String originalFilename = file.getOriginalFilename();
        //保证文件的名字是唯一的,从而防止文件覆盖
        String filename = UUID.randomUUID() +originalFilename.substring(originalFilename.lastIndexOf("."));
        String url = AliOssUtil.uploadFile(filename,file.getInputStream());
        return Result.success(url);
    }
}

②Postman测试