路飞项目--03

二次封装Response模块

# drf提供的Response，前端想接收到的格式 {code:xx,msg:xx}
后端返回，前端收到：

APIResponse(tokne='asdfa.asdfas.asdf')---->{code:100,msg:成功,token:asdfa.asdfas.asdf}
APIResponse(code=101,msg='用户不存在') ---->{code:101,msg:用户不存在}
APIResponse(results=[{},{}])---->{code:100,msg:成功,results:[{},{}]}
APIResponse(msg='创建成功')---->{code:100,msg:创建成功}
APIResponse(token=sd.11.22,icon='用户头像')---->{code:100,msg:创建成功,token:sd.11.22,icon:'用户头像'}
APIResponse(msg='创建成功',headers={'xx':xxx})---->{code:100,msg:创建成功}

# 开始封装:

# utills/common_response.py
from rest_framework.response import Response
class APIResponse(Response):
    def __init__(self, code=100, msg='成功', status=None, headers=None, **kwargs):
        data = {'code': code, 'msg': msg}
        if kwargs:  # kwargs={token:xx,icon:zz}
            data.update(kwargs)
        # super().__init__()---等同于 -->Response(data=data)
        super().__init__(data=data, headers=headers, status=status)

# views.py
from utils.common_response import APIResponse
class TestResponseView(APIView):
    def get(self, request):
        # retur n APIResponse(token='ss.ee.ss',icon='/media/icon/default.png')
        # return APIResponse(msg='创建成功')
        # return APIResponse(msg='用户不存在',code=101)
        # return APIResponse(results=[{},{}])
        return APIResponse(headers={'xx': 'yy'})
        # raise APIException(detail='用户名或密码错误')  # {code:999,msg:用户名或密码错误}

admin和国际化问题

# admin 注释掉，重新启动
* url中注册app
* 重新迁移
# 国际化
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-hans'
TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai'
USE_I18N = True
USE_L10N = True
USE_TZ = False

5个视图扩展类封装

# utills/mixins.py
from rest_framework.mixins import ListModelMixin, CreateModelMixin, DestroyModelMixin, UpdateModelMixin, \
    RetrieveModelMixin

from .common_response import APIResponse


class CommonListModelMixin(ListModelMixin):
    def list(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        # Response 的对象---》res.data
        res = super().list(request, *args, **kwargs)
        return APIResponse(results=res.data)  # {code:100,msg:成功,results:[{},{},{}]}


class CommonCreateModelMixin(CreateModelMixin):
    def create(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        res = super().create(request, *args, **kwargs)
        return APIResponse(msg='新增成功', result=res.data)  # {code:100,msg:新增成功,result:{}}


class CommonDestroyModelMixin(DestroyModelMixin):
    def destroy(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        super().destroy(request, *args, **kwargs)
        return APIResponse(msg='删除成功')  # {code:100,msg:删除成功}


class CommonUpdateModelMixin(UpdateModelMixin):
    def update(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        super().update(request, *args, **kwargs)
        return APIResponse(msg='修改成功')  # {code:100,msg:修改成功}


class CommonRetrieveModelMixin(RetrieveModelMixin):
    def retrieve(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        res = super().retrieve(request, *args, **kwargs)
        return APIResponse(result=res.data)  # {code:100,msg:成功,result:{}}

开启media访问

# 上传文件( ImageField,FileField ),会自动传到 media文件夹下的 to 的路径
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'media')
MEDIA_URL = 'media/'
# 在总路由中配置：
from django.conf import settings
from django.views.static import serve
path('media/<path:path>', serve, kwargs={'document_root': settings.MEDIA_ROOT}),
# http://127.0.0.1:8000/media/icon/2.png

前端创建--vue2

前端使用vue2搭建，使用pycharm打开运行，删除不需要的样式和vue文件
vue create luffy_city

前端配置

1、全局样式：

# 在main.js里引入：
//在这里导入即可--全局样式生效
import '@/assets/css/global.css'
/* assets/css/global.css */
/* 声明全局样式和项目的初始化样式 */
body, h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, p, table, tr, td, ul, li, a, form, input, select, option, textarea {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    font-size: 15px;
}

a {
    text-decoration: none;
    color: #333;
}

ul {
    list-style: none;
}

table {
    border-collapse: collapse; /* 合并边框 */
}
2、配置文件(路由)：

# 在main.js中注册

以后再任意组件中，this.$settings.BASE_URL # 拿到基地址
// main.js
import settings from "@/assets/js/settings";
Vue.prototype.$settings = settings

/* asesst/ js/ settings.jss */
export default {
    BASE_URL: 'http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/'
}
3、axios：

# 安装：cnpm install -S axios
// main.js
import axios from "axios";
Vue.prototype.$axios = axios

// 以后再任意组件中直接使用
this.$axios.get(this.$settings.BASE_URL+'user/user/loign/')
4、使用elementui：

# 安装: cnpm install element-ui -S

# 网址：组件 | Element
// main.js
import ElementUI from 'element-ui';
import 'element-ui/lib/theme-chalk/index.css';
Vue.use(ElementUI);
5、操作cookie:

# 安装：cnpm install vue-cookies

# 以后任意组件直接使用：this.$cookies.set / this.$cookies.get
// main.js
import cookies from 'vue-cookies'
Vue.prototype.$cookies = cookies;
6、使用bootstrap:
# 安装：cnpm install bootstrap@5

卸载：cnpm remove bootstrap@4

# 在组件中使用： <button class="btn btn-danger">点我看美女</button>
// main.js
import 'bootstrap/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css'

后端之轮播图

首页home---轮播图接口
轮播图表：

 #utils / common_model.py
from django.db import models

class BaseModel(models.Model):
    created_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='创建时间')
    updated_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True, verbose_name='最后更新时间')
    is_delete = models.BooleanField(default=False, verbose_name='是否删除')
    is_show = models.BooleanField(default=True, verbose_name='是否上架')
    orders = models.IntegerField(verbose_name='优先级')

    class Meta:
        abstract = True  # 这样写了，这张表是个虚拟的，不会在数据库创建，只用来继承

# home/models  继承common_models.py
from utills.common_model import BaseModel

# 通过写一个BaseModel 实现，以后如果其他表中有对应字段，直接继承即可
class Banner(BaseModel):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=16, unique=True, verbose_name='名称')
    image = models.ImageField(upload_to='banner', verbose_name='图片')
    link = models.CharField(max_length=64, verbose_name='跳转链接')
    info = models.TextField(verbose_name='详情')

轮播图接口：这里运用了自定义配置common_settings，参考下列知识

# home/serializers.py
from rest_framework import serializers
from .models import Banner

class BannerSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Banner
        fields = ['id', 'title', 'image', 'link']

# home/views.py
from .models import Banner
from rest_framework.viewsets import GenericViewSet
from utills.mixins import CommonListModelMixin
from .serializers import BannerSerializer
from django.conf import settings

# 查询所有轮播图
class BannerView(GenericViewSet, CommonListModelMixin):
    # qs对象可以切片----》 limit 2
    queryset = Banner.objects.all().filter(is_delete=False, is_show=True).order_by('orders')[:settings.BANNER_COUNT]
    serializer_class = BannerSerializer

# urls.py
from django.urls import path,include
urlpatterns = [
    path('api/v1/home/', include('home.urls')),
]

# home/urls.py
from rest_framework.routers import SimpleRouter
from .views import BannerView

router=SimpleRouter()
router.register('banner',BannerView,'banner')

urlpatterns = [
]

urlpatterns += router.urls

自定义配置

1、以后咱们会有自定义的配置 common_settings.py
# settings/common_settings
# 自定义配置
BANNER_COUNT=3

# 还有自己其他的配置，都写在这里
2、将自定义配置引入总 settings/dev.py 中
# 导入common_settings.py
from .common_settings import *
3、只需要在配置文件中导入：from .common_settings import *