一、首先到QQ邮箱申请开启POP3、SMTP协议
二、安装依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>5.3.23</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
</dependency>
三、配置文件
spring:
#配置邮箱发送邮件
mail:
default-encoding: utf-8 #默认编码
host: smtp.qq.com #配置SMTP 服务器地址
username: xxxxxxx@qq.com #发送者邮箱
password: xxxxxxxxxxx#申请到的授权码
port: 587 #端口号587或 465
properties: #配置SSL 加密工厂
mail:
smtp:
socketFactoryClass: javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory
debug: true #表示开启debug模式，这样，邮件发送的过程会在控制台打印出来，这样方便排查错误
#配置这些好后，springboot会自动帮我们配置好相关的邮件发送类
thymeleaf:
cache: false
prefix: classpath:/templates/
四、如果需要发送模板的邮件，则在/templates/目录下建立email.html文件
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>使用Thymeleaf作为邮件的模板</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>hello 欢迎加入 xxx 大家庭，您的入职信息如下：</p>
<table border="1">
<tr>
<td>姓名</td>
<td th:text="${username}"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>职位</td>
<td th:text="${position}"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>薪水</td>
<td th:text="${salary}"></td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="color: #ff1a0e">一起努力创造辉煌</div>
</body>
</html>
五、如果需要异常打印信息的话新建自定义异常类BusinessException
public class BusinessException extends RuntimeException {
public BusinessException(String msg){
super(msg);
}
}
六、如果需要发送附件的话，则新建网络文件转流类
package com.example.answer_system.utils;
import org.springframework.mock.web.MockMultipartFile;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLConnection;
//文件转换工具
public class FileUtils {
/**
* 将网络文件转换为文件流
* @param imageUrl
* @return
*/
public static MultipartFile fileUrlConvertToMultipartFile(String imageUrl) {
try {
// 将在线图片地址转换为URL对象
URL url = new URL(imageUrl);
// 打开URL连接
URLConnection connection = url.openConnection();
// 转换为HttpURLConnection对象
HttpURLConnection httpURLConnection = (HttpURLConnection) connection;
// 获取输入流
InputStream inputStream = httpURLConnection.getInputStream();
// 读取输入流中的数据，并保存到字节数组中
ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOutputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
int bytesRead;
while ((bytesRead = inputStream.read(buffer)) != -1) {
byteArrayOutputStream.write(buffer, 0, bytesRead);
}
// 将字节数组转换为字节数组
byte[] bytes = byteArrayOutputStream.toByteArray();
// 创建ByteArrayInputStream对象，将字节数组传递给它
ByteArrayInputStream byteArrayInputStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes);
// 创建MultipartFile对象，将ByteArrayInputStream对象作为构造函数的参数
MultipartFile multipartFile = new MockMultipartFile("file", "filename.jpg", "image/jpg", byteArrayInputStream);
return multipartFile;
}catch (IOException ex){
ex.printStackTrace();
throw new BusinessException("附件无效");
}
}
}
七、测试方法
package com.example.answer_system.service.impl;
import com.example.answer_system.service.IMailService;
import com.example.answer_system.utils.BusinessException;
import com.example.answer_system.utils.FileUtils;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.thymeleaf.TemplateEngine;
import org.thymeleaf.context.Context;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import java.util.Date;
@Service
public class MailServiceImpl implements IMailService {
@Resource
public JavaMailSender javaMailSender;
@Value("${spring.mail.username}")
private String sendUserMailName;
@Resource
private TemplateEngine templateEngine;
//简单文本
@Override
public String sendMailQQMsg(){
SimpleMailMessage message=new SimpleMailMessage();//构建一个邮件对象
message.setSubject("使用springboot发送邮件测试");//设置邮件主题
message.setFrom(sendUserMailName);//设置邮件发送人，要与application.yml文件配置一致
message.setTo(sendUserMailName);//设置收件人,如果有多个接收人，使用","隔开
//message.setCc("3121624188@qq.com");//设置抄送人，可以有多个
//message.setBcc("3121624188@qq.com");//设置隐秘抄送人，可以有多个
message.setSentDate(new Date());//设置发送日期
message.setText("小程使用springboot发送邮件的简单测试！！");//设置邮件正文
javaMailSender.send(message);//发送邮件
return "OK";
}
@Override
public String sendAttachFileMail(String filePath) {
try {
MimeMessage mimeMessage=javaMailSender.createMimeMessage();
MimeMessageHelper helper=new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage,true);//true表示构建一个带附件的邮件对象
helper.setSubject("这是一封测试邮件，带附件的");
helper.setFrom(sendUserMailName);
helper.setTo(new String[]{sendUserMailName});
helper.setSentDate(new Date());
helper.setText("小程使用springboot发送可以带附件的邮件 测试！！");
helper.addAttachment("james.jpg", FileUtils.fileUrlConvertToMultipartFile(filePath));//第一个参数是自定义的名称，第二个参数是文件的位置
javaMailSender.send(mimeMessage);
}catch (MessagingException ex){
throw new BusinessException("发送异常");
}catch (Exception ex){
ex.printStackTrace();
}
finally {
return "OK";
}
}
@Override
public String sendThymeleaf(){
try {
MimeMessage mimeMessage = javaMailSender.createMimeMessage();
MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage, true);
helper.setSubject("使用Thymeleaf模板作为发送邮件的模板");
helper.setFrom(sendUserMailName);
helper.setTo(sendUserMailName);
helper.setSentDate(new Date());
//这里进入的是Template的Context
Context context = new Context();
//设置模板中的变量
context.setVariable("username","程婷");
context.setVariable("position","java开发工程师");
context.setVariable("salary","XXXXXK");
//第一个参数作为模板的，名称
String process = templateEngine.process("email.html", context);
//第二个参数true表示这是html文本
helper.setText(process,true);
javaMailSender.send(mimeMessage);
}catch (MessagingException ex){
throw new BusinessException("失败");
}
return "OK";
}
}
