pom.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.by</groupId>
    <artifactId>Spring_IOC_Xml</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    
    <properties>
        <!-- 项目源码及编译输出的编码 -->
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <!-- 项目编译JDK版本 -->
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>
    
    <dependencies>
        <!-- Spring常用依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.8.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

 dao:

/**
 * 持久层实现类
 */
public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {

    @Override
    public void addUser(){
        System.out.println("insert into tb_user......");
    }
}

servlice:

/**
 * 业务层实现类
 */
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
    //此处有依赖关系
    private UserDao userDao = new UserDaoImpl();

    public void addUser(){
        userDao.addUser();
    }
}

applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--1、注意：要导入schema约束-->
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    
    <!--
		2、把对象交给spring来创建
       		id：给对象在容器中提供一个唯一标识。用于获取对象	
		   	class：指定类的全限定类名。用于反射创建对象。默认情况下调用无参构造函数
	-->
    <bean id="userDao" class="com.by.dao.UserDaoImpl"></bean>
    <bean id="userService" class="com.by.service.UserServiceImpl"></bean>
</beans>

 测试：

/**
 * 模拟表现层
 */
public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //1.使用ApplicationContext接口，就是在获取spring容器
        ApplicationContext ac = new 
            ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        //2.根据bean的id获取对象
        UserDao userDao = (UserDao) ac.getBean("userDao");
        System.out.println(userDao);

        UserService userService = (UserService) ac.getBean("userService");
        System.out.println(userService);
        userService.addUser();
    }
}