p67 课程介绍
p68概述
p69 mapreduce核心思想
p70 wordcount源码 序列化类型
mapReduce三类进程
p71 编程规范
用户编写的程序分成三个部分：Mapper、Reducer和Driver。
P72 wordcount需求案例分析
p 73 -78 案例环境准备
（1）创建maven工程，MapReduceDemo
（2）在pom.xml文件中添加如下依赖
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.hadoop</groupId>
<artifactId>hadoop-client</artifactId>
<version>3.1.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>1.7.30</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
（2）在项目的src/main/resources目录下，新建一个文件，命名为“log4j.properties”，在文件中填入。
log4j.rootLogger=INFO, stdout
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d %p [%c] - %m%n
log4j.appender.logfile=org.apache.log4j.FileAppender
log4j.appender.logfile.File=target/spring.log
log4j.appender.logfile.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.logfile.layout.ConversionPattern=%d %p [%c] - %m%n
（3）创建包名：com.atguigu.mapreduce.wordcount
4）编写程序
（1）编写Mapper类
package com.atguigu.mapreduce.wordcount;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.IntWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.LongWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Mapper;
public class WordCountMapper extends Mapper<LongWritable, Text, Text, IntWritable>{
Text k = new Text();
IntWritable v = new IntWritable(1);
@Override
protected void map(LongWritable key, Text value, Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
// 1 获取一行
String line = value.toString();
// 2 切割
String[] words = line.split(" ");
// 3 输出
for (String word : words) {
k.set(word);
context.write(k, v);
}
}
}
（2）编写Reducer类
package com.atguigu.mapreduce.wordcount;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.IntWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Reducer;
public class WordCountReducer extends Reducer<Text, IntWritable, Text, IntWritable>{
int sum;
IntWritable v = new IntWritable();
@Override
protected void reduce(Text key, Iterable<IntWritable> values,Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
// 1 累加求和
sum = 0;
for (IntWritable count : values) {
sum += count.get();
}
// 2 输出
v.set(sum);
context.write(key,v);
}
}
（3）编写Driver驱动类
package com.atguigu.mapreduce.wordcount;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.IntWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.FileInputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.output.FileOutputFormat;
public class WordCountDriver {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException, InterruptedException {
// 1 获取配置信息以及获取job对象
Configuration conf = new Configuration();
Job job = Job.getInstance(conf);
// 2 关联本Driver程序的jar
job.setJarByClass(WordCountDriver.class);
// 3 关联Mapper和Reducer的jar
job.setMapperClass(WordCountMapper.class);
job.setReducerClass(WordCountReducer.class);
// 4 设置Mapper输出的kv类型
job.setMapOutputKeyClass(Text.class);
job.setMapOutputValueClass(IntWritable.class);
// 5 设置最终输出kv类型
job.setOutputKeyClass(Text.class);
job.setOutputValueClass(IntWritable.class);
// 6 设置输入和输出路径
FileInputFormat.setInputPaths(job, new Path(args[0]));
FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job, new Path(args[1]));
// 7 提交job
boolean result = job.waitForCompletion(true);
System.exit(result ? 0 : 1);
}
}
本地测试
（1）需要首先配置好HADOOP_HOME变量以及Windows运行依赖
（2）在IDEA/Eclipse上运行程序
提交到集群测试
集群上测试
（1）用maven打jar包，需要添加的打包插件依赖
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.6.1</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<descriptorRefs>
<descriptorRef>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRef>
</descriptorRefs>
</configuration>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>make-assembly</id>
<phase>package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>single</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
（2）将程序打成jar包
（3）修改不带依赖的jar包名称为 wc.jar，并拷贝该jar包到Hadoop集群的 /opt/module/hadoop-3.1.3 路径。
（4）启动Hadoop集群
[atguigu@hadoop102 hadoop-3.1.3]sbin/start-dfs.sh
[atguigu@hadoop103 hadoop-3.1.3]$ sbin/start-yarn.sh
（5）执行WordCount程序
[atguigu@hadoop102 hadoop-3.1.3]$ hadoop jar wc.jar
com.atguigu.mapreduce.wordcount.WordCountDriver /user/atguigu/input /user/atguigu/output
p79-86 序列化案例
编写MapReduce程序
package com.atguigu.mapreduce.writable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Writable;
import java.io.DataInput;
import java.io.DataOutput;
import java.io.IOException;
public class FlowBean implements Writable {
private long upFlow;
private long downFlow;
private long sumFlow;
public FlowBean() {
}
public long getUpFlow() {
return upFlow;
}
public void setUpFlow(long upFlow) {
this.upFlow = upFlow;
}
public long getDownFlow() {
return downFlow;
}
public void setDownFlow(long downFlow) {
this.downFlow = downFlow;
}
public long getSumFlow() {
return sumFlow;
}
public void setSumFlow() {
sumFlow= upFlow+downFlow;
}
@Override
public void write(DataOutput out) throws IOException {
out.writeLong(upFlow);
out.writeLong(downFlow);
out.writeLong(sumFlow);
}
@Override
public void readFields(DataInput in) throws IOException {
upFlow = in.readLong();
downFlow = in.readLong();
sumFlow = in.readLong();
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return upFlow + "\t" + downFlow + "\t" + sumFlow;
}
}
package com.atguigu.mapreduce.writable;
import com.sun.org.apache.bcel.internal.generic.NEW;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.LongWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Mapper;
import javax.sound.sampled.Line;
import java.io.IOException;
public class FlowMapper extends Mapper<LongWritable, Text,Text,FlowBean> {
FlowBean flowBean = new FlowBean();
Text keyPhone = new Text();
@Override
protected void map(LongWritable key, Text value, Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
String line = value.toString();
String[] arr = line.split("\t");
String phone=arr[1];
String up=arr[arr.length-3];
String down=arr[arr.length-2];
keyPhone.set(phone);
flowBean.setUpFlow(Long.parseLong(up));
flowBean.setDownFlow(Long.parseLong(down));
flowBean.setSumFlow();
context.write(keyPhone,flowBean);
}
}
package com.atguigu.mapreduce.writable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Reducer;
import java.io.IOException;
public class FlowReducer extends Reducer<Text,FlowBean,Text,FlowBean> {
private FlowBean reduceFlowBean=new FlowBean();
@Override
protected void reduce(Text key, Iterable<FlowBean> values, Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
long up=0;
long down=0;
for (FlowBean flowBean: values) {
up+=flowBean.getUpFlow();
down+=flowBean.getDownFlow();
}
reduceFlowBean.setUpFlow(up);
reduceFlowBean.setDownFlow(down);
reduceFlowBean.setSumFlow();
context.write(key,reduceFlowBean);
}
}
package com.atguigu.mapreduce.writable;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.FileInputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.output.FileOutputFormat;
import java.io.IOException;
public class FlowDriver {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException, InterruptedException {
Configuration config = new Configuration();
Job job = Job.getInstance(config);
job.setJarByClass(FlowDriver.class);
job.setMapperClass(FlowMapper.class);
job.setReducerClass(FlowReducer.class);
job.setMapOutputKeyClass(Text.class);
job.setMapOutputValueClass(FlowBean.class);
job.setOutputKeyClass(Text.class);
job.setOutputValueClass(FlowBean.class);
FileInputFormat.setInputPaths(job,new Path("D:\\inputFlow"));
FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job,new Path("D:\\outputFlow"));
boolean completion = job.waitForCompletion(true);
System.exit(completion?0:1);
}
}
p87 88 切片机制与并行度决定机制
1）问题引出
MapTask的并行度决定Map阶段的任务处理并发度，进而影响到整个Job的处理速度。
思考：1G的数据，启动8个MapTask，可以提高集群的并发处理能力。那么1K的数据，也启动8个MapTask，会提高集群性能吗？MapTask并行任务是否越多越好呢？哪些因素影响了MapTask并行度？
2）MapTask并行度决定机制
数据块：Block是HDFS物理上把数据分成一块一块。数据块是HDFS存储数据单位。
数据切片：数据切片只是在逻辑上对输入进行分片，并不会在磁盘上将其切分成片进行存储。数据切片是MapReduce程序计算输入数据的单位，一个切片会对应启动一个MapTask。
生成临时目录 ,split文件和xml配置,如果是集群模式还要上传jar包
p89-91 切片源码
92 TextInputFormat
p92 93 CombineTextInputFormat切片机制
CombineTextInputFormat案例实操
p94 mapreduce工作流程
上面的流程是整个MapReduce最全工作流程，但是Shuffle过程只是从第7步开始到第16步结束，具体Shuffle过程详解，如下：
（1）MapTask收集我们的map()方法输出的kv对，放到内存缓冲区中
（2）从内存缓冲区不断溢出本地磁盘文件，可能会溢出多个文件
（3）多个溢出文件会被合并成大的溢出文件
（4）在溢出过程及合并的过程中，都要调用Partitioner进行分区和针对key进行排序
（5）ReduceTask根据自己的分区号，去各个MapTask机器上取相应的结果分区数据
（6）ReduceTask会抓取到同一个分区的来自不同MapTask的结果文件，ReduceTask会将这些文件再进行合并（归并排序）
（7）合并成大文件后，Shuffle的过程也就结束了，后面进入ReduceTask的逻辑运算过程（从文件中取出一个一个的键值对Group，调用用户自定义的reduce()方法）
注意：
（1）Shuffle中的缓冲区大小会影响到MapReduce程序的执行效率，原则上说，缓冲区越大，磁盘io的次数越少，执行速度就越快。
（2）缓冲区的大小可以通过参数调整，参数：mapreduce.task.io.sort.mb默认100M。
