智慧农业随着数字化信息化浪潮的演变有了新的定义,在前面的系列博文中,我们从一些现实世界里面的所见所想所感进行了很多对应的实践,感兴趣的话可以自行移步阅读即可:
《自建数据集,基于YOLOv7开发构建农田场景下杂草检测识别系统》
《轻量级目标检测模型实战——杂草检测》
《激光除草距离我们实际的农业生活还有多远,结合近期所见所感基于yolov8开发构建田间作物杂草检测识别系统》
《基于yolov5的农作物田间杂草检测识别系统》
《AI助力智慧农业,基于YOLOv3开发构建农田场景下的庄稼作物、田间杂草智能检测识别系统》
《AI助力智慧农业,基于YOLOv5全系列模型【n/s/m/l/x】开发构建不同参数量级农田场景下庄稼作物、杂草智能检测识别系统》
《AI助力智慧农业,基于YOLOv6最新版本模型开发构建不同参数量级农田场景下庄稼作物、杂草智能检测识别系统》
自动化的激光除草,是未来大面积农业规划化作物种植生产过程中非常有效的技术手段,本文是AI助力智慧农业的第四篇系列博文,主要的目的就是想要基于yolov7来开发构建不同参数量级的检测模型,助力智能检测分析。
首先看下实例效果:
接下来看下数据详情;
【图像数据】
【yolo格式标注数据】
【voc格式标注数据】
这里主要是选择了yolov7-tiny、yolov7和yolov7x三款不同参数量级的模型来进行开发训练,训练数据配置文件如下:
# txt path
train: ./dataset/images/train
val: ./dataset/images/test
test: ./dataset/images/test
# number of classes
nc: 2
# class names
names: ['crop', 'weed']
【yolov7-tiny】模型文件如下:
# parameters
nc: 2 # number of classes
depth_multiple: 1.0 # model depth multiple
width_multiple: 1.0 # layer channel multiple
# anchors
anchors:
- [10,13, 16,30, 33,23] # P3/8
- [30,61, 62,45, 59,119] # P4/16
- [116,90, 156,198, 373,326] # P5/32
# yolov7-tiny backbone
backbone:
# [from, number, module, args] c2, k=1, s=1, p=None, g=1, act=True
[[-1, 1, Conv, [32, 3, 2, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]], # 0-P1/2
[-1, 1, Conv, [64, 3, 2, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]], # 1-P2/4
[-1, 1, Conv, [32, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-2, 1, Conv, [32, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [32, 3, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [32, 3, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[[-1, -2, -3, -4], 1, Concat, [1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [64, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]], # 7
[-1, 1, MP, []], # 8-P3/8
[-1, 1, Conv, [64, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-2, 1, Conv, [64, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [64, 3, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [64, 3, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[[-1, -2, -3, -4], 1, Concat, [1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]], # 14
[-1, 1, MP, []], # 15-P4/16
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-2, 1, Conv, [128, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 3, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 3, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[[-1, -2, -3, -4], 1, Concat, [1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]], # 21
[-1, 1, MP, []], # 22-P5/32
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-2, 1, Conv, [256, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[[-1, -2, -3, -4], 1, Concat, [1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [512, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]], # 28
]
# yolov7-tiny head
head:
[[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-2, 1, Conv, [256, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-1, 1, SP, [5]],
[-2, 1, SP, [9]],
[-3, 1, SP, [13]],
[[-1, -2, -3, -4], 1, Concat, [1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[[-1, -7], 1, Concat, [1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]], # 37
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-1, 1, nn.Upsample, [None, 2, 'nearest']],
[21, 1, Conv, [128, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]], # route backbone P4
[[-1, -2], 1, Concat, [1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [64, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-2, 1, Conv, [64, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [64, 3, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [64, 3, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[[-1, -2, -3, -4], 1, Concat, [1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]], # 47
[-1, 1, Conv, [64, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-1, 1, nn.Upsample, [None, 2, 'nearest']],
[14, 1, Conv, [64, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]], # route backbone P3
[[-1, -2], 1, Concat, [1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [32, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-2, 1, Conv, [32, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [32, 3, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [32, 3, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[[-1, -2, -3, -4], 1, Concat, [1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [64, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]], # 57
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 3, 2, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[[-1, 47], 1, Concat, [1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [64, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-2, 1, Conv, [64, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [64, 3, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [64, 3, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[[-1, -2, -3, -4], 1, Concat, [1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]], # 65
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 2, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[[-1, 37], 1, Concat, [1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-2, 1, Conv, [128, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 3, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 3, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[[-1, -2, -3, -4], 1, Concat, [1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 1, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]], # 73
[57, 1, Conv, [128, 3, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[65, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[73, 1, Conv, [512, 3, 1, None, 1, nn.LeakyReLU(0.1)]],
[[74,75,76], 1, IDetect, [nc, anchors]], # Detect(P3, P4, P5)
]
【yolov7】模型文件如下:
# parameters
nc: 2 # number of classes
depth_multiple: 1.0 # model depth multiple
width_multiple: 1.0 # layer channel multiple
# anchors
anchors:
- [12,16, 19,36, 40,28] # P3/8
- [36,75, 76,55, 72,146] # P4/16
- [142,110, 192,243, 459,401] # P5/32
# yolov7 backbone
backbone:
# [from, number, module, args]
[[-1, 1, Conv, [32, 3, 1]], # 0
[-1, 1, Conv, [64, 3, 2]], # 1-P1/2
[-1, 1, Conv, [64, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 3, 2]], # 3-P2/4
[-1, 1, Conv, [64, 1, 1]],
[-2, 1, Conv, [64, 1, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [64, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [64, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [64, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [64, 3, 1]],
[[-1, -3, -5, -6], 1, Concat, [1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 1, 1]], # 11
[-1, 1, MP, []],
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 1, 1]],
[-3, 1, Conv, [128, 1, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 3, 2]],
[[-1, -3], 1, Concat, [1]], # 16-P3/8
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 1, 1]],
[-2, 1, Conv, [128, 1, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 3, 1]],
[[-1, -3, -5, -6], 1, Concat, [1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [512, 1, 1]], # 24
[-1, 1, MP, []],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 1, 1]],
[-3, 1, Conv, [256, 1, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 2]],
[[-1, -3], 1, Concat, [1]], # 29-P4/16
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 1, 1]],
[-2, 1, Conv, [256, 1, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 1]],
[[-1, -3, -5, -6], 1, Concat, [1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [1024, 1, 1]], # 37
[-1, 1, MP, []],
[-1, 1, Conv, [512, 1, 1]],
[-3, 1, Conv, [512, 1, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [512, 3, 2]],
[[-1, -3], 1, Concat, [1]], # 42-P5/32
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 1, 1]],
[-2, 1, Conv, [256, 1, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 1]],
[[-1, -3, -5, -6], 1, Concat, [1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [1024, 1, 1]], # 50
]
# yolov7 head
head:
[[-1, 1, SPPCSPC, [512]], # 51
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 1, 1]],
[-1, 1, nn.Upsample, [None, 2, 'nearest']],
[37, 1, Conv, [256, 1, 1]], # route backbone P4
[[-1, -2], 1, Concat, [1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 1, 1]],
[-2, 1, Conv, [256, 1, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 3, 1]],
[[-1, -2, -3, -4, -5, -6], 1, Concat, [1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 1, 1]], # 63
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 1, 1]],
[-1, 1, nn.Upsample, [None, 2, 'nearest']],
[24, 1, Conv, [128, 1, 1]], # route backbone P3
[[-1, -2], 1, Concat, [1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 1, 1]],
[-2, 1, Conv, [128, 1, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [64, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [64, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [64, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [64, 3, 1]],
[[-1, -2, -3, -4, -5, -6], 1, Concat, [1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 1, 1]], # 75
[-1, 1, MP, []],
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 1, 1]],
[-3, 1, Conv, [128, 1, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 3, 2]],
[[-1, -3, 63], 1, Concat, [1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 1, 1]],
[-2, 1, Conv, [256, 1, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 3, 1]],
[[-1, -2, -3, -4, -5, -6], 1, Concat, [1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 1, 1]], # 88
[-1, 1, MP, []],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 1, 1]],
[-3, 1, Conv, [256, 1, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 2]],
[[-1, -3, 51], 1, Concat, [1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [512, 1, 1]],
[-2, 1, Conv, [512, 1, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 1]],
[[-1, -2, -3, -4, -5, -6], 1, Concat, [1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [512, 1, 1]], # 101
[75, 1, RepConv, [256, 3, 1]],
[88, 1, RepConv, [512, 3, 1]],
[101, 1, RepConv, [1024, 3, 1]],
[[102,103,104], 1, IDetect, [nc, anchors]], # Detect(P3, P4, P5)
]
【yolov7x】模型文件如下:
# parameters
nc: 2 # number of classes
depth_multiple: 1.0 # model depth multiple
width_multiple: 1.0 # layer channel multiple
# anchors
anchors:
- [12,16, 19,36, 40,28] # P3/8
- [36,75, 76,55, 72,146] # P4/16
- [142,110, 192,243, 459,401] # P5/32
# yolov7 backbone
backbone:
# [from, number, module, args]
[[-1, 1, Conv, [40, 3, 1]], # 0
[-1, 1, Conv, [80, 3, 2]], # 1-P1/2
[-1, 1, Conv, [80, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [160, 3, 2]], # 3-P2/4
[-1, 1, Conv, [64, 1, 1]],
[-2, 1, Conv, [64, 1, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [64, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [64, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [64, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [64, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [64, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [64, 3, 1]],
[[-1, -3, -5, -7, -8], 1, Concat, [1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [320, 1, 1]], # 13
[-1, 1, MP, []],
[-1, 1, Conv, [160, 1, 1]],
[-3, 1, Conv, [160, 1, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [160, 3, 2]],
[[-1, -3], 1, Concat, [1]], # 18-P3/8
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 1, 1]],
[-2, 1, Conv, [128, 1, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 3, 1]],
[[-1, -3, -5, -7, -8], 1, Concat, [1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [640, 1, 1]], # 28
[-1, 1, MP, []],
[-1, 1, Conv, [320, 1, 1]],
[-3, 1, Conv, [320, 1, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [320, 3, 2]],
[[-1, -3], 1, Concat, [1]], # 33-P4/16
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 1, 1]],
[-2, 1, Conv, [256, 1, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 1]],
[[-1, -3, -5, -7, -8], 1, Concat, [1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [1280, 1, 1]], # 43
[-1, 1, MP, []],
[-1, 1, Conv, [640, 1, 1]],
[-3, 1, Conv, [640, 1, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [640, 3, 2]],
[[-1, -3], 1, Concat, [1]], # 48-P5/32
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 1, 1]],
[-2, 1, Conv, [256, 1, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 1]],
[[-1, -3, -5, -7, -8], 1, Concat, [1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [1280, 1, 1]], # 58
]
# yolov7 head
head:
[[-1, 1, SPPCSPC, [640]], # 59
[-1, 1, Conv, [320, 1, 1]],
[-1, 1, nn.Upsample, [None, 2, 'nearest']],
[43, 1, Conv, [320, 1, 1]], # route backbone P4
[[-1, -2], 1, Concat, [1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 1, 1]],
[-2, 1, Conv, [256, 1, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 1]],
[[-1, -3, -5, -7, -8], 1, Concat, [1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [320, 1, 1]], # 73
[-1, 1, Conv, [160, 1, 1]],
[-1, 1, nn.Upsample, [None, 2, 'nearest']],
[28, 1, Conv, [160, 1, 1]], # route backbone P3
[[-1, -2], 1, Concat, [1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 1, 1]],
[-2, 1, Conv, [128, 1, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 3, 1]],
[[-1, -3, -5, -7, -8], 1, Concat, [1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [160, 1, 1]], # 87
[-1, 1, MP, []],
[-1, 1, Conv, [160, 1, 1]],
[-3, 1, Conv, [160, 1, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [160, 3, 2]],
[[-1, -3, 73], 1, Concat, [1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 1, 1]],
[-2, 1, Conv, [256, 1, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 1]],
[[-1, -3, -5, -7, -8], 1, Concat, [1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [320, 1, 1]], # 102
[-1, 1, MP, []],
[-1, 1, Conv, [320, 1, 1]],
[-3, 1, Conv, [320, 1, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [320, 3, 2]],
[[-1, -3, 59], 1, Concat, [1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [512, 1, 1]],
[-2, 1, Conv, [512, 1, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [512, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [512, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [512, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [512, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [512, 3, 1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [512, 3, 1]],
[[-1, -3, -5, -7, -8], 1, Concat, [1]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [640, 1, 1]], # 117
[87, 1, Conv, [320, 3, 1]],
[102, 1, Conv, [640, 3, 1]],
[117, 1, Conv, [1280, 3, 1]],
[[118,119,120], 1, IDetect, [nc, anchors]], # Detect(P3, P4, P5)
]
在实验阶段保持完全相同的参数设置,等待全部训练完成之后来从多个指标的维度来进行综合的对比分析。
【Precision曲线】
精确率曲线(Precision-Recall Curve)是一种用于评估二分类模型在不同阈值下的精确率性能的可视化工具。它通过绘制不同阈值下的精确率和召回率之间的关系图来帮助我们了解模型在不同阈值下的表现。
精确率(Precision)是指被正确预测为正例的样本数占所有预测为正例的样本数的比例。召回率(Recall)是指被正确预测为正例的样本数占所有实际为正例的样本数的比例。
绘制精确率曲线的步骤如下:
使用不同的阈值将预测概率转换为二进制类别标签。通常,当预测概率大于阈值时,样本被分类为正例,否则分类为负例。
对于每个阈值,计算相应的精确率和召回率。
将每个阈值下的精确率和召回率绘制在同一个图表上,形成精确率曲线。
根据精确率曲线的形状和变化趋势,可以选择适当的阈值以达到所需的性能要求。
通过观察精确率曲线,我们可以根据需求确定最佳的阈值,以平衡精确率和召回率。较高的精确率意味着较少的误报,而较高的召回率则表示较少的漏报。根据具体的业务需求和成本权衡,可以在曲线上选择合适的操作点或阈值。
精确率曲线通常与召回率曲线(Recall Curve)一起使用,以提供更全面的分类器性能分析,并帮助评估和比较不同模型的性能。
【Recall曲线】
召回率曲线(Recall Curve)是一种用于评估二分类模型在不同阈值下的召回率性能的可视化工具。它通过绘制不同阈值下的召回率和对应的精确率之间的关系图来帮助我们了解模型在不同阈值下的表现。
召回率(Recall)是指被正确预测为正例的样本数占所有实际为正例的样本数的比例。召回率也被称为灵敏度(Sensitivity)或真正例率(True Positive Rate)。
绘制召回率曲线的步骤如下:
使用不同的阈值将预测概率转换为二进制类别标签。通常,当预测概率大于阈值时,样本被分类为正例,否则分类为负例。
对于每个阈值,计算相应的召回率和对应的精确率。
将每个阈值下的召回率和精确率绘制在同一个图表上,形成召回率曲线。
根据召回率曲线的形状和变化趋势,可以选择适当的阈值以达到所需的性能要求。
通过观察召回率曲线,我们可以根据需求确定最佳的阈值,以平衡召回率和精确率。较高的召回率表示较少的漏报,而较高的精确率意味着较少的误报。根据具体的业务需求和成本权衡,可以在曲线上选择合适的操作点或阈值。
召回率曲线通常与精确率曲线(Precision Curve)一起使用,以提供更全面的分类器性能分析,并帮助评估和比较不同模型的性能。
【F1值曲线】
F1值曲线是一种用于评估二分类模型在不同阈值下的性能的可视化工具。它通过绘制不同阈值下的精确率(Precision)、召回率(Recall)和F1分数的关系图来帮助我们理解模型的整体性能。
F1分数是精确率和召回率的调和平均值,它综合考虑了两者的性能指标。F1值曲线可以帮助我们确定在不同精确率和召回率之间找到一个平衡点,以选择最佳的阈值。
绘制F1值曲线的步骤如下:
使用不同的阈值将预测概率转换为二进制类别标签。通常,当预测概率大于阈值时,样本被分类为正例,否则分类为负例。
对于每个阈值,计算相应的精确率、召回率和F1分数。
将每个阈值下的精确率、召回率和F1分数绘制在同一个图表上,形成F1值曲线。
根据F1值曲线的形状和变化趋势,可以选择适当的阈值以达到所需的性能要求。
F1值曲线通常与接收者操作特征曲线(ROC曲线)一起使用,以帮助评估和比较不同模型的性能。它们提供了更全面的分类器性能分析,可以根据具体应用场景来选择合适的模型和阈值设置。
不难发现,整体对比分析下来tiny系列的模型精度最低,yolov7和yolov7x系列的模型精度较为接近,但是yolov7具有速度的优势,在实际选择落地的时候会优先选择使用yolov7模型来进行开发设计。