1.定义一个基类 Animal，其中有一个虛函数perform（)，用于在子类中实现不同的表演行为。

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;
class Animal
{
private:
    int weight;
public:
    Animal(){}
    Animal(int weight):weight(weight){}
    virtual void perform() = 0;
    virtual ~Animal(){}
};
class Cat:public Animal
{
private:
    string name;
public:
    Cat(){}
    Cat(int weight,string name):Animal(weight),name(name){}
    void perform()
    {
        cout << "后空翻"  << endl;
    }
    ~Cat(){}
};
class Lion:public Animal
{
private:
    string name;
public:
    Lion(){}
    Lion(int weight,string name):Animal(weight),name(name){}
    void perform()
    {

        cout << "睡觉" << endl;
    }
    ~Lion(){}
};

int main()
{
    Cat c(5,"小咪");
    Lion l(55,"大黄");
    Animal *a;
    a = &c;
    a->perform();
    a = &l;
    a->perform();
    return 0;
}

2.思维导图