使用k8s部署es和skywalking

skywalking介绍

skywalking架构

整个架构，分成上、下、左、右四部分：

• 上部分
  Agent ：负责从应用中，收集链路信息，发送给 SkyWalking OAP 服务器。目前支持 SkyWalking、Zikpin、Jaeger 等提供的 Tracing 数据信息。而我们目前采用的是，SkyWalking Agent 收集 SkyWalking Tracing 数据，传递给服务器
• 下部分
  SkyWalking OAP ：负责接收 Agent 发送的 Tracing 数据信息，然后进行分析(Analysis Core) ，存储到外部存储器( Storage )，最终提供查询( Query )功能
• 右部分
  Storage ：Tracing 数据存储。目前支持 ES、MySQL、Sharding Sphere、TiDB、H2 多种存储器。而我们目前采用的是 ES ，主要考虑是 SkyWalking 开发团队自己的生产环境采用 ES 为主
• 左部分
  SkyWalking UI ：负责提供控台，查看链路等等
  部署elasticsearch
  skywalking的持久化选择的是elasticsearch，请大家根据自己自己的情况来选择持久化的方式。

部署storageclass

我不太喜欢使用helm一键部署的方式来进行部署服务，helm的方式有点像黑盒。我喜欢使用yaml文件一个服务一个服务来部署。下面是部署的yaml 文件。

storageclass.yaml

apiVersion: storage.k8s.io/v1
kind: StorageClass
metadata:
  name: nfs-storage
  namespace: skywalking 
provisioner: fuseim.pri/ifs # or choose another name, must match deployment's env PROVISIONER_NAME'
parameters:
  archiveOnDelete: "false"
reclaimPolicy: Retain

部署nfs-provisioner

由于在k8s 1.20以上版本弃用了selfLink，我这里就不用nfs-client-provisioner镜像了，使用dyrnq/nfs-subdir-external-provisioner。

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: nfs-client-provisioner
spec:
  replicas: 1
  strategy:
    type: Recreate
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: nfs-client-provisioner
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: nfs-client-provisioner
    spec:
      serviceAccountName: nfs-client-provisioner
      containers:
        - name: nfs-client-provisioner
          image: dyrnq/nfs-subdir-external-provisioner:v4.0.2
          imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
          volumeMounts:
            - name: nfs-client-root
              mountPath: /persistentvolumes
          env:
            - name: PROVISIONER_NAME
              value: fuseim.pri/ifs
            - name: NFS_SERVER
              value: 192.168.5.166
            - name: NFS_PATH
              value: /mnt/jf/skywalking
      volumes:
        - name: nfs-client-root
          nfs:
            server: 192.168.5.166
            path: /mnt/jf/skywalking
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: nfs-client-provisioner
---
kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: nfs-client-provisioner-runner
rules:
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["persistentvolumes"]
    verbs: ["get", "list", "watch", "create", "delete"]
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["persistentvolumeclaims"]
    verbs: ["get", "list", "watch", "update"]
  - apiGroups: ["storage.k8s.io"]
    resources: ["storageclasses"]
    verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["events"]
    verbs: ["create", "update", "patch"]
---
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: run-nfs-client-provisioner
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: nfs-client-provisioner
    namespace: skywalking
roleRef:
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: nfs-client-provisioner-runner
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
---
kind: Role
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: leader-locking-nfs-client-provisioner
rules:
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["endpoints"]
    verbs: ["get", "list", "watch", "create", "update", "patch"]
---
kind: RoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: leader-locking-nfs-client-provisioner
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: nfs-client-provisioner
roleRef:
  kind: Role
  name: leader-locking-nfs-client-provisioner
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io

部署elasticsearch

由于es属于有状态的服务，我这里选择使用statefulset方式来部署
es-statefulset.yaml

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: StatefulSet
metadata:
  name: es
  namespace: skywalking
spec:
  serviceName: elasticsearch
  replicas: 3
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: elasticsearch
  template:
    metadata:
      labels: 
        app: elasticsearch
    spec:
      imagePullSecrets:
        - name: harborsecret
      initContainers:
      - name: increase-vm-max-map
        image: busybox:latest
        command: ["sysctl", "-w", "vm.max_map_count=262144"]
        securityContext:
          privileged: true
      - name: increase-fd-ulimit
        image: busybox:latest
        command: ["sh", "-c", "ulimit -n 65536"]
        securityContext:
          privileged: true
      containers:
      - name: elasticsearch
        image: elasticsearch:7.17.14
        ports:
        - name: rest
          containerPort: 9200
        - name: inter
          containerPort: 9300
        resources:
          limits:
            cpu: 1000m
          requests:
            cpu: 1000m
        volumeMounts:
        - name: data
          mountPath: /usr/share/elasticsearch/data
        env:
        - name: cluster.name
          value: k8s-logs
        - name: node.name
          valueFrom:
            fieldRef:
              fieldPath: metadata.name
        - name: cluster.initial_master_nodes
          value: "es-0,es-1,es-2"
        - name: discovery.seed_hosts
          value: "elasticsearch"
        - name: ES_JAVA_OPTS
          value: "-Xms512m -Xmx512m"
        - name: network.host
          value: "0.0.0.0"
  volumeClaimTemplates:
  - metadata:
      name: data
      labels:
        app: elasticsearch
    spec:
      accessModes: [ "ReadWriteOnce" ]
      storageClassName: nfs-storage
      resources:
        requests:
          storage: 300Gi 
          
service.yaml
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: elasticsearch
  namespace: skywalking
  labels:
    app: elasticsearch
spec:
  selector:
    app: elasticsearch
  clusterIP: None
  ports:
    - port: 9200
      name: rest
    - port: 9300
      name: inter-node
---
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: elasticsearch-client
  namespace: skywalking
  labels:
    app: elasticsearch
spec:
  selector:
    app: elasticsearch
  ports:
    - port: 9200
      name: rest
    - port: 9300
      name: inter-node

部署完es以后，通过访问IP:9200进行访问。测试es是否部署成功。
在浏览器访问出现如下界面，证书部署成功：

部署skywalking

部署RBAC

RBAC.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  labels:
    app: skywalking
  name: skywalking-oap
  namespace: skywalking
---
kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: skywalking
  namespace: skywalking  
  labels:
    app: skywalking
rules:
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["pods", "endpoints", "services", "nodes"]
    verbs: ["get", "watch", "list"]
  - apiGroups: ["extensions"]
    resources: ["deployments", "replicasets"]
    verbs: ["get", "watch", "list"]
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: skywalking
  namespace: skywalking  
  labels:
    app: skywalking
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: skywalking
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: skywalking-oap
    namespace: skywalking

部署数据初始化Job

apiVersion: batch/v1
kind: Job
metadata:
  name: "skywalking-es-init"
  namespace: skywalking  
  labels:
    app: skywalking-job
spec:
  template:
    metadata:
      name: "skywalking-es-init"
      labels:
        app: skywalking-job
    spec:
      serviceAccountName: skywalking-oap
      restartPolicy: Never
      initContainers:
      - name: wait-for-elasticsearch
        image: busybox:1.30
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        command: ['sh', '-c', 'for i in $(seq 1 60); do nc -z -w3 elasticsearch 9200 && exit 0 || sleep 5; done; exit 1']
      containers:
      - name: oap
        image: skywalking.docker.scarf.sh/apache/skywalking-oap-server:8.9.0
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        env:
        - name: JAVA_OPTS
          value: "-Xmx2g -Xms2g -Dmode=init"
        - name: SW_STORAGE
          value: elasticsearch
        - name: SW_STORAGE_ES_CLUSTER_NODES
          value: "elasticsearch:9200"
        volumeMounts:
      volumes:

部署OAP

oap.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: oap-svc
  namespace: skywalking  
  labels:
    app: oap
spec:
  type: ClusterIP
  ports:
  - port: 11800
    name: grpc
  - port: 12800
    name: rest
  selector:
    app: oap
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  labels:
    app: oap
  name: oap
  namespace: skywalking  
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: oap
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: oap
    spec:
      serviceAccountName: skywalking-oap
      affinity:
        podAntiAffinity:
          preferredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
          - weight: 1
            podAffinityTerm:
              topologyKey: kubernetes.io/hostname
              labelSelector:
                matchLabels:
                  app: "skywalking"
      initContainers:
      - name: wait-for-elasticsearch
        image: busybox:1.30
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        command: ['sh', '-c', 'for i in $(seq 1 60); do nc -z -w3 elasticsearch 9200 && exit 0 || sleep 5; done; exit 1']
      containers:
      - name: oap
        image: skywalking.docker.scarf.sh/apache/skywalking-oap-server:8.9.0
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        livenessProbe:
          tcpSocket:
            port: 12800
          initialDelaySeconds: 15
          periodSeconds: 20
        readinessProbe:
          tcpSocket:
            port: 12800
          initialDelaySeconds: 15
          periodSeconds: 20
        ports:
        - containerPort: 11800
          name: grpc
        - containerPort: 12800
          name: rest
        env:
        - name: JAVA_OPTS
          value: "-Dmode=no-init -Xmx2g -Xms2g"
        - name: SW_CLUSTER
          value: kubernetes
        - name: SW_CLUSTER_K8S_NAMESPACE
          value: "skywalking"
        - name: SW_CLUSTER_K8S_LABEL
          value: "app=skywalking,release=skywalking,component=oap"
        # 记录数据
        - name: SW_CORE_RECORD_DATA_TTL
          value: "2"
        # Metrics数据  
        - name: SW_CORE_METRICS_DATA_TTL
          value: "2"
        - name: SKYWALKING_COLLECTOR_UID
          valueFrom:
            fieldRef:
              fieldPath: metadata.uid
        - name: SW_STORAGE
          value: elasticsearch
        - name: SW_STORAGE_ES_CLUSTER_NODES
          value: "elasticsearch:9200"

部署UI

skywalking的UI界面
ui.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  labels:
    app: ui
  name: ui-svc
  namespace: skywalking  
spec:
  type: ClusterIP
  ports:
    - port: 80
      targetPort: 8080
      protocol: TCP
  selector:
    app: ui
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: ui
  namespace: skywalking  
  labels:
    app: ui
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
        app: ui
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: ui
    spec:
      affinity:
      containers:
      - name: ui
        image: skywalking.docker.scarf.sh/apache/skywalking-ui:8.9.0
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        ports:
        - containerPort: 8080
          name: page
        env:
        - name: SW_OAP_ADDRESS
          value: http://elasticsearch:12800  #根据oap的svc一致

查看服务

测试部署项目接入agent

编写entrypoint.sh

在jvm启动参数中添加skywalking相关的启动参数

java -javaagent:/skywalking-agent/skywalking-agent.jar \
-Dskywalking.agent.service_name=${appName} \
-Dskywalking.collector.backend_service=skywalking的service名称:11800 

添加java的agent

根据你后端语言选择不同的agent进行下载，下载地址，我这边使用的是java agent

下载java-agnet

可以选择将agent下载到指定的服务器

wget https://archive.apache.org/dist/skywalking/java-agent/8.10.0/apache-skywalking-java-agent-8.10.0.tgz
tar xf apache-skywalking-java-agent-8.10.0.tgz 
ls
apache-skywalking-java-agent-8.10.0.tgz  skywalking-agent

我这直接将java的agent添加到dockerfile中。

# 添加以下指令将SkyWalking Agent文件拷贝到容器内
ADD https://archive.apache.org/dist/skywalking/java-agent/8.10.0/apache-skywalking-java-agent-8.10.0.tgz $PROJECT_ROOT/conf/skywalking-agent.tgz
# 解压Agent文件
RUN tar -xzf $PROJECT_ROOT/conf/skywalking-agent.tgz -C $PROJECT_ROOT/conf/

调用链忽略（取消跟踪）

cd skywalking-agent
cp optional-plugins/apm-trace-ignore-plugin-8.10.0.jar plugins/
vim config/apm-trace-ignore-plugin.config 
#添加下面这段
trace.ignore_path=${SW_AGENT_TRACE_IGNORE_PATH:GET:/actuator/**,Redisson/**,Mysql/**,HikariCP/**,Lettuce/**,/xxl-job/**,UndertowDispatch/**}

将服务部署到k8s集群上

根据自己对应的服务进行编写yaml文件

验证

部署完自己的微服务以后，就可以进行验证了，登录到swkwalking的UI界面，查看是否有自己部署的服务。