前言
-
最近在开发中需要根据经纬度获取当前位置信息,传递给后端,用来回显显示当前位置
-
查阅uni-app文档,发现uni.getLocation () 可以获取到经纬度,但是在小程序环境没有地址信息
-
思考怎么把经纬度换成地址,如果经纬度是key,那地址就是value,第三方地图就是数据库
-
所以我们只要使用uni.getLocation ()获取经纬度配合地图api就可以解决这个需求
报错情况-对应解决办法
报错一:没有在用户隐私指引中获取当前位置权限
报错二:"errMsg": "getLocation:fail fail:require permission desc"
解决方案:在manifest.json-微信小程序配置-位置接口打勾-填写用途
或者直接源码视图-小程序直接配置如下代码
"permission" : {
"scope.userLocation" : {
"desc" : "真实用途"
}
}
报错三:ferrMsg: "getlocation;fail the api heed to be declared in the requiredprivateInfosfield in app.json/ext.json"
解决方案:小程序源码视图添加如下代码
"requiredPrivateInfos" : [ "getLocation" ],
总结:
-
报错一是因为微信小程序官方最近必须对相应api进行权限申请,询问用户。
-
报错二是询问用户是否愿意获取当前位置信息
-
报错三是用户同意之后,使用相关8个地理位置相关接口时,需要声明该字段,否则将无法正常使用
-
一般用户隐私指引没问题,报错二三使用勾选方式,就会在源码视图帮我们生成对应代码,不会有问题
uni.getLocation ()为什么获取不到位置信息
-
官方文档说的很清楚,只用在APP环境下,这个api才会有位置信息,小程序环境只有经纬度
为什么使用腾讯地图配合uni.getLocation ()来实现
-
因为uni-app提供的官方地图就是腾讯地图
-
并且uni.getLocation ()的type='gcz02'时经纬度在腾讯地图可以直接使用
-
并不是只能用腾讯地图,而是只是获取一个位置信息,这样使用更方便省去很多麻烦
代码实现
1.在腾讯地图注册账号,获取key,下载SDK参考文章:uni-app 小程序使用腾讯地图完成搜索功能
高德地图原生SDK:微信小程序JavaScript SDK | 腾讯位置服务
SDK可以随便下一个
2.在uni-app/utils/建立tenxun文件夹/下面放我们下载sdk文件( qqmap-wx-jssdk.js)代码如下
/**
* 微信小程序JavaScriptSDK
*
* @version 1.1
* @date 2019-01-20
*/
var ERROR_CONF = {
KEY_ERR: 311,
KEY_ERR_MSG: 'key格式错误',
PARAM_ERR: 310,
PARAM_ERR_MSG: '请求参数信息有误',
SYSTEM_ERR: 600,
SYSTEM_ERR_MSG: '系统错误',
WX_ERR_CODE: 1000,
WX_OK_CODE: 200
};
var BASE_URL = 'https://apis.map.qq.com/ws/';
var URL_SEARCH = BASE_URL + 'place/v1/search';
var URL_SUGGESTION = BASE_URL + 'place/v1/suggestion';
var URL_GET_GEOCODER = BASE_URL + 'geocoder/v1/';
var URL_CITY_LIST = BASE_URL + 'district/v1/list';
var URL_AREA_LIST = BASE_URL + 'district/v1/getchildren';
var URL_DISTANCE = BASE_URL + 'distance/v1/';
var EARTH_RADIUS = 6378136.49;
var Utils = {
/**
* 得到终点query字符串
* @param {Array|String} 检索数据
*/
location2query(data) {
if (typeof data == 'string') {
return data;
}
var query = '';
for (var i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
var d = data[i];
if (!!query) {
query += ';';
}
if (d.location) {
query = query + d.location.lat + ',' + d.location.lng;
}
if (d.latitude && d.longitude) {
query = query + d.latitude + ',' + d.longitude;
}
}
return query;
},
/**
* 计算角度
*/
rad(d) {
return d * Math.PI / 180.0;
},
/**
* 处理终点location数组
* @return 返回终点数组
*/
getEndLocation(location){
var to = location.split(';');
var endLocation = [];
for (var i = 0; i < to.length; i++) {
endLocation.push({
lat: parseFloat(to[i].split(',')[0]),
lng: parseFloat(to[i].split(',')[1])
})
}
return endLocation;
},
/**
* 计算两点间直线距离
* @param a 表示纬度差
* @param b 表示经度差
* @return 返回的是距离,单位m
*/
getDistance(latFrom, lngFrom, latTo, lngTo) {
var radLatFrom = this.rad(latFrom);
var radLatTo = this.rad(latTo);
var a = radLatFrom - radLatTo;
var b = this.rad(lngFrom) - this.rad(lngTo);
var distance = 2 * Math.asin(Math.sqrt(Math.pow(Math.sin(a / 2), 2) + Math.cos(radLatFrom) * Math.cos(radLatTo) * Math.pow(Math.sin(b / 2), 2)));
distance = distance * EARTH_RADIUS;
distance = Math.round(distance * 10000) / 10000;
return parseFloat(distance.toFixed(0));
},
/**
* 使用微信接口进行定位
*/
getWXLocation(success, fail, complete) {
wx.getLocation({
type: 'gcj02',
success: success,
fail: fail,
complete: complete
});
},
/**
* 获取location参数
*/
getLocationParam(location) {
if (typeof location == 'string') {
var locationArr = location.split(',');
if (locationArr.length === 2) {
location = {
latitude: location.split(',')[0],
longitude: location.split(',')[1]
};
} else {
location = {};
}
}
return location;
},
/**
* 回调函数默认处理
*/
polyfillParam(param) {
param.success = param.success || function () { };
param.fail = param.fail || function () { };
param.complete = param.complete || function () { };
},
/**
* 验证param对应的key值是否为空
*
* @param {Object} param 接口参数
* @param {String} key 对应参数的key
*/
checkParamKeyEmpty(param, key) {
if (!param[key]) {
var errconf = this.buildErrorConfig(ERROR_CONF.PARAM_ERR, ERROR_CONF.PARAM_ERR_MSG + key +'参数格式有误');
param.fail(errconf);
param.complete(errconf);
return true;
}
return false;
},
/**
* 验证参数中是否存在检索词keyword
*
* @param {Object} param 接口参数
*/
checkKeyword(param){
return !this.checkParamKeyEmpty(param, 'keyword');
},
/**
* 验证location值
*
* @param {Object} param 接口参数
*/
checkLocation(param) {
var location = this.getLocationParam(param.location);
if (!location || !location.latitude || !location.longitude) {
var errconf = this.buildErrorConfig(ERROR_CONF.PARAM_ERR, ERROR_CONF.PARAM_ERR_MSG + ' location参数格式有误');
param.fail(errconf);
param.complete(errconf);
return false;
}
return true;
},
/**
* 构造错误数据结构
* @param {Number} errCode 错误码
* @param {Number} errMsg 错误描述
*/
buildErrorConfig(errCode, errMsg) {
return {
status: errCode,
message: errMsg
};
},
/**
*
* 数据处理函数
* 根据传入参数不同处理不同数据
* @param {String} feature 功能名称
* search 地点搜索
* suggest关键词提示
* reverseGeocoder逆地址解析
* geocoder地址解析
* getCityList获取城市列表:父集
* getDistrictByCityId获取区县列表:子集
* calculateDistance距离计算
* @param {Object} param 接口参数
* @param {Object} data 数据
*/
handleData(param,data,feature){
if (feature === 'search') {
var searchResult = data.data;
var searchSimplify = [];
for (var i = 0; i < searchResult.length; i++) {
searchSimplify.push({
id: searchResult[i].id || null,
title: searchResult[i].title || null,
latitude: searchResult[i].location && searchResult[i].location.lat || null,
longitude: searchResult[i].location && searchResult[i].location.lng || null,
address: searchResult[i].address || null,
category: searchResult[i].category || null,
tel: searchResult[i].tel || null,
adcode: searchResult[i].ad_info && searchResult[i].ad_info.adcode || null,
city: searchResult[i].ad_info && searchResult[i].ad_info.city || null,
district: searchResult[i].ad_info && searchResult[i].ad_info.district || null,
province: searchResult[i].ad_info && searchResult[i].ad_info.province || null
})
}
param.success(data, {
searchResult: searchResult,
searchSimplify: searchSimplify
})
} else if (feature === 'suggest') {
var suggestResult = data.data;
var suggestSimplify = [];
for (var i = 0; i < suggestResult.length; i++) {
suggestSimplify.push({
adcode: suggestResult[i].adcode || null,
address: suggestResult[i].address || null,
category: suggestResult[i].category || null,
city: suggestResult[i].city || null,
district: suggestResult[i].district || null,
id: suggestResult[i].id || null,
latitude: suggestResult[i].location && suggestResult[i].location.lat || null,
longitude: suggestResult[i].location && suggestResult[i].location.lng || null,
province: suggestResult[i].province || null,
title: suggestResult[i].title || null,
type: suggestResult[i].type || null
})
}
param.success(data, {
suggestResult: suggestResult,
suggestSimplify: suggestSimplify
})
} else if (feature === 'reverseGeocoder') {
var reverseGeocoderResult = data.result;
var reverseGeocoderSimplify = {
address: reverseGeocoderResult.address || null,
latitude: reverseGeocoderResult.location && reverseGeocoderResult.location.lat || null,
longitude: reverseGeocoderResult.location && reverseGeocoderResult.location.lng || null,
adcode: reverseGeocoderResult.ad_info && reverseGeocoderResult.ad_info.adcode || null,
city: reverseGeocoderResult.address_component && reverseGeocoderResult.address_component.city || null,
district: reverseGeocoderResult.address_component && reverseGeocoderResult.address_component.district || null,
nation: reverseGeocoderResult.address_component && reverseGeocoderResult.address_component.nation || null,
province: reverseGeocoderResult.address_component && reverseGeocoderResult.address_component.province || null,
street: reverseGeocoderResult.address_component && reverseGeocoderResult.address_component.street || null,
street_number: reverseGeocoderResult.address_component && reverseGeocoderResult.address_component.street_number || null,
recommend: reverseGeocoderResult.formatted_addresses && reverseGeocoderResult.formatted_addresses.recommend || null,
rough: reverseGeocoderResult.formatted_addresses && reverseGeocoderResult.formatted_addresses.rough || null
};
if (reverseGeocoderResult.pois) {//判断是否返回周边poi
var pois = reverseGeocoderResult.pois;
var poisSimplify = [];
for (var i = 0;i < pois.length;i++) {
poisSimplify.push({
id: pois[i].id || null,
title: pois[i].title || null,
latitude: pois[i].location && pois[i].location.lat || null,
longitude: pois[i].location && pois[i].location.lng || null,
address: pois[i].address || null,
category: pois[i].category || null,
adcode: pois[i].ad_info && pois[i].ad_info.adcode || null,
city: pois[i].ad_info && pois[i].ad_info.city || null,
district: pois[i].ad_info && pois[i].ad_info.district || null,
province: pois[i].ad_info && pois[i].ad_info.province || null
})
}
param.success(data,{
reverseGeocoderResult: reverseGeocoderResult,
reverseGeocoderSimplify: reverseGeocoderSimplify,
pois: pois,
poisSimplify: poisSimplify
})
} else {
param.success(data, {
reverseGeocoderResult: reverseGeocoderResult,
reverseGeocoderSimplify: reverseGeocoderSimplify
})
}
} else if (feature === 'geocoder') {
var geocoderResult = data.result;
var geocoderSimplify = {
title: geocoderResult.title || null,
latitude: geocoderResult.location && geocoderResult.location.lat || null,
longitude: geocoderResult.location && geocoderResult.location.lng || null,
adcode: geocoderResult.ad_info && geocoderResult.ad_info.adcode || null,
province: geocoderResult.address_components && geocoderResult.address_components.province || null,
city: geocoderResult.address_components && geocoderResult.address_components.city || null,
district: geocoderResult.address_components && geocoderResult.address_components.district || null,
street: geocoderResult.address_components && geocoderResult.address_components.street || null,
street_number: geocoderResult.address_components && geocoderResult.address_components.street_number || null,
level: geocoderResult.level || null
};
param.success(data,{
geocoderResult: geocoderResult,
geocoderSimplify: geocoderSimplify
});
} else if (feature === 'getCityList') {
var provinceResult = data.result[0];
var cityResult = data.result[1];
var districtResult = data.result[2];
param.success(data,{
provinceResult: provinceResult,
cityResult: cityResult,
districtResult: districtResult
});
} else if (feature === 'getDistrictByCityId') {
var districtByCity = data.result[0];
param.success(data, districtByCity);
} else if (feature === 'calculateDistance') {
var calculateDistanceResult = data.result.elements;
var distance = [];
for (var i = 0; i < calculateDistanceResult.length; i++){
distance.push(calculateDistanceResult[i].distance);
}
param.success(data, {
calculateDistanceResult: calculateDistanceResult,
distance: distance
});
} else {
param.success(data);
}
},
/**
* 构造微信请求参数,公共属性处理
*
* @param {Object} param 接口参数
* @param {Object} param 配置项
* @param {String} feature 方法名
*/
buildWxRequestConfig(param, options, feature) {
var that = this;
options.header = { "content-type": "application/json" };
options.method = 'GET';
options.success = function (res) {
var data = res.data;
if (data.status === 0) {
that.handleData(param, data, feature);
} else {
param.fail(data);
}
};
options.fail = function (res) {
res.statusCode = ERROR_CONF.WX_ERR_CODE;
param.fail(that.buildErrorConfig(ERROR_CONF.WX_ERR_CODE, res.errMsg));
};
options.complete = function (res) {
var statusCode = +res.statusCode;
switch(statusCode) {
case ERROR_CONF.WX_ERR_CODE: {
param.complete(that.buildErrorConfig(ERROR_CONF.WX_ERR_CODE, res.errMsg));
break;
}
case ERROR_CONF.WX_OK_CODE: {
var data = res.data;
if (data.status === 0) {
param.complete(data);
} else {
param.complete(that.buildErrorConfig(data.status, data.message));
}
break;
}
default:{
param.complete(that.buildErrorConfig(ERROR_CONF.SYSTEM_ERR, ERROR_CONF.SYSTEM_ERR_MSG));
}
}
};
return options;
},
/**
* 处理用户参数是否传入坐标进行不同的处理
*/
locationProcess(param, locationsuccess, locationfail, locationcomplete) {
var that = this;
locationfail = locationfail || function (res) {
res.statusCode = ERROR_CONF.WX_ERR_CODE;
param.fail(that.buildErrorConfig(ERROR_CONF.WX_ERR_CODE, res.errMsg));
};
locationcomplete = locationcomplete || function (res) {
if (res.statusCode == ERROR_CONF.WX_ERR_CODE) {
param.complete(that.buildErrorConfig(ERROR_CONF.WX_ERR_CODE, res.errMsg));
}
};
if (!param.location) {
that.getWXLocation(locationsuccess, locationfail, locationcomplete);
} else if (that.checkLocation(param)) {
var location = Utils.getLocationParam(param.location);
locationsuccess(location);
}
}
};
class QQMapWX {
/**
* 构造函数
*
* @param {Object} options 接口参数,key 为必选参数
*/
constructor(options) {
if (!options.key) {
throw Error('key值不能为空');
}
this.key = options.key;
};
/**
* POI周边检索
*
* @param {Object} options 接口参数对象
*
* 参数对象结构可以参考
* @see http://lbs.qq.com/webservice_v1/guide-search.html
*/
search(options) {
var that = this;
options = options || {};
Utils.polyfillParam(options);
if (!Utils.checkKeyword(options)) {
return;
}
var requestParam = {
keyword: options.keyword,
orderby: options.orderby || '_distance',
page_size: options.page_size || 10,
page_index: options.page_index || 1,
output: 'json',
key: that.key
};
if (options.address_format) {
requestParam.address_format = options.address_format;
}
if (options.filter) {
requestParam.filter = options.filter;
}
var distance = options.distance || "1000";
var auto_extend = options.auto_extend || 1;
var region = null;
var rectangle = null;
//判断城市限定参数
if (options.region) {
region = options.region;
}
//矩形限定坐标(暂时只支持字符串格式)
if (options.rectangle) {
rectangle = options.rectangle;
}
var locationsuccess = function (result) {
if (region && !rectangle) {
//城市限定参数拼接
requestParam.boundary = "region(" + region + "," + auto_extend + "," + result.latitude + "," + result.longitude + ")";
} else if (rectangle && !region) {
//矩形搜索
requestParam.boundary = "rectangle(" + rectangle + ")";
} else {
requestParam.boundary = "nearby(" + result.latitude + "," + result.longitude + "," + distance + "," + auto_extend + ")";
}
wx.request(Utils.buildWxRequestConfig(options, {
url: URL_SEARCH,
data: requestParam
}, 'search'));
};
Utils.locationProcess(options, locationsuccess);
};
/**
* sug模糊检索
*
* @param {Object} options 接口参数对象
*
* 参数对象结构可以参考
* http://lbs.qq.com/webservice_v1/guide-suggestion.html
*/
getSuggestion(options) {
var that = this;
options = options || {};
Utils.polyfillParam(options);
if (!Utils.checkKeyword(options)) {
return;
}
var requestParam = {
keyword: options.keyword,
region: options.region || '全国',
region_fix: options.region_fix || 0,
policy: options.policy || 0,
page_size: options.page_size || 10,//控制显示条数
page_index: options.page_index || 1,//控制页数
get_subpois : options.get_subpois || 0,//返回子地点
output: 'json',
key: that.key
};
//长地址
if (options.address_format) {
requestParam.address_format = options.address_format;
}
//过滤
if (options.filter) {
requestParam.filter = options.filter;
}
//排序
if (options.location) {
var locationsuccess = function (result) {
requestParam.location = result.latitude + ',' + result.longitude;
wx.request(Utils.buildWxRequestConfig(options, {
url: URL_SUGGESTION,
data: requestParam
}, "suggest"));
};
Utils.locationProcess(options, locationsuccess);
} else {
wx.request(Utils.buildWxRequestConfig(options, {
url: URL_SUGGESTION,
data: requestParam
}, "suggest"));
}
};
/**
* 逆地址解析
*
* @param {Object} options 接口参数对象
*
* 请求参数结构可以参考
* http://lbs.qq.com/webservice_v1/guide-gcoder.html
*/
reverseGeocoder(options) {
var that = this;
options = options || {};
Utils.polyfillParam(options);
var requestParam = {
coord_type: options.coord_type || 5,
get_poi: options.get_poi || 0,
output: 'json',
key: that.key
};
if (options.poi_options) {
requestParam.poi_options = options.poi_options
}
var locationsuccess = function (result) {
requestParam.location = result.latitude + ',' + result.longitude;
wx.request(Utils.buildWxRequestConfig(options, {
url: URL_GET_GEOCODER,
data: requestParam
}, 'reverseGeocoder'));
};
Utils.locationProcess(options, locationsuccess);
};
/**
* 地址解析
*
* @param {Object} options 接口参数对象
*
* 请求参数结构可以参考
* http://lbs.qq.com/webservice_v1/guide-geocoder.html
*/
geocoder(options) {
var that = this;
options = options || {};
Utils.polyfillParam(options);
if (Utils.checkParamKeyEmpty(options, 'address')) {
return;
}
var requestParam = {
address: options.address,
output: 'json',
key: that.key
};
//城市限定
if (options.region) {
requestParam.region = options.region;
}
wx.request(Utils.buildWxRequestConfig(options, {
url: URL_GET_GEOCODER,
data: requestParam
},'geocoder'));
};
/**
* 获取城市列表
*
* @param {Object} options 接口参数对象
*
* 请求参数结构可以参考
* http://lbs.qq.com/webservice_v1/guide-region.html
*/
getCityList(options) {
var that = this;
options = options || {};
Utils.polyfillParam(options);
var requestParam = {
output: 'json',
key: that.key
};
wx.request(Utils.buildWxRequestConfig(options, {
url: URL_CITY_LIST,
data: requestParam
},'getCityList'));
};
/**
* 获取对应城市ID的区县列表
*
* @param {Object} options 接口参数对象
*
* 请求参数结构可以参考
* http://lbs.qq.com/webservice_v1/guide-region.html
*/
getDistrictByCityId(options) {
var that = this;
options = options || {};
Utils.polyfillParam(options);
if (Utils.checkParamKeyEmpty(options, 'id')) {
return;
}
var requestParam = {
id: options.id || '',
output: 'json',
key: that.key
};
wx.request(Utils.buildWxRequestConfig(options, {
url: URL_AREA_LIST,
data: requestParam
},'getDistrictByCityId'));
};
/**
* 用于单起点到多终点的路线距离(非直线距离)计算:
* 支持两种距离计算方式:步行和驾车。
* 起点到终点最大限制直线距离10公里。
*
* 新增直线距离计算。
*
* @param {Object} options 接口参数对象
*
* 请求参数结构可以参考
* http://lbs.qq.com/webservice_v1/guide-distance.html
*/
calculateDistance(options) {
var that = this;
options = options || {};
Utils.polyfillParam(options);
if (Utils.checkParamKeyEmpty(options, 'to')) {
return;
}
var requestParam = {
mode: options.mode || 'walking',
to: Utils.location2query(options.to),
output: 'json',
key: that.key
};
if (options.from) {
options.location = options.from;
}
//计算直线距离
if(requestParam.mode == 'straight'){
var locationsuccess = function (result) {
var locationTo = Utils.getEndLocation(requestParam.to);//处理终点坐标
var data = {
message:"query ok",
result:{
elements:[]
},
status:0
};
for (var i = 0; i < locationTo.length; i++) {
data.result.elements.push({//将坐标存入
distance: Utils.getDistance(result.latitude, result.longitude, locationTo[i].lat, locationTo[i].lng),
duration:0,
from:{
lat: result.latitude,
lng:result.longitude
},
to:{
lat: locationTo[i].lat,
lng: locationTo[i].lng
}
});
}
var calculateResult = data.result.elements;
var distanceResult = [];
for (var i = 0; i < calculateResult.length; i++) {
distanceResult.push(calculateResult[i].distance);
}
return options.success(data,{
calculateResult: calculateResult,
distanceResult: distanceResult
});
};
Utils.locationProcess(options, locationsuccess);
} else {
var locationsuccess = function (result) {
requestParam.from = result.latitude + ',' + result.longitude;
wx.request(Utils.buildWxRequestConfig(options, {
url: URL_DISTANCE,
data: requestParam
},'calculateDistance'));
};
Utils.locationProcess(options, locationsuccess);
}
}
};
module.exports = QQMapWX;
3.在需要获取位置信息页面引入使用
3.1引入文件sdk
import QQMapWX from "@/utils/tenxun/qqmap-wx-jssdk.js"
3.2 获取位置信息方法-复制要填写key,里面有各种信息,根据需求看打印信息
// 获取位置信息
async getLocationInfo() {
//获取位置信息
return new Promise((resolve) => {
//位置信息默认数据
let location = {
longitude: 0,
latitude: 0,
province: "",
city: "",
area: "",
street: "",
address: "",
};
// 获取经纬度(gcjo2)腾讯地图可直接使用
uni.getLocation({
type: "gcj02",
success(res) {
location.longitude = res.longitude;
location.latitude = res.latitude;
// 腾讯地图Api
const qqmapsdk = new QQMapWX({
key: '' //这里填写自己申请的key
});
// 使用腾讯地图api
qqmapsdk.reverseGeocoder({
location,
success(response) {
let info = response.result;
// 注意查看打印信息
console.log('获取位置信息',info);
location.province = info.address_component.province;
location.city = info.address_component.city;
location.area = info.address_component.district;
location.street = info.address_component.street;
location.address = info.address;
// 详细地址
location.recommend = info.formatted_addresses.recommend
location.rough = info.formatted_addresses.rough
// 我使用这里面地址
location.standard_address = info.formatted_addresses
.standard_address
resolve(location);
},
});
},
fail(err) {
console.log(err)
},
});
});
},
3.3使用该方法获取地址
// 获取当前地址
const location = await this.getLocationInfo();
console.log('获取地址', location);
4.测试效果
-
使用微信开发者工具测试时会出现定位不准-正常,会弹起授权框询问用户是否愿意获取位置信息
-
使用真机测试,或者体验版测试位置就准了,根据自己需求看打印获取信息,自己组装
总结:
经过这一趟流程下来相信你也对 uni-app 使用uni.getLocation获取经纬度配合腾讯地图api获取当前地址 有了初步的深刻印象,但在实际开发中我 们遇到的情况肯定是不一样的,所以我们要理解它的原理,万变不离其宗。加油,打工人!
有什么不足的地方请大家指出谢谢 -- 風过无痕