一.Docker0 网络
1.多个容器之间如何通信,是否可以直接连接
默认启动的所有容器都会加入到docker0这个网络中,所有各个容器件是可以直接通信的
先看看网卡信息:
启动几个容器来演示一下:
#启动mycentos这个容器
[root@localhost zph]# docker run -it -d --name mycentos d757f6342cfa /bin/bash
7845d3930d4a6ee995f11c33e9dae2b688032b2d5c6a655148104ab4f33cd2c5
[root@localhost zph]#
[root@localhost zph]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
7845d3930d4a d757f6342cfa "/bin/bash" 11 seconds ago Up 3 seconds mycentos
说明了每次启动一个容器时,都会增加一个网卡信息,下面来测试一下几个容之间可以相互通信不?
分别查看 3 块网卡的 IP 信息
[root@localhost zph]# docker exec -it mycentos ifconfig
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 172.17.0.2 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 172.17.255.255
ether 02:42:ac:11:00:02 txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet)
RX packets 45 bytes 5710 (5.5 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)
RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
[root@localhost zph]# docker exec -it mycentos2 ifconfig
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 172.17.0.3 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 172.17.255.255
ether 02:42:ac:11:00:03 txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet)
RX packets 21 bytes 2436 (2.3 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)
RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
[root@localhost zph]# docker exec -it mycentos3 ifconfig
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 172.17.0.4 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 172.17.255.255
ether 02:42:ac:11:00:04 txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet)
RX packets 20 bytes 2366 (2.3 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)
RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
发现:
mycentos 的IP地址为:172.17.0.2
mycentos2 的IP地址为:172.17.0.3
mycentos3 的IP地址为:172.17.0.4
进入mycentos容器,ping一下mycentos2,看看两个容器是否可以通信
ping得通,说明几个容器之间可以相互通信
然后,退出容器,在主机上ping一下容器,看看是否ping通
ping得通,说明同一台主机上面的容器和主机之间是可以互相通信的
结论：默认情况同一台主机上面的容器是可以互相通信的，默认情况同一台主机上面的容器和主机之间是可以互相通信的
2.通信原理
每启动一个 Docker 容器， Docker 就会给 Docker 容器分配一个 ip ，只要安装了 Docker ，就会有一个网卡 Docker0 ， Docker0 使用的是桥接模式，使用的技术是 veth-pair 技术
#启动mycentos这个容器
[root@localhost zph]# docker run -it -d --name mycentos d757f6342cfa /bin/bash
7845d3930d4a6ee995f11c33e9dae2b688032b2d5c6a655148104ab4f33cd2c5
[root@localhost zph]#
[root@localhost zph]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
7845d3930d4a d757f6342cfa "/bin/bash" 11 seconds ago Up 3 seconds mycentos
说明了每次启动一个容器时,都会增加一个网卡信息
3.使用默认网络的问题
(1).没法使用计算机主机名实现通信
(2).没法实现网络隔离
当有几个容器:nignx, mysql等时,启动容器后,都加入了docker0网络,没法实现网络隔离
那么,该怎么处理呢,就需要进行自定义网络设置了,可以通过docker network来实现
二.Docker Network 详解
1.关于 docker network 命令
(1).docker network ls 查看当前计算机上的网络
(2).docker network inspect 查看网络详情
[root@localhost zph]# docker network ls
NETWORK ID NAME DRIVER SCOPE
2d19a8dfb493 bridge bridge local
fe75119d5a77 dockerlnmp_default bridge local
9a2fe27fdd30 dockerlnmp_server bridge local
fc03b9653496 host host local
b8b81a5aa87c none null local
[root@localhost zph]# docker network inspect 2d19a8dfb493
[
{
"Name": "bridge",
"Id": "2d19a8dfb4930b4581ec74f9b6c07878a5cb85378c6841c0ea3e0eabdc3d8bc3",
"Created": "2023-11-18T18:36:58.528816645-08:00",
"Scope": "local",
"Driver": "bridge",
"EnableIPv6": false,
"IPAM": {
"Driver": "default",
"Options": null,
"Config": [
{
"Subnet": "172.17.0.0/16",
"Gateway": "172.17.0.1"
}
]
},
"Internal": false,
"Attachable": false,
"Ingress": false,
"ConfigFrom": {
"Network": ""
},
"ConfigOnly": false,
"Containers": {
"005f0e3b21e468d2526f4b444b82b9459599d64db465cf029cc7b1794351cd64": {
"Name": "mycentos2",
"EndpointID": "e1935af85b74f19cd8d6b078c1535b09d6e509ff28da355b5473ca116643c8b2",
"MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:03",
"IPv4Address": "172.17.0.3/16",
"IPv6Address": ""
},
"7845d3930d4a6ee995f11c33e9dae2b688032b2d5c6a655148104ab4f33cd2c5": {
"Name": "mycentos",
"EndpointID": "7be4ae43f9e0881e63e58878d56507ad9235eb542212acf2874e35aa698e4d63",
"MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02",
"IPv4Address": "172.17.0.2/16",
"IPv6Address": ""
},
"8f7731eea4d11d1829a1d963ba539bcab876a085bad442014a9727c519a455f2": {
"Name": "mycentos3",
"EndpointID": "25fc5c8d55d4ec52b786f78ddbbfc66551c372e6043466f04c98b14c1f695e6e",
"MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:04",
"IPv4Address": "172.17.0.4/16",
"IPv6Address": ""
}
},
"Options": {
"com.docker.network.bridge.default_bridge": "true",
"com.docker.network.bridge.enable_icc": "true",
"com.docker.network.bridge.enable_ip_masquerade": "true",
"com.docker.network.bridge.host_binding_ipv4": "0.0.0.0",
"com.docker.network.bridge.name": "docker0",
"com.docker.network.driver.mtu": "1500"
},
"Labels": {}
}
]
(3).docker network rm 删除网络
#查看网络
[root@localhost zph]# docker network ls
NETWORK ID NAME DRIVER SCOPE
2d19a8dfb493 bridge bridge local
fe75119d5a77 dockerlnmp_default bridge local
9a2fe27fdd30 dockerlnmp_server bridge local
fc03b9653496 host host local
f336219e4dbb mysql bridge local
#删除网络
[root@localhost zph]# docker network rm mysql
mysql
#查看是否已删除
[root@localhost zph]# docker network ls
NETWORK ID NAME DRIVER SCOPE
2d19a8dfb493 bridge bridge local
fe75119d5a77 dockerlnmp_default bridge local
9a2fe27fdd30 dockerlnmp_server bridge local
fc03b9653496 host host local
(4).docker network create 创建网络以及启动容器指定网络
通过docker network create 创建网络以及启动容器指定网络(可以创建网络的类型),这样当启动容器后就可以把容器加入到自己的网络了,这样就可以解决上面使用默认网络的问题:
- 没法实现网络隔离
- 没法使用计算机主机名实现通信
网络的类型分类如下
|
Docker
网络模式
|
配置
|
说明
|
|
host
模式
|
--net=host
|
容器和宿主机共享
Network namespace,使用同一个ip
|
|
container
模式
|
--net=container:NAME
or
ID
|
容器和另外一个容器共享
Network namespace,
kubernetes
中的
pod
就是多个容器共享一个
Network namespace
|
|
none
模式
|
--net=none
|
容器有独立的
Network namespace
，但并没有对其进行任何网
络设置
，如分配 evth pair
和网桥连
接，配置
IP
等
|
|
bridge
模式
|
--net=bridge
|
默认为该模式
|
host 模式
如果启动容器的时候使用 host 模式，那么这个容器 将不会获得一个独立的 NetworkNamespace ，而是 和宿主机共用一个 Network Namespace 。容器将不会虚拟出自己的网卡， 配置自己的 IP 等，而是 使用宿主机的 IP 和端口, 但是，容器的其他方面，如文件系统、进 程列表等还是和宿主机隔离的。 使用 host 模式的容器可以直接使用宿主机的 IP 地址与外界通信，容器内部的服务端口也可 以使用宿主机的端口，不需要进行 NAT ， host 最大的优势就是网络性能比较好，但是 docker host 上已经使用的端口就不能再用了， 网络的隔离性不好
container 模式
这个模式指定新创建的容器和 已经存在的一个容器 共享一个 Network Namespace ，而不是和宿主机共享。新创建的容器不会创建自己的网卡，配置自己的 IP ，而是和一个指定的容器共享 IP 、端口范围等。同样，两个容器除了网络方面，其他的如文件系统、进程列表等还是隔离的,两个容器的进程可以通过 lo 网卡设备通信
none 模式
使用 none 模式， Docker 容器拥有自己的 Network Namespace ，但是，并不为 Docker 容器进行任何网络配置。也就是说，这个 Docker 容器没有网卡、 IP 、路由等信息。需要自己为 Docker 容器添加网卡、配置 IP 等。 这种网络模式下容器只有 lo 回环网络，没有其他网卡。 none 模式可以在容器创建时通过 --network=none 来指定。 这种类型的网络没有办法联网 ，封闭的网络能很好的保证容器的安全性
bridge 模式
当 Docker 进程启动时，会在主机上创建一个名为 docker0 的 虚拟网桥 ，此主机上启动 Docker容器会连接到这个虚拟网桥上,虚拟网桥的工作方式和物理交换机类似，这样主机上的所有容器就通过交换机连在了一个二层网络中,从docker0 子网中 分配一个 IP 给容器使用，并设置 docker0 的 IP 地址为容器的默认网关。在主机上创建一对 虚拟网卡 veth pair 设备，Docker 将 veth pair 设备的一端放在新创建的容器中，并命名为 eth0（容器的网卡），另一端放在主机中，以 vethxxx 这样类似的名字命名，并将这个网络设备加入到 docker0 网中。可以通过 brctl show 命令查看,bridge 模式是 docker 的默认网络模式，不写--net 参数，就是 bridge 模式。使用 docker run -p时， docker 实际是在 iptables 做了 DNAT 规则，实现端口转发功能,可以使用 iptables -t nat -vnL 查看
docker network create基本语法
--driver 配置网络连接方式,一般是bridge
--gateway: 配置网关
--subnet: 配置子网,局域网的网段
建议配置子网范围的时候范围不要太大
创建一个docker1网络
--driver bridge配置网络类型 bridge 桥接--subnet 192.168.1.0/24配置子网 建议每个网络的范围尽量小--gateway 192.168.1.1配置网关
docker network create --driver bridge --subnet 192.168.1.0/24 --gateway 192.168.1.1 docker1#创建一个docker网络
[root@localhost zph]# docker network create --driver bridge --subnet 192.168.1.0/24 --gateway 192.168.1.1 docker1
c0fbaf2266c86f504d02a9324c45fb49c1909f908631d6a2cd5b1bb04dc981a8
#创建成功
[root@localhost zph]# docker network ls
NETWORK ID NAME DRIVER SCOPE
2d19a8dfb493 bridge bridge local
c0fbaf2266c8 docker1 bridge local
fe75119d5a77 dockerlnmp_default bridge local
9a2fe27fdd30 dockerlnmp_server bridge local
fc03b9653496 host host local
创建一个docker2网络
--driver bridge配置网络类型 bridge 桥接--subnet 192.168.2.0/24配置子网 建议每个网络的范围尽量小--gateway 192.168.2.1配置网关
docker network create --driver bridge --subnet 192.168.2.0/24 --gateway 192.168.2.1 docker2
#创建一个docker2网络
[root@localhost zph]# docker network create --driver bridge --subnet 192.168.2.0/24 --gateway 192.168.2.1 docker2
2d9c2d29e6d308733bf266978914a6b43cbab575a2d99d0928908bc09a6d4f40
#创建成功
[root@localhost zph]# docker network ls
NETWORK ID NAME DRIVER SCOPE
2d19a8dfb493 bridge bridge local
c0fbaf2266c8 docker1 bridge local
2d9c2d29e6d3 docker2 bridge local
fe75119d5a77 dockerlnmp_default bridge local
9a2fe27fdd30 dockerlnmp_server bridge local
fc03b9653496 host host local
可以通过docker inspect docker1/docker2 查看相关配置:
[root@localhost zph]# docker inspect docker1
[
{
"Name": "docker1",
"Id": "c0fbaf2266c86f504d02a9324c45fb49c1909f908631d6a2cd5b1bb04dc981a8",
"Created": "2023-11-20T18:19:18.375826061-08:00",
"Scope": "local",
"Driver": "bridge",
"EnableIPv6": false,
"IPAM": {
"Driver": "default",
"Options": {},
"Config": [
{
"Subnet": "192.168.1.0/24",
"Gateway": "192.168.1.1"
}
]
},
"Internal": false,
"Attachable": false,
"Ingress": false,
"ConfigFrom": {
"Network": ""
},
"ConfigOnly": false,
"Containers": {},
"Options": {},
"Labels": {}
}
]
[root@localhost zph]# docker inspect docker2
[
{
"Name": "docker2",
"Id": "2d9c2d29e6d308733bf266978914a6b43cbab575a2d99d0928908bc09a6d4f40",
"Created": "2023-11-20T18:21:29.173750083-08:00",
"Scope": "local",
"Driver": "bridge",
"EnableIPv6": false,
"IPAM": {
"Driver": "default",
"Options": {},
"Config": [
{
"Subnet": "192.168.2.0/24",
"Gateway": "192.168.2.1"
}
]
},
"Internal": false,
"Attachable": false,
"Ingress": false,
"ConfigFrom": {
"Network": ""
},
"ConfigOnly": false,
"Containers": {},
"Options": {},
"Labels": {}
}
]
(5).启动容器指定网络
启动容器的时候可以加上 --net 参数可以指定启动容器的时候使用的网络，如果不加表示默认使用 docker0 网络--net bridge 表示使用 docker0 网络
#查看目前启动的容器
[root@localhost zph]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
8f7731eea4d1 d757f6342cfa "/bin/bash" 42 hours ago Up 42 hours mycentos3
005f0e3b21e4 d757f6342cfa "/bin/bash" 42 hours ago Up 42 hours mycentos2
7845d3930d4a d757f6342cfa "/bin/bash" 42 hours ago Up 42 hours mycentos
#查看对应的镜像
[root@localhost zph]# docker images | grep d757f6342cfa
mycentos v1 d757f6342cfa 2 days ago 434MB
#启动一个容器mycentos4 ,并指定docker1为其网络
[root@localhost zph]# docker run -it -d --name mycentos4 --net docker1 d757f6342cfa /bin/bash
0ef1ea47894936e011c3efbafd5dbc49df14e5285f836a08345a48eb800349e6
#启动一个容器mycentos5,并指定docker1为其网络
[root@localhost zph]# docker run -it -d --name mycentos5 --net docker1 d757f6342cfa /bin/bash
a1a6d02bb8ba6ce5bfdc96b32e7d16d8e76ce9960656dab3a2281bf46fa86793
#启动一个容器mycentos6,并指定docker2为其网络
[root@localhost zph]# docker run -it -d --name mycentos6 --net docker2 d757f6342cfa /bin/bash
a6ed25db1e1e221eb510ad80646674d775313977360dda6070f24b320230e6fd
#启动一个容器mycentos7,并指定docker2为其网络
^[[A[root@localhost zpdocker run -it -d --name mycentos7 --net docker2 d757f6342cfa /bin/bash
63aaf78d8a855dd6700b1e7c91b206103155871b845f6de863eff6907896d5cc
#查看启动的容器列表
[root@localhost zph]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
63aaf78d8a85 d757f6342cfa "/bin/bash" 7 seconds ago Up 4 seconds mycentos7
a6ed25db1e1e d757f6342cfa "/bin/bash" 18 seconds ago Up 16 seconds mycentos6
a1a6d02bb8ba d757f6342cfa "/bin/bash" 27 seconds ago Up 24 seconds mycentos5
0ef1ea478949 d757f6342cfa "/bin/bash" About a minute ago Up About a minute mycentos4
8f7731eea4d1 d757f6342cfa "/bin/bash" 42 hours ago Up 42 hours mycentos3
005f0e3b21e4 d757f6342cfa "/bin/bash" 42 hours ago Up 42 hours mycentos2
7845d3930d4a d757f6342cfa "/bin/bash" 42 hours ago Up 42 hours mycentos
#查看容器mycentos4配置信息:发现网络在docker1中,子网范围在192.168.1.0/24范围中
[root@localhost zph]# docker inspect mycentos4
[
...
"Networks": {
"docker1": {
"IPAMConfig": null,
"Links": null,
"Aliases": [
"0ef1ea478949"
],
"NetworkID": "c0fbaf2266c86f504d02a9324c45fb49c1909f908631d6a2cd5b1bb04dc981a8",
"EndpointID": "da176af0d1630cd9ab8c0bb78e6a3974933686f66f9c334c83b0b622f0b1d3fb",
"Gateway": "192.168.1.1",
"IPAddress": "192.168.1.2",
"IPPrefixLen": 24,
"IPv6Gateway": "",
"GlobalIPv6Address": "",
"GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"MacAddress": "02:42:c0:a8:01:02",
"DriverOpts": null
}
}
}
}
]
#查看容器mycentos5配置信息:发现网络在docker1中,子网范围在192.168.1.0/24范围中
[root@localhost zph]# docker inspect mycentos5
[
...
"HostConfig": {
"Binds": null,
"ContainerIDFile": "",
"LogConfig": {
"Type": "json-file",
"Config": {}
},
"NetworkMode": "docker1",
"PortBindings": {},
.
"NetworkSettings": {
"Networks": {
"docker1": {
"IPAMConfig": null,
"Links": null,
"Aliases": [
"a1a6d02bb8ba"
],
"NetworkID": "c0fbaf2266c86f504d02a9324c45fb49c1909f908631d6a2cd5b1bb04dc981a8",
"EndpointID": "6611729f48e83c6c5b6829dd4cdb6437aca1aa0796679b9c6815769fac48a5cc",
"Gateway": "192.168.1.1",
"IPAddress": "192.168.1.3",
"IPPrefixLen": 24,
"
}
}
}
}
]
#查看容器mycentos6配置信息:发现网络在docker2中,子网范围在192.168.2.0/24范围中
[root@localhost zph]# docker inspect mycentos6
[
...
"NetworkMode": "docker2",
"PortBindings": {},
"RestartPolicy": {
"Name": "no",
"MaximumRetryCount": 0
},
"Networks": {
"docker2": {
"IPAMConfig": null,
"Links": null,
"Aliases": [
"a6ed25db1e1e"
],
"NetworkID": "2d9c2d29e6d308733bf266978914a6b43cbab575a2d99d0928908bc09a6d4f40",
"EndpointID": "7973882a048f4d78a8d3f72e93b8f8a7ee914841689f8d342116a8be9a1ffb5d",
"Gateway": "192.168.2.1",
"IPAddress": "192.168.2.2",
"IPPrefixLen": 24,
...
}
}
}
}
]
#查看容器mycentos7配置信息:发现网络在docker2中,子网范围在192.168.2.0/24范围中
[root@localhost zph]# docker inspect mycentos7
[
...
"Config": {
"NetworkSettings": {
...
"Networks": {
"docker2": {
"IPAMConfig": null,
"Links": null,
"Aliases": [
"63aaf78d8a85"
],
"NetworkID": "2d9c2d29e6d308733bf266978914a6b43cbab575a2d99d0928908bc09a6d4f40",
"EndpointID": "d980fd516be8c6260647579dcad6e5dc9376e4090b7560ab206b04a3ce3ba5a0",
"Gateway": "192.168.2.1",
"IPAddress": "192.168.2.3",
"IPPrefixLen": 24,
...
}
}
}
}
]
#查看docker1网络:发现mycentos4,mycentos5容器在网络中
[root@localhost zph]# docker inspect docker1
[
{
"Name": "docker1",
"Id": "c0fbaf2266c86f504d02a9324c45fb49c1909f908631d6a2cd5b1bb04dc981a8",
"Created": "2023-11-20T18:19:18.375826061-08:00",
"Scope": "local",
"Driver": "bridge",
"EnableIPv6": false,
"IPAM": {
"Driver": "default",
"Options": {},
"Config": [
{
"Subnet": "192.168.1.0/24",
"Gateway": "192.168.1.1"
}
]
},
...
"ConfigOnly": false,
"Containers": {
"0ef1ea47894936e011c3efbafd5dbc49df14e5285f836a08345a48eb800349e6": {
"Name": "mycentos4",
"EndpointID": "da176af0d1630cd9ab8c0bb78e6a3974933686f66f9c334c83b0b622f0b1d3fb",
"MacAddress": "02:42:c0:a8:01:02",
"IPv4Address": "192.168.1.2/24",
"IPv6Address": ""
},
"a1a6d02bb8ba6ce5bfdc96b32e7d16d8e76ce9960656dab3a2281bf46fa86793": {
"Name": "mycentos5",
"EndpointID": "6611729f48e83c6c5b6829dd4cdb6437aca1aa0796679b9c6815769fac48a5cc",
"MacAddress": "02:42:c0:a8:01:03",
"IPv4Address": "192.168.1.3/24",
"IPv6Address": ""
}
},
"Options": {},
"Labels": {}
}
]
#查看docker2网络:发现mycentos6,mycentos7容器在网络中
[root@localhost zph]# docker inspect docker2
[
{
"Name": "docker2",
"Id": "2d9c2d29e6d308733bf266978914a6b43cbab575a2d99d0928908bc09a6d4f40",
"Created": "2023-11-20T18:21:29.173750083-08:00",
"Scope": "local",
"Driver": "bridge",
"EnableIPv6": false,
"IPAM": {
"Driver": "default",
"Options": {},
"Config": [
{
"Subnet": "192.168.2.0/24",
"Gateway": "192.168.2.1"
}
]
},
...
"Containers": {
"63aaf78d8a855dd6700b1e7c91b206103155871b845f6de863eff6907896d5cc": {
"Name": "mycentos7",
"EndpointID": "d980fd516be8c6260647579dcad6e5dc9376e4090b7560ab206b04a3ce3ba5a0",
"MacAddress": "02:42:c0:a8:02:03",
"IPv4Address": "192.168.2.3/24",
"IPv6Address": ""
},
"a6ed25db1e1e221eb510ad80646674d775313977360dda6070f24b320230e6fd": {
"Name": "mycentos6",
"EndpointID": "7973882a048f4d78a8d3f72e93b8f8a7ee914841689f8d342116a8be9a1ffb5d",
"MacAddress": "02:42:c0:a8:02:02",
"IPv4Address": "192.168.2.2/24",
"IPv6Address": ""
}
},
"Options": {},
"Labels": {}
}
]
使用主机名称可以 ping 通
这样就把 centos4 和 centos5 ,centos6 和 centos7 分别加入了自定义的dockert1,docker2 网络，这样的话 centos4和 centos5是互通的，centos6和 centos7 是互通的，但是docker1,docker2 网络 docker0 网络默认是不互通的
(6).docker network connect 实现不同网络之间的连通
如上图，如果想my centos2 可以 访问docker1 里面的 centos4 和 centos5 ，这个时候就需要使用 docker network connect来实现
#查看mycentos2 ip地址: 发现是 172.17.0.3
[root@localhost zph]# docker exec -it mycentos2 ifconfig
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 172.17.0.3 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 172.17.255.255
ether 02:42:ac:11:00:03 txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet)
RX packets 68 bytes 5754 (5.6 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 6 bytes 476 (476.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)
RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
#查看mycentos4 ip地址: 发现是 192.168.1.2
[root@localhost zph]# docker exec -it mycentos4 ifconfig
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.1.2 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.1.255
ether 02:42:c0:a8:01:02 txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet)
RX packets 45 bytes 5699 (5.5 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)
RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
说明mycentos2和mycentos4直接是不能通信的,因为他们不在同一个网段,如果想他们通信,就需要把mycentos2加入到mycentos4的网段中才得行,这样就需要使用docker network connect语句来实现了,语法:
#网络名:可以通过docker network ls查看
docker network connect 网络名 容器名/容器ID
#把mycentos2容器加入docker1网络
[root@localhost zph]# docker network connect docker1 mycentos2
#查看dokcer1网络,发现容器中已经加入了mycentos2了
[root@localhost zph]# docker network inspect docker1
[
{
"Name": "docker1",
"Id": "c0fbaf2266c86f504d02a9324c45fb49c1909f908631d6a2cd5b1bb04dc981a8",
"Created": "2023-11-20T18:19:18.375826061-08:00",
"Scope": "local",
"Driver": "bridge",
"EnableIPv6": false,
"IPAM": {
"Driver": "default",
"Options": {},
"Config": [
{
"Subnet": "192.168.1.0/24",
"Gateway": "192.168.1.1"
}
]
},
"Internal": false,
"Attachable": false,
"Ingress": false,
"ConfigFrom": {
"Network": ""
},
"ConfigOnly": false,
"Containers": {
"005f0e3b21e468d2526f4b444b82b9459599d64db465cf029cc7b1794351cd64": {
"Name": "mycentos2",
"EndpointID": "144b2d2989d1aded19d04229865aa9beacc72e95cae36acc30fd719e578c0b1d",
"MacAddress": "02:42:c0:a8:01:04",
"IPv4Address": "192.168.1.4/24",
"IPv6Address": ""
},
"0ef1ea47894936e011c3efbafd5dbc49df14e5285f836a08345a48eb800349e6": {
"Name": "mycentos4",
"EndpointID": "da176af0d1630cd9ab8c0bb78e6a3974933686f66f9c334c83b0b622f0b1d3fb",
"MacAddress": "02:42:c0:a8:01:02",
"IPv4Address": "192.168.1.2/24",
"IPv6Address": ""
},
"a1a6d02bb8ba6ce5bfdc96b32e7d16d8e76ce9960656dab3a2281bf46fa86793": {
"Name": "mycentos5",
"EndpointID": "6611729f48e83c6c5b6829dd4cdb6437aca1aa0796679b9c6815769fac48a5cc",
"MacAddress": "02:42:c0:a8:01:03",
"IPv4Address": "192.168.1.3/24",
"IPv6Address": ""
}
},
"Options": {},
"Labels": {}
}
]
#mycentos4 ping mycentos2,可以ping通
[root@localhost zph]# docker exec -it mycentos4 ping mycentos2
PING mycentos2 (192.168.1.4) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from mycentos2.docker1 (192.168.1.4): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.176 ms
64 bytes from mycentos2.docker1 (192.168.1.4): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.058 ms
这样就实现了不同网络不同容器之间的通信了
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