使用持久卷部署 WordPress 和 MySQL

🗓️实验环境

*OS名称*	Microsoft Windows 11 家庭中文版
*系统类型*	x64-based PC
*Docker版本*	Docker version 24.0.6, build ed223bc
*minikube版本*	v1.32.0

🖇️创建 kustomization.yaml

你可以通过 kustomization.yaml 中的生成器创建一个 Secret存储密码或密钥敏感数据对象。
kustomization.yaml

cat <<EOF >./kustomization.yaml
secretGenerator:
- name: mysql-pass
  literals:
  - password=YOUR_PASSWORD   #自定义密码
EOF

🗒️MySQL 和 WordPress 的资源配置

MySQL 容器将 PersistentVolume 挂载在 /var/lib/mysql。 MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD 环境变量根据 Secret 设置数据库密码。
mysql-deployment.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: wordpress-mysql
  labels:
    app: wordpress
spec:
  ports:
    - port: 3306
  selector:
    app: wordpress
    tier: mysql
  clusterIP: None
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
  name: mysql-pv-claim
  labels:
    app: wordpress
spec:
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
  resources:
    requests:
      storage: 20Gi
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: wordpress-mysql
  labels:
    app: wordpress
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: wordpress
      tier: mysql
  strategy:
    type: Recreate
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: wordpress
        tier: mysql
    spec:
      containers:
      - image: mysql:8.0
        name: mysql
        env:
        - name: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD
          valueFrom:
            secretKeyRef:
              name: mysql-pass
              key: password
        - name: MYSQL_DATABASE
          value: wordpress
        - name: MYSQL_USER
          value: wordpress
        - name: MYSQL_PASSWORD
          valueFrom:
            secretKeyRef:
              name: mysql-pass
              key: password
        ports:
        - containerPort: 3306
          name: mysql
        volumeMounts:
        - name: mysql-persistent-storage
          mountPath: /var/lib/mysql
      volumes:
      - name: mysql-persistent-storage
        persistentVolumeClaim:
          claimName: mysql-pv-claim

PersistentVolume 挂载到 /var/www/html，用于保存网站数据文件。 WORDPRESS_DB_HOST 环境变量设置上面定义的 MySQL Service 的名称，WordPress 将通过 Service 访问数据库。 WORDPRESS_DB_PASSWORD 环境变量根据使用 kustomize 生成的 Secret 设置数据库密码。
wordpress-deployment.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: wordpress
  labels:
    app: wordpress
spec:
  ports:
    - port: 80
  selector:
    app: wordpress
    tier: frontend
  type: LoadBalancer
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
  name: wp-pv-claim
  labels:
    app: wordpress
spec:
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
  resources:
    requests:
      storage: 20Gi
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: wordpress
  labels:
    app: wordpress
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: wordpress
      tier: frontend
  strategy:
    type: Recreate
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: wordpress
        tier: frontend
    spec:
      containers:
      - image: wordpress:6.2.1-apache
        name: wordpress
        env:
        - name: WORDPRESS_DB_HOST
          value: wordpress-mysql
        - name: WORDPRESS_DB_PASSWORD
          valueFrom:
            secretKeyRef:
              name: mysql-pass
              key: password
        - name: WORDPRESS_DB_USER
          value: wordpress
        ports:
        - containerPort: 80
          name: wordpress
        volumeMounts:
        - name: wordpress-persistent-storage
          mountPath: /var/www/html
      volumes:
      - name: wordpress-persistent-storage
        persistentVolumeClaim:
          claimName: wp-pv-claim

将内容追加到 kustomization.yaml：

cat <<EOF >>./kustomization.yaml
resources:
  - mysql-deployment.yaml
  - wordpress-deployment.yaml
EOF

应用目录下文件：

rkun1@LAPTOP-TUS5FU0D MINGW64 ~/minikube-env
$ ls
kustomization.yaml  mysql-deployment.yaml  wordpress-deployment.yaml 

rkun1@LAPTOP-TUS5FU0D MINGW64 ~/minikube-env
$ kubectl apply -k ./
secret/mysql-pass-km27c7kb5t created
service/wordpress created
service/wordpress-mysql created
persistentvolumeclaim/mysql-pv-claim created
persistentvolumeclaim/wp-pv-claim created
deployment.apps/wordpress created
deployment.apps/wordpress-mysql created

📌验证信息

rkun1@LAPTOP-TUS5FU0D MINGW64 ~/minikube-env
$ kubectl get svc
NAME              TYPE           CLUSTER-IP       EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)        AGE
kubernetes        ClusterIP      10.96.0.1        <none>        443/TCP        8d
wordpress         LoadBalancer   10.111.241.246   <pending>     80:32583/TCP   6m52s
wordpress-mysql   ClusterIP      None             <none>        3306/TCP       6m52s

rkun1@LAPTOP-TUS5FU0D MINGW64 ~/minikube-env
$ kubectl get secrets
NAME                    TYPE     DATA   AGE
mysql-pass-km27c7kb5t   Opaque   1      7m5s

rkun1@LAPTOP-TUS5FU0D MINGW64 ~/minikube-env
$ kubectl get pods
NAME                               READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
wordpress-79669d56c6-ww62t         1/1     Running   0          7m12s
wordpress-mysql-6cdf6b85df-7dq9h   1/1     Running   0          7m12s

本地minikube只能使用NodePort，运行以下命令以获取 WordPress 服务的 IP 地址

minikube service wordpress --url

$ minikube service wordpress --url
W1119 20:15:12.068839   25968 main.go:291] Unable to resolve the current Docker CLI context "default": context "default": context not found: open C:\Users\rkun1\.docker\contexts\meta\37a8eec1ce19687d132fe29051dca629d164e2c4958ba141d5f4133a33f0688f\meta.json: The system cannot find the path specified.
http://127.0.0.1:49401
❗  因为你正在使用 windows 上的 Docker 驱动程序，所以需要打开终端才能运行它。

使用浏览器访问：

数据存储在mysql服务中，mysql使用的存储资源是从环境获取的

查看PV信息：

rkun1@LAPTOP-TUS5FU0D MINGW64 ~
$ kubectl describe pv
Name:            pvc-30474999-b5e8-4b3a-8a47-135c469cb7c1
Labels:          <none>
Annotations:     hostPathProvisionerIdentity: bb8975c2-5e31-4b2b-829f-948164f82d6a
                 pv.kubernetes.io/provisioned-by: k8s.io/minikube-hostpath
Finalizers:      [kubernetes.io/pv-protection]
StorageClass:    standard
Status:          Bound
Claim:           default/mysql-pv-claim
Reclaim Policy:  Delete
Access Modes:    RWO
VolumeMode:      Filesystem
Capacity:        20Gi
Node Affinity:   <none>
Message:
Source:
    Type:          HostPath (bare host directory volume)
    Path:          /tmp/hostpath-provisioner/default/mysql-pv-claim
    HostPathType:
Events:            <none>


Name:            pvc-e25bb604-379b-4883-bc5c-fa3fe03c6301
Labels:          <none>
Annotations:     hostPathProvisionerIdentity: bb8975c2-5e31-4b2b-829f-948164f82d6a
                 pv.kubernetes.io/provisioned-by: k8s.io/minikube-hostpath
Finalizers:      [kubernetes.io/pv-protection]
StorageClass:    standard
Status:          Bound
Claim:           default/wp-pv-claim
Reclaim Policy:  Delete
Access Modes:    RWO
VolumeMode:      Filesystem
Capacity:        20Gi
Node Affinity:   <none>
Message:
Source:
    Type:          HostPath (bare host directory volume)
    Path:          /tmp/hostpath-provisioner/default/wp-pv-claim
    HostPathType:
Events:            <none>

进入minikube虚拟环境，可以查看到pv所挂载的目录：

rkun1@LAPTOP-TUS5FU0D MINGW64 ~
$ minikube ssh
W1119 20:23:02.886020    3824 main.go:291] Unable to resolve the current Docker CLI context "default": context "default": context not found: open C:\Users\rkun1\.docker\contexts\meta\37a8eec1ce19687d132fe29051dca629d164e2c4958ba141d5f4133a33f0688f\meta.json: The system cannot find the path specified.
docker@minikube:~$ cd /tmp/hostpath-provisioner/default
docker@minikube:/tmp/hostpath-provisioner/default$ ls
mysql-pv-claim  wp-pv-claim

进入目录可以查看到mysql的一些配置文件以及数据：

docker@minikube:/tmp/hostpath-provisioner/default$ cd mysql-pv-claim/
docker@minikube:/tmp/hostpath-provisioner/default/mysql-pv-claim$ ls
'#ib_16384_0.dblwr'   binlog.index      ibtmp1               server-cert.pem
'#ib_16384_1.dblwr'   ca-key.pem        mysql                server-key.pem
'#innodb_redo'        ca.pem            mysql.ibd            sys
'#innodb_temp'        client-cert.pem   mysql.sock           undo_001
 auto.cnf             client-key.pem    performance_schema   undo_002
 binlog.000001        ib_buffer_pool    private_key.pem      wordpress
 binlog.000002        ibdata1           public_key.pem

🗑️清理资源

kubectl delete -k ./

rkun1@LAPTOP-TUS5FU0D MINGW64 ~
$ cd minikube-env/

rkun1@LAPTOP-TUS5FU0D MINGW64 ~/minikube-env
$ ls
kustomization.yaml  mysql-deployment.yaml  wordpress-deployment.yaml

rkun1@LAPTOP-TUS5FU0D MINGW64 ~/minikube-env
$ kubectl delete -k ./
secret "mysql-pass-km27c7kb5t" deleted
service "wordpress" deleted
service "wordpress-mysql" deleted
persistentvolumeclaim "mysql-pv-claim" deleted
persistentvolumeclaim "wp-pv-claim" deleted
deployment.apps "wordpress" deleted
deployment.apps "wordpress-mysql" deleted