C# NAudio 音频库

NAudio安装
NAudio简述
简单示例1
录制麦克风
录制系统声卡
WAV格式播放
MP3格式播放
AudioFileReader读取播放音频
MediaFoundationReader 读取播放音频

NAudio安装

项目=>NuGet包管理器搜索NAudio点击安装，自动安装依赖库。
在这里插入图片描述
安装成功后工具箱会新增NAudio.WinForms控件

NAudio简述

NAudio为.NET平台下的开源库，采用ML-PL协议，开源地址：https://github.com/naudio/NAudio支持多种音频操作，可实现多种API播放与录制、多种不同音频格式、音频格式转换（重采样、位深、声道等）、音频编码、多通道播放、音频效果处理等等。

快速入门
深入研究

常用类：

WaveIn 表示波形输入, 继承了 IWaveIn, 例如麦克风输入, 或者计算机正在播放的音频流。
WaveOut 表示波形输出, 继承了 IWavePlayer, 用来播放音频, 以 IWaveProvider 作为播放源播放音频, 通过拓展方法也支持以 ISampleProvider 作为播放源播放音频。
WaveStream 表示波形流, 它继承了 IWaveProvider, 可以用来作为播放源。
WaveFileReader 继承了 WaveStream, 用来读取波形文件。
WaveFileWriter 继承了Stream, 用来写入文件, 常用于保存音频录制的数据。
AudioFileReader 通用的音频文件读取器, 可以读取波形文件, 也可以读取其他类型的音频文件例如 Aiff, MP3

常用接口：

IWaveProvider 波形提供者, 上面已经提到, 是音频播放的提供者, 通过拓展方法可以转换为 ISampleProvider。
ISampleProvider 采样提供者, 上面已经提到, 通过拓展方法可以作为 WaveOut 的播放源。

简单示例1

自定义录音机类：Recorder.cs

using NAudio.Wave;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace NAudioDemo
{
    internal class Recorder
    {
        public WaveIn mWaveIn;
        public WaveFileWriter mWaveFileWriter;
        public int secondsRecorded;

        /// <summary>
        /// 开始录音
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="filePath"></param>
        public void RecorderStart(string filePath)
        {
            // 创建WaveIn对象
            mWaveIn = new WaveIn();

            // 添加DataAvailable事件处理回调
            mWaveIn.DataAvailable += OnDataAvailable;

            // 创建WaveFileWriter对象
            mWaveFileWriter = new WaveFileWriter(filePath, mWaveIn.WaveFormat);

            // 开始录音
            mWaveIn.StartRecording();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 停止录音
        /// </summary>
        public void RecorderStop()
        {
            mWaveIn?.StopRecording();

            mWaveIn?.Dispose();

            mWaveFileWriter?.Close();
            mWaveFileWriter = null;
        }


        /// <summary>
        /// 录音数据回调
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void OnDataAvailable(object sender, WaveInEventArgs e)
        {
            // 写入录音数据
            mWaveFileWriter.Write(e.Buffer, 0, e.BytesRecorded);           

            // 计算已录制的秒数
            secondsRecorded = (int)mWaveFileWriter.Length / mWaveFileWriter.WaveFormat.AverageBytesPerSecond;
        }
  
    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;


using System.IO;
using NAudio.Wave;
using System.Drawing.Text;
using System.Media;
using NAudio.Dsp;

namespace NAudioDemo
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {             
        // 创建录音机类实例
        Recorder recorder = new Recorder();
        
        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }
                
        private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            
        }
   
        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            button1.Enabled = false;
            button2.Enabled = true;
            recorder.RecorderStart(@"D:\1.wav");
        }

        private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            button1.Enabled = true;
            button2.Enabled = false;
            recorder.RecorderStop();
        }

        private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            SoundPlayer player = new SoundPlayer(@"D:\1.wav");
            player.Play();           
        }
    }
}

在这里插入图片描述

录制麦克风

借助 WaveIn 类, 我们可以轻易的捕获麦克风输入, 在每一次录制到数据时, 将数据写入到文件或其他流, 这就实现了保存录音
在保存波形文件时需要借助 WaveFileWriter, 当然, 如果你想保存为其他格式, 也可以使用其它的 Writer, 例如 CurWaveFileWriter 以及AiffFileWriter, 美中不足的是没有直接写入到 MP3 的 FileWriter
需要注意的是, 桌面程序可以直接使用 WaveIn, 其回调基于 Windows 消息, 所以无法在控制台应用中使用 WaveIn
如果要在控制台应用中实现录音, 只需要使用 WaveInEvent, 它的回调基于事件而不是 Windows 消息, 所以可以通用
示例代码：
WaveIn cap = new WaveIn(); // cap, capture
WaveFileWriter writer = new WaveFileWriter();
cap.DataAvailable += (s, args) => writer.Write(args.Buffer, 0, args.BytesRecorded); // 订阅事件
cap.StartRecording(); // 开始录制
cap.StopRecording(); // 停止录制
writer.Close(); // 关闭 FileWriter, 保存数据
另外, 除了使用 WaveIn, 你还可以使用 WasapiCapture, 它与 WaveIn 的使用方式是一致的, 可以用来录制麦克风
Wasapi 全称 Windows Audio Session Application Programming Interface (Windows音频会话应用编程接口)
具体 WaveIn, WaveInEvent, WasapiCapture 的性能, 笔者还没有测试过, 但估计不会有太大差异.
提示: WasapiCapture 和 WasapiLoopbackCapture 位于 NAudio.Wave 命名空间下

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;

using NAudio;
using NAudio.Wave;


namespace NAudioDemo2
{
    public partial class Form2 : Form
    {

        private WaveIn waveIn = null;
        private WaveFileWriter writer = null;


        public Form2()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            button2.Enabled = false;
            button3.Enabled = false;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 设置保存文件名称
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            saveFileDialog1.InitialDirectory = Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.MyDocuments);
            saveFileDialog1.Filter = "audio files (*.wav)|*.wav| all files (*.*)|*.*"; // 文件类型过滤
            saveFileDialog1.DefaultExt = "*.wav"; // 默认文件扩展名
            //saveFileDialog1.FileName = "1.wav"; // 默认文件名

            if (saveFileDialog1.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
            { 
                string fName = saveFileDialog1.FileName; // 获取文件名
                textBox1.Text = fName;
                button2.Enabled = true;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 开始录音
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
                      
            //waveIn = new WaveIn { WaveFormat = new WaveFormat(44100, 1) };
            waveIn = new WaveIn();
            waveIn.WaveFormat = new WaveFormat(44100, 1);
           
            writer = new WaveFileWriter(textBox1.Text.Trim(), waveIn.WaveFormat);

            waveIn.DataAvailable += (s, args) => writer.Write(args.Buffer, 0, args.BytesRecorded);

            waveIn.StartRecording();

            button2.Enabled = false;
            button3.Enabled = true;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 停止录音
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            waveIn.StopRecording();
            waveIn.Dispose();
            waveIn = null;

            writer.Flush();
            writer.Close();
            writer.Dispose();

            button2.Enabled = true;
            button3.Enabled = false;
        }
    }
}

录制系统声卡

录制声卡输出, 也就是录制计算机正在播放的声音, 借助 WasapiLoopbackCapture 即可简单实现, 使用方式与 WasapiCapture 无异
WasapiLoopbackCapture cap = new WasapiLoopbackCapture();
WaveFileWriter writer = new WaveFileWriter();
cap.DataAvailable += (s, args) => writer.Write(args.Buffer, 0, args.BytesRecorded);
cap.StartRecording();

using NAudio.Wave;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace NAudioDemo2
{
    public partial class Form3 : Form
    {
        private WasapiLoopbackCapture loopCap = new WasapiLoopbackCapture();
        private WaveFileWriter fileWriter;

        public Form3()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            SaveFileDialog saveFileDialog = new SaveFileDialog();
            saveFileDialog.Filter = "wave file *.wav|*.wav|all filse *.*|*.*";
            saveFileDialog.DefaultExt = ".wav";

            if (saveFileDialog.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
            {
                string fName = saveFileDialog.FileName;
                textBox1.Text = fName;            
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 录制声卡开始
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            fileWriter = new WaveFileWriter(textBox1.Text.Trim(), loopCap.WaveFormat) ;
            loopCap.DataAvailable += (s, args) => fileWriter.Write(args.Buffer, 0, args.BytesRecorded);

            loopCap.StartRecording();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 录制声卡停止
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            loopCap.StopRecording();
            fileWriter.Flush();
            fileWriter.Close();
            fileWriter.Dispose();
        }
    }
}

WAV格式播放

NAudio 中, 通过 WaveFileReader 来读取波形数据, 在实例化时, 你可以指定文件名或者是输入流, 这意味着你可以读取内存流中的音频数据.
WaveFileReader reader = new WaveFileReader(filepath);
WaveOut wout = new WaveOut();
wout.Init(reader); // 通过 IWaveProvider 为音频输出初始化
wout.Play(); // 至此, wout 将从指定的 reader 中提供的数据进行播放

using NAudio.Wave;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace NAudioDemo2
{
    public partial class Form4 : Form
    {
        private WaveOut wout_wav;
        WaveFileReader reader;

        public Form4()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            OpenFileDialog ofd = new OpenFileDialog();
            ofd.Filter = "audio file *.wav|*.wav";
            ofd.DefaultExt = "*.wav";
            if (ofd.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
            {
                string fName = ofd.FileName;
                textBox1.Text = fName;
            }
        }

        private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            reader = new WaveFileReader(textBox1.Text.Trim());
            wout_wav = new WaveOut();
            wout_wav.Init(reader);
            wout_wav.Play();
        }

        private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            wout_wav.Pause();
        }

        private void button4_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            wout_wav.Resume();
        }

        private void button5_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            wout_wav.Stop();
            wout_wav.Dispose();
            reader.Close();
        }
    }
}

MP3格式播放

播放 MP3 音乐其实与播放波形音乐没有太大区别, 只不过将 WaveFileReader 换成Mp3FileReader 罢了
Mp3FileReader reader = new Mp3FileReader(filepath);
WaveOut wout = new WaveOut();
wout.Init(reader);
wout.Play();

using NAudio.Wave;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace NAudioDemo2
{
    public partial class Form5 : Form
    {
        Mp3FileReader reader;
        WaveOut wout_mp3;

        public Form5()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            OpenFileDialog ofd = new OpenFileDialog();
            ofd.Filter = "audio file *.mp3|*.mp3";
            ofd.DefaultExt = "*.mp3";

            if (ofd.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
            { 
                string fName = ofd.FileName;
                textBox1.Text = fName;
            }
        }

        private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            reader = new Mp3FileReader(textBox1.Text);
            wout_mp3 = new WaveOut();
            wout_mp3.Init(reader);
            wout_mp3.Play();
        }

        private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            wout_mp3.Pause();
        }

        private void button4_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            wout_mp3.Resume();
        }

        private void button5_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            wout_mp3.Stop();
            wout_mp3.Dispose();
            reader.Close();
            reader.Dispose();
        }
    }
}

AudioFileReader读取播放音频

通过AudioFileReader读取音频文件可以播放.mp3, .wav, .flac等多种格式
AudioFileReader reader = new AudioFileReader (@“d:\1.mp3”);
WaveOut wout = new WaveOut ();
wout.Init(reader );
wout.Play();
wout.Pause();
wout.Resume();
wout.Stop();

using NAudio.Wave;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace NAudioDemo2
{
    public partial class Form6 : Form
    {
        AudioFileReader reader;
        WaveOut wout;

        public Form6()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void Form6_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
        
        }

        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            OpenFileDialog ofd = new OpenFileDialog();
            ofd.Filter = "audio file *.mp3|*.mp3|all files *.*|*.*";
            if (ofd.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
            { 
                string fName = ofd.FileName;
                textBox1.Text = fName; 
            }
        }

        private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            reader = new AudioFileReader(textBox1.Text.Trim());
            wout = new WaveOut();
            wout.Init(reader);
            wout.Play();

        }

        private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            wout.Pause();  
        }

        private void button4_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            wout.Resume();
        }

        private void button5_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            wout.Stop();
            wout.Dispose();
            reader.Close();
            reader.Dispose();
        }
    }
}

MediaFoundationReader 读取播放音频

通过MediaFoundationReader 读取音频文件可以播放.mp3, .wav, .flac等多种格式
MediaFoundationReader reader = new MediaFoundationReader (@“d:\1.mp3”);
WaveOut wout = new WaveOut ();
wout.Init(reader );
wout.Play();
wout.Pause();
wout.Resume();
wout.Stop();

using NAudio.Wave;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace NAudioDemo2
{
    public partial class Form7 : Form
    {
        MediaFoundationReader reader;
        WaveOut wout;

        public Form7()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            OpenFileDialog  ofd = new OpenFileDialog();
            ofd.Filter = "audio file *.mp3|*.mp3|all files *.*|*.*";
            ofd.DefaultExt = "*.mp3";

            if (ofd.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
            {
                string fName = ofd.FileName;
                textBox1.Text = fName;
            }
        }

        private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            reader = new MediaFoundationReader(textBox1.Text.Trim());
            wout = new WaveOut();
            wout.Init(reader);
            wout.Play();
        }

        private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            wout.Pause();
        }

        private void button4_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            wout.Resume();
        }

        private void button5_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            wout.Stop();
            wout.Dispose();
            reader.Close();
            reader.Dispose();
        }
    }
}