配置petalinux系统从flahs启动，发现BOO.BIN能启动，BOOT.BIN+image.ub启动不了。其中烧写和配置的时候，image.ub.bin偏移地址都是0x520000
烧写，然后启动
U-Boot 2018.01-00083-gd8fc4b3b70 (Nov 13 2023 - 03:29:36 +0000) Xilinx Zynq ZC70 2
Board: Xilinx Zynq
Silicon: v3.1
I2C: ready
DRAM: ECC disabled 1 GiB
MMC: Card did not respond to voltage select!
mmc_init: -95, time 23
mmc@e0100000 - probe failed: -95
sdhci_transfer_data: Error detected in status(0x208000)!
Card did not respond to voltage select!
mmc_init: -95, time 24
SF: Detected w25q128bv with page size 512 Bytes, erase size 8 KiB, total 32 MiB
*** Warning - bad CRC, using default environment
In: serial@e0000000
Out: serial@e0000000
Err: serial@e0000000
Board: Xilinx Zynq
Silicon: v3.1
Net: ZYNQ GEM: e000c000, phyaddr ffffffff, interface rgmii-id
PHY is not detected
GEM PHY init failed
No ethernet found.
U-BOOT for flash
ZYNQ GEM: e000c000, phyaddr ffffffff, interface rgmii-id
mdio_register: non unique device name 'eth0'
ZYNQ GEM: e000c000, phyaddr ffffffff, interface rgmii-id
mdio_register: non unique device name 'eth0'
ZYNQ GEM: e000c000, phyaddr ffffffff, interface rgmii-id
mdio_register: non unique device name 'eth0'
ZYNQ GEM: e000c000, phyaddr ffffffff, interface rgmii-id
mdio_register: non unique device name 'eth0'
No ethernet found.
ZYNQ GEM: e000c000, phyaddr ffffffff, interface rgmii-id
mdio_register: non unique device name 'eth0'
Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0
SF: Detected w25q128bv with page size 512 Bytes, erase size 8 KiB, total 32 MiB
device 0 offset 0x520000, size 0xa80000
SF: 11010048 bytes @ 0x520000 Read: OK
Wrong Image Format for bootm command
ERROR: can't get kernel image!
Zynq>一开始怀疑：uImage文件本身有错。错误原因可能是生成的时候出错，也可能是错误使用某个文件。参考文献说uImage是冲zImage copy过来，笔者也是这么做的。因此笔者怀疑是uImage文件错误用了zImage。在arch/arm/boot/下面还有一个uImage文件是在生成内核的时候产生的。
然后对比以前能启动的板子时候打印信息如下：
Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0
SF: Detected n25q128 with page size 256 Bytes, erase size 64 KiB, total 16 MiB
device 0 offset 0x520000, size 0xa80000
SF: 11010048 bytes @ 0x520000 Read: OK
## Loading kernel from FIT Image at 10000000 ...
Using 'conf@1' configuration
Verifying Hash Integrity ... OK
对比发现：
N25Q128和W25Q128 不可以相互替换，除非使用单线SPI通信，且只能使用F80000 ~FFFFFF或者0~7FFFF范围内的内存。 N25Q128的指令在不同spi模式（单线、双线、四线）下有所不同。
修改为：
再次烧写完，系统正常启动
U-Boot 2018.01-00083-gd8fc4b3b70 (Nov 13 2023 - 03:29:36 +0000) Xilinx Zynq ZC70 2
Board: Xilinx Zynq
Silicon: v3.1
I2C: ready
DRAM: ECC disabled 1 GiB
MMC: Card did not respond to voltage select!
mmc_init: -95, time 23
mmc@e0100000 - probe failed: -95
sdhci_transfer_data: Error detected in status(0x208000)!
Card did not respond to voltage select!
mmc_init: -95, time 24
SF: Detected w25q128bv with page size 512 Bytes, erase size 8 KiB, total 32 MiB
*** Warning - bad CRC, using default environment
In: serial@e0000000
Out: serial@e0000000
Err: serial@e0000000
Board: Xilinx Zynq
Silicon: v3.1
Net: ZYNQ GEM: e000c000, phyaddr ffffffff, interface rgmii-id
PHY is not detected
GEM PHY init failed
No ethernet found.
U-BOOT for flash
ZYNQ GEM: e000c000, phyaddr ffffffff, interface rgmii-id
mdio_register: non unique device name 'eth0'
ZYNQ GEM: e000c000, phyaddr ffffffff, interface rgmii-id
mdio_register: non unique device name 'eth0'
ZYNQ GEM: e000c000, phyaddr ffffffff, interface rgmii-id
mdio_register: non unique device name 'eth0'
ZYNQ GEM: e000c000, phyaddr ffffffff, interface rgmii-id
mdio_register: non unique device name 'eth0'
No ethernet found.
ZYNQ GEM: e000c000, phyaddr ffffffff, interface rgmii-id
mdio_register: non unique device name 'eth0'
Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0
SF: Detected w25q128bv with page size 512 Bytes, erase size 8 KiB, total 32 MiB
device 0 offset 0x520000, size 0xa80000
SF: 11010048 bytes @ 0x520000 Read: OK
Wrong Image Format for bootm command
ERROR: can't get kernel image!
Zynq>
U-Boot 2018.01 (Nov 13 2023 - 07:13:38 +0000) Xilinx Zynq ZC702
Board: Xilinx Zynq
Silicon: v3.1
I2C: ready
DRAM: ECC disabled 1 GiB
MMC: Card did not respond to voltage select!
mmc_init: -95, time 22
mmc@e0100000 - probe failed: -95
sdhci_transfer_data: Error detected in status(0x208000)!
Card did not respond to voltage select!
mmc_init: -95, time 23
SF: Detected w25q128bv with page size 512 Bytes, erase size 8 KiB, total 32 MiB
*** Warning - bad CRC, using default environment
In: serial@e0000000
Out: serial@e0000000
Err: serial@e0000000
Board: Xilinx Zynq
Silicon: v3.1
Net: ZYNQ GEM: e000c000, phyaddr ffffffff, interface rgmii-id
PHY is not detected
GEM PHY init failed
No ethernet found.
U-BOOT for flash
ZYNQ GEM: e000c000, phyaddr ffffffff, interface rgmii-id
mdio_register: non unique device name 'eth0'
ZYNQ GEM: e000c000, phyaddr ffffffff, interface rgmii-id
mdio_register: non unique device name 'eth0'
ZYNQ GEM: e000c000, phyaddr ffffffff, interface rgmii-id
mdio_register: non unique device name 'eth0'
ZYNQ GEM: e000c000, phyaddr ffffffff, interface rgmii-id
mdio_register: non unique device name 'eth0'
No ethernet found.
ZYNQ GEM: e000c000, phyaddr ffffffff, interface rgmii-id
mdio_register: non unique device name 'eth0'
Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0
SF: Detected w25q128bv with page size 512 Bytes, erase size 8 KiB, total 32 MiB
device 0 offset 0xf80000, size 0xa80000
SF: 11010048 bytes @ 0xf80000 Read: OK
Wrong Image Format for bootm command
ERROR: can't get kernel image!
Zynq>
U-Boot 2018.01 (Nov 13 2023 - 07:13:38 +0000) Xilinx Zynq ZC702
Board: Xilinx Zynq
Silicon: v3.1
I2C: ready
DRAM: ECC disabled 1 GiB
MMC: Card did not respond to voltage select!
mmc_init: -95, time 22
mmc@e0100000 - probe failed: -95
sdhci_transfer_data: Error detected in status(0x208000)!
Card did not respond to voltage select!
mmc_init: -95, time 23
SF: Detected w25q128bv with page size 512 Bytes, erase size 8 KiB, total 32 MiB
*** Warning - bad CRC, using default environment
In: serial@e0000000
Out: serial@e0000000
Err: serial@e0000000
Board: Xilinx Zynq
Silicon: v3.1
Net: ZYNQ GEM: e000c000, phyaddr ffffffff, interface rgmii-id
PHY is not detected
GEM PHY init failed
No ethernet found.
U-BOOT for flash
ZYNQ GEM: e000c000, phyaddr ffffffff, interface rgmii-id
mdio_register: non unique device name 'eth0'
ZYNQ GEM: e000c000, phyaddr ffffffff, interface rgmii-id
mdio_register: non unique device name 'eth0'
ZYNQ GEM: e000c000, phyaddr ffffffff, interface rgmii-id
mdio_register: non unique device name 'eth0'
ZYNQ GEM: e000c000, phyaddr ffffffff, interface rgmii-id
mdio_register: non unique device name 'eth0'
No ethernet found.
ZYNQ GEM: e000c000, phyaddr ffffffff, interface rgmii-id
mdio_register: non unique device name 'eth0'
Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0
SF: Detected w25q128bv with page size 512 Bytes, erase size 8 KiB, total 32 MiB
device 0 offset 0xf80000, size 0xa80000
SF: 11010048 bytes @ 0xf80000 Read: OK
## Loading kernel from FIT Image at 10000000 ...
Using 'conf@system-top.dtb' configuration
Verifying Hash Integrity ... OK
Trying 'kernel@1' kernel subimage
Description: Linux kernel
Type: Kernel Image
Compression: gzip compressed
Data Start: 0x100000f4
Data Size: 3956321 Bytes = 3.8 MiB
Architecture: ARM
OS: Linux
Load Address: 0x00008000
Entry Point: 0x00008000
Hash algo: sha1
Hash value: da2380659bd0c2d9be0e12bffe9f3c78533f8968
Verifying Hash Integrity ... sha1+ OK
## Loading ramdisk from FIT Image at 10000000 ...
Using 'conf@system-top.dtb' configuration
Trying 'ramdisk@1' ramdisk subimage
Description: petalinux-user-image
Type: RAMDisk Image
Compression: gzip compressed
Data Start: 0x103ca910
Data Size: 6558729 Bytes = 6.3 MiB
Architecture: ARM
OS: Linux
Load Address: unavailable
Entry Point: unavailable
Hash algo: sha1
Hash value: 628d9a6e57ba6a09b16fdb71cbcea5790c27f66a
Verifying Hash Integrity ... sha1+ OK
## Loading fdt from FIT Image at 10000000 ...
Using 'conf@system-top.dtb' configuration
Trying 'fdt@system-top.dtb' fdt subimage
Description: Flattened Device Tree blob
Type: Flat Device Tree
Compression: uncompressed
Data Start: 0x103c6058
Data Size: 18423 Bytes = 18 KiB
Architecture: ARM
Hash algo: sha1
Hash value: 03fd694d834bcfde7e8382bf1b629a1a92bf89e9
Verifying Hash Integrity ... sha1+ OK
Booting using the fdt blob at 0x103c6058
ZYNQ GEM: e000c000, phyaddr ffffffff, interface rgmii-id
mdio_register: non unique device name 'eth0'
Uncompressing Kernel Image ... OK
Loading Ramdisk to 079be000, end 07fff409 ... OK
Loading Device Tree to 079b6000, end 079bd7f6 ... OK
Starting kernel ...
Booting Linux on physical CPU 0x0
Linux version 4.14.0-xilinx (oe-user@oe-host) (gcc version 7.3.0 (GCC)) #1 SMP P REEMPT Mon Nov 13 01:38:07 UTC 2023
CPU: ARMv7 Processor [413fc090] revision 0 (ARMv7), cr=18c5387d
CPU: PIPT / VIPT nonaliasing data cache, VIPT aliasing instruction cache
OF: fdt: Machine model: xlnx,zynq-7000
bootconsole [earlycon0] enabled
Memory policy: Data cache writealloc
cma: Reserved 16 MiB at 0x3f000000
percpu: Embedded 16 pages/cpu @ef7cc000 s34764 r8192 d22580 u65536
Built 1 zonelists, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 260608
Kernel command line: console=ttyPS0,115200 earlyprintk
PID hash table entries: 4096 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
Dentry cache hash table entries: 131072 (order: 7, 524288 bytes)
Inode-cache hash table entries: 65536 (order: 6, 262144 bytes)
Memory: 1006460K/1048576K available (6144K kernel code, 238K rwdata, 1572K rodat a, 1024K init, 153K bss, 25732K reserved, 16384K cma-reserved, 245760K highmem)
Virtual kernel memory layout:
vector : 0xffff0000 - 0xffff1000 ( 4 kB)
fixmap : 0xffc00000 - 0xfff00000 (3072 kB)
vmalloc : 0xf0800000 - 0xff800000 ( 240 MB)
lowmem : 0xc0000000 - 0xf0000000 ( 768 MB)
pkmap : 0xbfe00000 - 0xc0000000 ( 2 MB)
modules : 0xbf000000 - 0xbfe00000 ( 14 MB)
.text : 0xc0008000 - 0xc0700000 (7136 kB)
.init : 0xc0900000 - 0xc0a00000 (1024 kB)
.data : 0xc0a00000 - 0xc0a3bb00 ( 239 kB)
.bss : 0xc0a3bb00 - 0xc0a62204 ( 154 kB)
Preemptible hierarchical RCU implementation.
RCU restricting CPUs from NR_CPUS=4 to nr_cpu_ids=2.
Tasks RCU enabled.
RCU: Adjusting geometry for rcu_fanout_leaf=16, nr_cpu_ids=2
NR_IRQS: 16, nr_irqs: 16, preallocated irqs: 16
efuse mapped to f0801000
slcr mapped to f0803000
L2C: platform modifies aux control register: 0x72360000 -> 0x72760000
L2C: DT/platform modifies aux control register: 0x72360000 -> 0x72760000
L2C-310 erratum 769419 enabled
L2C-310 enabling early BRESP for Cortex-A9
L2C-310 full line of zeros enabled for Cortex-A9
L2C-310 ID prefetch enabled, offset 1 lines
L2C-310 dynamic clock gating enabled, standby mode enabled
L2C-310 cache controller enabled, 8 ways, 512 kB
L2C-310: CACHE_ID 0x410000c8, AUX_CTRL 0x76760001
zynq_clock_init: clkc starts at f0803100
Zynq clock init
sched_clock: 64 bits at 333MHz, resolution 3ns, wraps every 4398046511103ns
clocksource: arm_global_timer: mask: 0xffffffffffffffff max_cycles: 0x4ce07af025 , max_idle_ns: 440795209040 ns
Switching to timer-based delay loop, resolution 3ns
clocksource: ttc_clocksource: mask: 0xffff max_cycles: 0xffff, max_idle_ns: 5375 38477 ns
timer #0 at f080b000, irq=17
Console: colour dummy device 80x30
Calibrating delay loop (skipped), value calculated using timer frequency.. 666.6 6 BogoMIPS (lpj=3333333)
pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301
Mount-cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 8192 bytes)
Mountpoint-cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 8192 bytes)
CPU: Testing write buffer coherency: ok
CPU0: thread -1, cpu 0, socket 0, mpidr 80000000
Setting up static identity map for 0x100000 - 0x100060
Hierarchical SRCU implementation.
smp: Bringing up secondary CPUs ...
CPU1: thread -1, cpu 1, socket 0, mpidr 80000001
smp: Brought up 1 node, 2 CPUs
SMP: Total of 2 processors activated (1333.33 BogoMIPS).
CPU: All CPU(s) started in SVC mode.
devtmpfs: initialized
random: get_random_u32 called from bucket_table_alloc+0x1c4/0x204 with crng_init =0
VFP support v0.3: implementor 41 architecture 3 part 30 variant 9 rev 4
clocksource: jiffies: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 1911 2604462750000 ns
futex hash table entries: 512 (order: 3, 32768 bytes)
pinctrl core: initialized pinctrl subsystem
random: fast init done
NET: Registered protocol family 16
DMA: preallocated 256 KiB pool for atomic coherent allocations
cpuidle: using governor menu
hw-breakpoint: found 5 (+1 reserved) breakpoint and 1 watchpoint registers.
hw-breakpoint: maximum watchpoint size is 4 bytes.
zynq-ocm f800c000.ocmc: ZYNQ OCM pool: 256 KiB @ 0xf0880000
zynq-pinctrl 700.pinctrl: zynq pinctrl initialized
e0000000.serial: ttyPS0 at MMIO 0xe0000000 (irq = 27, base_baud = 6249999) is a xuartps
`▒▒k▒▒▒▒[ttyPS0] enabled
console [ttyPS0] enabled
bootconsole [earlycon0] disabled
bootconsole [earlycon0] disabled
vgaarb: loaded
SCSI subsystem initialized
usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs
usbcore: registered new interface driver hub
usbcore: registered new device driver usb
media: Linux media interface: v0.10
Linux video capture interface: v2.00
pps_core: LinuxPPS API ver. 1 registered
pps_core: Software ver. 5.3.6 - Copyright 2005-2007 Rodolfo Giometti <giometti@l inux.it>
PTP clock support registered
EDAC MC: Ver: 3.0.0
FPGA manager framework
fpga-region fpga-full: FPGA Region probed
Advanced Linux Sound Architecture Driver Initialized.
clocksource: Switched to clocksource arm_global_timer
NET: Registered protocol family 2
TCP established hash table entries: 8192 (order: 3, 32768 bytes)
TCP bind hash table entries: 8192 (order: 4, 65536 bytes)
TCP: Hash tables configured (established 8192 bind 8192)
UDP hash table entries: 512 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
UDP-Lite hash table entries: 512 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
NET: Registered protocol family 1
RPC: Registered named UNIX socket transport module.
RPC: Registered udp transport module.
RPC: Registered tcp transport module.
RPC: Registered tcp NFSv4.1 backchannel transport module.
Trying to unpack rootfs image as initramfs...
Freeing initrd memory: 6408K
hw perfevents: no interrupt-affinity property for /pmu@f8891000, guessing.
hw perfevents: enabled with armv7_cortex_a9 PMU driver, 7 counters available
workingset: timestamp_bits=30 max_order=18 bucket_order=0
jffs2: version 2.2. (NAND) (SUMMARY) © 2001-2006 Red Hat, Inc.
bounce: pool size: 64 pages
io scheduler noop registered
io scheduler deadline registered
io scheduler cfq registered (default)
io scheduler mq-deadline registered
io scheduler kyber registered
dma-pl330 f8003000.dmac: Loaded driver for PL330 DMAC-241330
dma-pl330 f8003000.dmac: DBUFF-128x8bytes Num_Chans-8 Num_Peri-4 Num_Even ts-16
brd: module loaded
loop: module loaded
m25p80 spi0.0: found w25q128, expected n25q512a
m25p80 spi0.0: w25q128 (32768 Kbytes)
4 ofpart partitions found on MTD device spi0.0
Creating 4 MTD partitions on "spi0.0":
0x000000000000-0x000000f60000 : "boot"
0x000000f60000-0x000000f80000 : "bootenv"
0x000000f80000-0x000001a00000 : "kernel"
0x000001a00000-0x000001a20000 : "spare"
libphy: Fixed MDIO Bus: probed
CAN device driver interface
libphy: MACB_mii_bus: probed
macb e000c000.ethernet eth0: no PHY found
e1000e: Intel(R) PRO/1000 Network Driver - 3.2.6-k
e1000e: Copyright(c) 1999 - 2015 Intel Corporation.
ehci_hcd: USB 2.0 'Enhanced' Host Controller (EHCI) Driver
ehci-pci: EHCI PCI platform driver
usbcore: registered new interface driver usb-storage
i2c /dev entries driver
cdns-i2c e0004000.i2c: 400 kHz mmio e0004000 irq 23
cdns-i2c e0005000.i2c: 400 kHz mmio e0005000 irq 24
IR NEC protocol handler initialized
IR RC5(x/sz) protocol handler initialized
IR RC6 protocol handler initialized
IR JVC protocol handler initialized
IR Sony protocol handler initialized
IR SANYO protocol handler initialized
IR Sharp protocol handler initialized
IR MCE Keyboard/mouse protocol handler initialized
IR XMP protocol handler initialized
cdns-wdt f8005000.watchdog: Xilinx Watchdog Timer at f098c000 with timeout 10s
EDAC MC: ECC not enabled
Xilinx Zynq CpuIdle Driver started
sdhci: Secure Digital Host Controller Interface driver
sdhci: Copyright(c) Pierre Ossman
sdhci-pltfm: SDHCI platform and OF driver helper
mmc0: SDHCI controller on e0100000.mmc [e0100000.mmc] using ADMA
mmc1: SDHCI controller on e0101000.mmc [e0101000.mmc] using ADMA
ledtrig-cpu: registered to indicate activity on CPUs
usbcore: registered new interface driver usbhid
usbhid: USB HID core driver
fpga_manager fpga0: Xilinx Zynq FPGA Manager registered
NET: Registered protocol family 10
Segment Routing with IPv6
sit: IPv6, IPv4 and MPLS over IPv4 tunneling driver
NET: Registered protocol family 17
can: controller area network core (rev 20170425 abi 9)
NET: Registered protocol family 29
can: raw protocol (rev 20170425)
can: broadcast manager protocol (rev 20170425 t)
can: netlink gateway (rev 20170425) max_hops=1
Registering SWP/SWPB emulation handler
hctosys: unable to open rtc device (rtc0)
of_cfs_init
of_cfs_init: OK
ALSA device list:
No soundcards found.
mmc1: new high speed MMC card at address 0001
mmcblk1: mmc1:0001 8GSD4R 7.28 GiB
Freeing unused kernel memory: 1024K
INIT: mmcblk1boot0: mmc1:0001 8GSD4R partition 1 31.9 MiB
mmcblk1boot1: mmc1:0001 8GSD4R partition 2 31.9 MiB
mmcblk1rpmb: mmc1:0001 8GSD4R partition 3 512 KiB
mmcblk1: p1 p2
version 2.88 booting
Starting udev
udevd[778]: starting version 3.2.2
udevd[779]: starting eudev-3.2.2
EXT4-fs (mmcblk1p2): recovery complete
EXT4-fs (mmcblk1p2): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Opts: (null)
hwclock: can't open '/dev/misc/rtc': No such file or directory
Mon Nov 13 07:16:34 UTC 2023
hwclock: can't open '/dev/misc/rtc': No such file or directory
Starting internet superserver: inetd.
Configuring packages on first boot....
(This may take several minutes. Please do not power off the machine.)
Running postinst /etc/rpm-postinsts/100-sysvinit-inittab...
update-rc.d: /etc/init.d/run-postinsts exists during rc.d purge (continuing)
Removing any system startup links for run-postinsts ...
/etc/rcS.d/S99run-postinsts
INIT: Entering runlevel: 5
Configuring network interfaces... Cannot find device "eth0"
Starting Dropbear SSH server: Generating key, this may take a while...
Public key portion is:
ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQC2pBEDqgiE3zQhP4dUuvmCuaJk3OXXPtGBPr9jSVpg 51JPhvjEYBxwsC++/wLE/frK8eRMyOpsMxyu7ORy71wwk8PNQJyV1vLWhyWDMosxgsbIJXm185fQii1K IzsAzKVrZ9J2e1I8ehi5ILzTYxGLd35UnKZtPV3phFDRpFgPeOXYZO5YUhDUum9C7ejGBHMEbEu2vkjZ UdQtJUWV5Z+c/VhqPG+bzBXbRpD5O56T5I26mm+RR6xVhLPATf891n+9Iu1zyNk1kIYH6qQVgCy1IRTH 4jBLs/FKwya+r2E+DWu1ZYgRUHZAV6DU2ExViYwuXyUB1zl0jmoAmEydmRcL root@flash
Fingerprint: md5 a1:e0:76:4c:ef:43:d2:c3:bb:ef:27:83:cf:1a:ac:d9
dropbear.
hwclock: can't open '/dev/misc/rtc': No such file or directory
Starting syslogd/klogd: done
Starting tcf-agent: OK
PetaLinux 2018.3 flash /dev/ttyPS0
flash login:
