设计模式_状态模式

状态模式

介绍

设计模式	定义	案例	问题堆积在哪里	解决办法
状态模式	一个对象状态可以发生改变不同的状态又有不同的行为逻辑	游戏角色加载不同的技能每个技能有不同的：攻击逻辑攻击范围动作等等	1 状态很多 2 每个状态有自己的属性和逻辑	每种状态单独写一个类角色需要那个状态就加载哪一个

类图

角色：

stateBase 抽象状态

stateA 具体状态A

stateB 具体状态B

stateC 具体状态C

FactoryState 状态工厂

代码

RoleContext

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;

public class RoleContext
{
    string name;
    StateBase currentState = null;

    public RoleContext()
    {
        name = "独孤求败";
    }

    // 展示动作
    public void ShowAction()
    {
        if (null != currentState)
        {
            currentState.Action();
        }
    }

    // 切换状态
    public void ChangeActionState(StateBase newState)
    {
        currentState = newState;
    }
}

StateBase


public abstract class StateBase
{
    public abstract void Action();
}

StateA

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;

public class StateA : StateBase
{
    string name = "普攻";

    public override void Action()
    {
        Debug.Log("释放-" + name);
    }
}

StateB

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;

public class StateB : StateBase
{
    string name = "次元斩";

    public override void Action()
    {
        Debug.Log("释放-" + name);
    }
}

StateC

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;

public class StateC:StateBase
{
    string name = "升龙击";

    public override void Action()
    {
        Debug.Log("释放-" + name);
    }
}

FactoryState

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;

public class FactoryState
{
    // 单例
    static FactoryState  self = null;
    FactoryState() { }
    public static  FactoryState Instance()
    {
        if (null == self)
            self = new FactoryState();
        return self;
    }


    Dictionary<string, StateBase> dic = new Dictionary<string, StateBase>();

    // 获取实例
    public StateBase GetStateIns(string className)
    {
        StateBase ins = null;

        switch (className)
        {
            case "StateA":
                {
                    if (false == dic.ContainsKey(className))
                        ins = new StateA();
                    else
                        ins = dic[className];
                }
                break;

            case "StateB":
                {
                    if (false == dic.ContainsKey(className))
                        ins = new StateB();
                    else
                        ins = dic[className];
                }
                break;

            case "StateC":
                {
                    if (false == dic.ContainsKey(className))
                        ins = new StateC();
                    else
                        ins = dic[className];
                }
                break;

            default:
                Debug.Log("未发现该类！");
                break;
        }

        return ins;
    }
}

测试代码

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;

public class TestZT : MonoBehaviour
{
    void Start()
    {
        RoleContext role = new RoleContext();

        // 切换技能A
        role.ChangeActionState(FactoryState.Instance().GetStateIns("StateA"));
        role.ShowAction();

        // 切换技能B
        role.ChangeActionState(FactoryState.Instance().GetStateIns("StateB"));
        role.ShowAction();

        // 切换技能C
        role.ChangeActionState(FactoryState.Instance().GetStateIns("StateC"));
        role.ShowAction();

    }

}