selenium+python web自动化测试框架项目实战实例教程

自动化测试对程序的回归测试更方便。由于回归测试的动作和用例是完全设计好的,测试期望的结果也是完全可以预料的,将回归测试自动运行...

可以运行更加繁琐的测试自动化测试的一个明显好处就是可以在很短的时间内运行更多的测试。学习自动化测试最终目的是应用到实际项目中，本篇将介绍大家自动化测试框架：

基本类模块代码

 from Common.Log import framelog
class base():
    def __init__(self,driver):
        self.driver = driver
        self.log = framelog().log()
        self.log.info("info")
    #把八大定位放在一个函数里面
    def find_ele(self,dic):
        #传递过来字典第一个即为定位方式
        by =list(dic.keys())[0];
        print("by"+by)
        #传递过来字典第二个为具体的元素
        ele=list(dic.values())[0];
        self.log.info("id")
        self.log.info("元素"+ele)
        try:
            if by == 'id':
                return self.driver.find_element_by_id(ele)
            elif by == 'name':
                return self.driver.find_element_by_name(ele)
            elif by == 'className':
                return self.driver.find_element_by_class_name(ele)
            elif by== 'linktext':
                return  self.find_element_by_link_text(ele)
            elif by == 'partial':
                return self.find_element_by_partial_link_text(ele)
            elif by == "css":
                return  self.driver.find_element_by_css_selector(ele)
            elif by == "xpath":
                return self.driver.find_element_by_xpath(ele)
            else:
                return  self.driver.find_element_by_tag_name(ele)
        except:
            return None
    #输入值
    def send_key(self,ele):
        print(ele)
        return  self.find_ele(ele)

    #后退
    def back(self):
        self.driver.back()
    #前进
    def forword(self):
        self.driver.forward()
    #当前窗口url
    def url(self):
        self.driver.current_url

数据模块-读取excel操作：

import  xlrd,os
#读excel操作、所有数据存放字典中
#filename为文件名
#index为excel sheet工作簿索引
def read_excel(filename,index):
    xls = xlrd.open_workbook(filename)
    sheet = xls.sheet_by_index(index)
    print(sheet.nrows)
    print(sheet.ncols)
    dic={}
    for j in range(sheet.ncols):

        data=[]
        for i in range(sheet.nrows):
          data.append(sheet.row_values(i)[j])
        dic[j]=data
    return  dic

log模块日志封装：

import logging,tim
from Common.function import  projectPath
class framelog():
    def __init__(self, logger=None):


    # 创建一个logger
        self.logger = logging.getLogger(logger)
        self.logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
    # 创建一个handler，用于写入日志文件
        self.log_time = time.strftime("%Y_%m_%d_")
       #路径需要修改
        self.log_path = projectPath()+"/Logs/"
        self.log_name = self.log_path + self.log_time + 'log.log'
        print(self.log_name)
        fh = logging.FileHandler(self.log_name, 'a', encoding='utf-8')
        fh.setLevel(logging.INFO)

    # 定义handler的输出格式
        formatter = logging.Formatter('[%(asctime)s] %(filename)s->%(funcName)s line:%(lineno)d [%(levelname)s]%(message)s')
        fh.setFormatter(formatter)
        self.logger.addHandler(fh)

    #  添加下面一句，在记录日志之后移除句柄

     #   self.logger.removeHandler(fh)
    # 关闭打开的文件
        fh.close()


    def log(self):
        return self.logger

PO车次预定模块实现：

from Base.base import  base
import  time
class bookPage(base):
    #预定车票
    def book(self):
        return self.by_xpath("//*[@id='tbody-01-K5260']/div[1]/div[6]/div[4]/a")

    #动车
    def book_typeD(self):
        return  self.by_css("#resultFilters01 > dl:nth-child(1) > dd.current > label > i")
    # 关闭浮层
    def book_close(self):
        return  self.by_css("#appd_wrap_close")

    def book_nologin(self):
        return  self.by_css("#btn_nologin")

    def bookBtn(self):
        try:
            time.sleep(7)
            self.book_close().click()
            time.sleep(2)
            self.book().click()
            time.sleep(2)
            self.book_nologin().click()

        except:
            self.log.error("车次查询失败")
            None
        return self.dr_url()

测试配置文件：

[testUrl]
url = “测试环境url"
[productUrl]
url = "生产环境url"

测试用例管理模块

测试套件管理：

import unittest
import HTMLTestRunner
import  time
from Common.function import  projectPath

if __name__ == '__main__':
    test_dir=projectPath()+"TestCases"
    tests=unittest.defaultTestLoader.discover(test_dir,
                                                     pattern ='test*.py',
                                                    top_level_dir=None)
    now = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%M-%H_%M_%S",time.localtime(time.time()))
    filepath=projectPath()+"/Reports/"+now+'.html'
    fp=open(filepath,'wb')
    #定义测试报告的标题与描述
    runner = HTMLTestRunner.HTMLTestRunner(stream=fp,title=u'自动化测试报告',description=u'测试报告')
    runner.run(tests)
    fp.close()

2.测试脚本：

import os,sys
sys.path.append(os.path.split(os.getcwd())[0])
import  time,unittest,HTMLTestRunner
from PageObject.bookPage import bookPage
from PageObject.orderPage import orderPage
from PageObject.searchPage import searchPage

from Base.baseUnit import  unitBase
from selenium import  webdriver


class SearchTest(unitBase):
    def test_02(self):
        search = searchPage(self.driver)
        res =search.searchTrain("杭州","上海","2019-05-10")
        #本例断言是根据当前页面的url去判断的
        self.assertIn('TrainBooking',res)

    def test_03(self):
        book = bookPage(self.driver)
        res=book.bookBtn()
        self.assertIn("InputPassengers",res)

    def test_04(self):
        order = orderPage(self.driver)
        order.userInfo("小王")