总结:视频中对于多线程讲的非常透彻,从线程基础概念—>.net不同版本出现的线程方法—>多线程常出现问题—>双色球项目实践,每个知识点都有代码实操,受益匪浅。附上学习笔记和实操代码。
视频
目录
- 一、线程、进程概念及优缺点
- 二、四种异步等待方式
- 1.异步控制等待-callback回调
- 2.异步控制等待-asyncResult.IsCompleted
- 3.异步控制等待WaitOne()-信号量
- 4.异步控制等待endinvoke-拿到异步函数的返回值
- 5.视频第1节课代码
- 三、.net1.0基础版的thread对象
- 1.线程启动
- 2.thread.join()\thread.sleep()\thread.IsBackfround
- 四、net 2.0 threadpool
- 1.线程启动、设置线程池最大线程数
- 2.manualResetEvent.WaitOne()异步控制等待
- 3.手写异步回调函数
- 4.带返回值的委托异步调用(法语结构待学习)
- 五、.net3.0 task
- 1.task线程启动
- 2.waitall、waitany都会卡主线程卡界面
- 3.task.whenall.continuewith()
- 4.taskfactory.continuewith()
- 5.设计最多只有11个线程在工作
- 6.taskfactory检测到哪个线程结束后,返回线程标识
- 7.task多次嵌套实现不卡主线程
- 8.两个waitall按顺序执行
- 9.thread.sleep()卡线程 task.delay()不卡线程
- 10.task线程完成标识
- 六、.net4.5 parallel
- 1.parallel启动多线程
- 2.parallel线程停止
- 七、threadcore
- 1.异常处理
- 2.线程取消
- 3.多线程临时变量
- 4.线程安全lock(lock锁的是引用)
- 4.1线程安全问题
- 4.2线程共有变量存在线程安全问题
- 4.3lock锁原理
- 八、.net.0 await/async
- 1.await原理
- 1.1小代码测试原理
- 2.带与不带返回值的async方法
- 2.1只有asynic
- 2.2asynic\await成对出现
- 2.3t.Wait()与await t区别
- 2.4await反编译-相当于状态机
- 3.此知识点代码
- 九、双色球项目
- 1.代码
- 十、知识点代码汇总
一、线程、进程概念及优缺点
线程:程序执行的最小单位,任何操作都是由线程完成的,使用同步时,资源一直被此线程占用,所以其他界面干不了,会出现卡界面的现象。
1启动不可控制、2结束不可控
一个耗时(i++)、耗资源(thread.sleep)的方法
二、四种异步等待方式
1.异步控制等待-callback回调
action执行完将asyncResult、"nimen"当成参数传给callback
2.异步控制等待-asyncResult.IsCompleted
3.异步控制等待WaitOne()-信号量
4.异步控制等待endinvoke-拿到异步函数的返回值
5.视频第1节课代码
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace multithread
{
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Console.WriteLine($"[------------主线程start: 线程号:({Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId.ToString("00")})---{System.DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:fff")}-----]");
/*1调用委托
{
Action<string> action = this.dosomething;
action.Invoke("AA");//同步调用委托
action("BB");//同步调用委托
action.BeginInvoke("cc", null, null);//异步调用委托
}
/*2异步-不可控
{
Action<string> action = this.dosomething;
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
{
string name = string.Format($"btn_click_{i}");
action.BeginInvoke(name, null, null);//异步调用委托
}
}*/
/*3.异步不可控
{
Action<string> action = this.dosomething;
action.BeginInvoke("cc", null, null);
Console.WriteLine($"[------------到这里计算完成: 线程号:({Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId.ToString("00")})---{System.DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:fff")}-----]");
}*/
/*4.异步等待1-回调
{
Action<string> action = this.dosomething;
AsyncCallback callback = new AsyncCallback(i => Console.WriteLine($"[------------到这里计算完成: 线程号:({Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId.ToString("00")})---{System.DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:fff")}-----]"));
//简单写法
AsyncCallback callback1 = i => Console.WriteLine($"[------------到这里计算完成: 线程号:({Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId.ToString("00")})---{System.DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:fff")}-----]");
action.BeginInvoke("cc", callback, null);
}*/
/*5.异步等待1-回调解析(action执行完将asyncResult、"nimen"当成参数传给callback)-不卡界面
{
Action<string> action = this.dosomething;
IAsyncResult asyncResult = null;
AsyncCallback callback = i =>
{
Console.WriteLine(object.ReferenceEquals(asyncResult , i));
Console.WriteLine(i.AsyncState);
Console.WriteLine($"[------------到这里计算完成: 线程号:({Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId.ToString("00")})---{System.DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:fff")}-----]");
};
asyncResult = action.BeginInvoke("cc", callback, "nimen");
}
*/
/*6.异步等待2 asyncResult.IsCompleted-回调解析-while函数卡界面
{
Action<string> action = this.dosomething;
IAsyncResult asyncResult = null;
AsyncCallback callback = i =>
{
Console.WriteLine(object.ReferenceEquals(asyncResult, i));
Console.WriteLine(i.AsyncState);
Console.WriteLine($"[------------到这里计算完成: 线程号:({Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId.ToString("00")})---{System.DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:fff")}-----]");
};
asyncResult = action.BeginInvoke("cc", callback, "nimen");
int a = 0;
while (!asyncResult.IsCompleted)
{
if (a < 10)
{
Console.WriteLine($"文件上传{a++ * 10}%..");
Console.WriteLine($"线程号:({Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId.ToString("00")})---{System.DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:fff")}");
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine($"文件上传99.9%..");
}
Thread.Sleep(200);
}
}*/
/*7.异步等待3-WaitOne()-信号量3
{
Action<string> action = this.dosomething;
IAsyncResult asyncResult = action.BeginInvoke("cc", null, null);
Console.WriteLine("dosomething");
Console.WriteLine("dosomething");
asyncResult.AsyncWaitHandle.WaitOne();//等待异步任务完成后,才打印计算完成
asyncResult.AsyncWaitHandle.WaitOne(2000);//限时等待
Console.WriteLine($"[------------到这里计算完成: 线程号:({Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId.ToString("00")})---{System.DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:fff")}-----]");
}*/
/*.8异步等待4endinvoke-拿到委托函数的返回值
{
Action<string> action = this.dosomething;
Func<int> func = () =>
{
Thread.Sleep(2000);
return DateTime.Now.Day;
};
Console.WriteLine($"func.Invoke()={ func.Invoke()}");
IAsyncResult asyncResult=func.BeginInvoke(r =>
{
Console.WriteLine(r.AsyncState);
}, "nimen");
Console.WriteLine($"func.EndInvoke={ func.EndInvoke(asyncResult)}");
Console.WriteLine($"[------------到这里计算完成: 线程号:({Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId.ToString("00")})---{System.DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:fff")}-----]");
}*/
Console.WriteLine($"[------------主线程end: 线程号:({Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId.ToString("00")})---{System.DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:fff")}-----]");
}
private void dosomething(string name)
{
Console.WriteLine($"[****Dosomething {name} start: 线程号:({Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId.ToString("00")})---{System.DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:fff")}*******]");
long result = 0;
for(int i =0; i < 10000000; i++)
{
result += i;
}
Thread.Sleep(2000);
Console.WriteLine($"[****Dosomething {name} end: 线程号:({Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId.ToString("00")})---{System.DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:fff")}{result}*******]");
}
}
}
三、.net1.0基础版的thread对象
1.线程启动
{
//Action<string> action = this.dosomething;
//IAsyncResult asyncResult = action.BeginInvoke("cc", null, null);
//Action action1 =()=> this.dosomething("CC");
//1.线程启动 thread.Start();
ThreadStart threadStart = () => this.dosomething("cc");
Thread thread = new Thread(threadStart);
thread.Start();
//2.线等待程thread.Join();
thread.Join(500);//卡主线程
Console.WriteLine($"等待500ms");
thread.Join();
while (thread.ThreadState != ThreadState.Stopped)
{
Thread.Sleep(100);//cpu时间片交出去干其他的事,但是内存还是占用
}
2.thread.join()\thread.sleep()\thread.IsBackfround
thread.join(500),是其他人线程等他500ms,此时有两个线程在工程, 一个在等待500ms,一个是自己在运行
thread.sleep(500),是自己线程自己将cpu时间片交出去干其他的事,但是内存还是占用,休眠500ms
前台线程,当软件闪退时,会吐出日志
四、net 2.0 threadpool
1.线程启动、设置线程池最大线程数
2.manualResetEvent.WaitOne()异步控制等待
{
ManualResetEvent manualResetEvent = new ManualResetEvent(false);
ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(t =>
{
this.dosomething("cc");
manualResetEvent.Set();
});//接收一个没有返回值的委托
manualResetEvent.WaitOne();
Console.WriteLine($"等待ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem执行完再执行");
}
waitone()风险,无线程可用会卡住
3.手写异步回调函数
4.带返回值的委托异步调用(法语结构待学习)
五、.net3.0 task
1.task线程启动
2.waitall、waitany都会卡主线程卡界面
waitall、waitany应用场景
3.task.whenall.continuewith()
首先task.whenall不卡主界面,快快的结束了btn_task_click是主线程任务
其次continuewith() ,当tasklist中线程执行后并满足条件时(all\any),直接顺序执行下面的委托,类似回调如“得意的笑”
4.taskfactory.continuewith()
5.设计最多只有11个线程在工作
6.taskfactory检测到哪个线程结束后,返回线程标识
7.task多次嵌套实现不卡主线程
8.两个waitall按顺序执行
如果有两个waitall需要执行但他们在不同线程中,但是又要保证这两次waitall的顺序,解决办法,将第一个waitall加到tasklist中,然后让第二个task的waitall来判断
9.thread.sleep()卡线程 task.delay()不卡线程
10.task线程完成标识
六、.net4.5 parallel
1.parallel启动多线程
2.parallel线程停止
七、threadcore
1.异常处理
主线程出现异常没人管理会导致程序崩溃
try {
TaskFactory taskFactory = new TaskFactory();
List < Task > tasklist = new List<Task>();
//异常处理
for(int i =0;i<20; i++)
{
string name = string.Format($"btn_click_{i}");
Action<object> act = t =>
{
try
{
Thread.Sleep(2000);
if (t.ToString().Equals("btn_click_11"))
{
throw new Exception(string.Format($"{t}执行失败"));
}
if (t.ToString().Equals("btn_click_12"))
{
throw new Exception(string.Format($"{t}执行失败"));
}
Console.WriteLine("{0}执行成功", t);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
}
};
tasklist.Add(taskFactory.StartNew(act, name));
};
Task.WaitAll(tasklist.ToArray());
}
catch (AggregateException aex)
{
foreach(var item in aex.InnerExceptions)
{
Console.WriteLine(item.Message);
}
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
}
2.线程取消
tasklist.Add(taskFactory.StartNew(act, name))时,
tasklist.Add(taskFactory.StartNew(act, name,cts.Token))时,
try {
TaskFactory taskFactory = new TaskFactory();
List < Task > tasklist = new List<Task>();
CancellationTokenSource cts = new CancellationTokenSource();
for(int i =0;i<40; i++)
{
string name = string.Format($"btn_click_{i}");
Action<object> act = t =>
{
try
{
/*
if (cts.IsCancellationRequested)
{
Console.WriteLine("{0}取消一个任务的执行",t);
}*/
Thread.Sleep(2000);
if (t.ToString().Equals("btn_click_11"))
{
throw new Exception(string.Format($"{t}执行失败"));
}
if (t.ToString().Equals("btn_click_12"))
{
throw new Exception(string.Format($"{t}执行失败"));
}
/*
else
{
Console.WriteLine("{0}执行成功", t);
}*/
if (cts.IsCancellationRequested)
{
Console.WriteLine("{0}放弃执行", t);
return;
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("{0}执行成功", t);
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
cts.Cancel();
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
}
};
tasklist.Add(taskFactory.StartNew(act, name,cts.Token));
}
Task.WaitAll(tasklist.ToArray());
}
catch (AggregateException aex)
{
foreach(var item in aex.InnerExceptions)
{
Console.WriteLine(item.Message);
}
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
}
3.多线程临时变量
4.线程安全lock(lock锁的是引用)
4.1线程安全问题
4.2线程共有变量存在线程安全问题
4.3lock锁原理
只有一个线程可以进去,没有并发 ,解决问题但牺牲性能
建议使用微软定义的锁
private static readonly object btn_click_lock = new object();//引用型变量
private int TotalCount = 0;
private List<int> IntList = new List<int>();
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Console.WriteLine($"[------------主线程start: 线程号:({Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId.ToString("00")})---{System.DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:fff")}-----]");
TaskFactory taskFactory = new TaskFactory();
//private static readonly object btn_click_lock = new object();
List<Task> tasklist = new List<Task>();
for (int i = 0; i< 10000; i++)
{
int newI = i;
/*
//非多线程
this.TotalCount += 1;
this.IntList.Add(newI);*/
//多线程
tasklist.Add(taskFactory.StartNew(() =>
{
// int m = 3 + 2;
lock (btn_click_lock)
{
this.TotalCount += 1;
this.IntList.Add(newI);
}
}));
}
Task.WaitAll(tasklist.ToArray());
Console.WriteLine(this.TotalCount);
Console.WriteLine(this.IntList.Count());
Console.WriteLine($"[------------主线程end: 线程号:({Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId.ToString("00")})---{System.DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:fff")}-----]");
}
八、.net.0 await/async
1.await原理
await后的代码相当于回调,只不过不是自己写的,是编译器状态机自带的。
回调方法continuewith是子线程完成的,但await不仅仅是回调(可子线程可主线程,计算机分配),所以他们又有所不同
1.1小代码测试原理
2.带与不带返回值的async方法
2.1只有asynic
2.2asynic\await成对出现
await 后面是要跟带有返回值的方法
在定义方法时,有了async和await套装后,尽管方法没有return,但此方法也可看成是带返回值的
不使用返回值
使用返回值
2.3t.Wait()与await t区别
2.4await反编译-相当于状态机
3.此知识点代码
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
testshow();
}
public static void testshow()
{
test();
}
private async static Task test()
{
Console.WriteLine($"当前主线程id={Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId.ToString("00")}---{System.DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:fff")}");
{
//NoReturnNoAwait();
NoReturn();
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
{
Thread.Sleep(300);
Console.WriteLine($"main thread task managedthreadid={Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId.ToString("00")}---{System.DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:fff")}--i={i}");
}
}
}
private static async void NoReturn()
{
//主线程执行
Console.WriteLine($"NoReturn sleep before await ,threadid={Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId.ToString("00")}---{System.DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:fff")}");
TaskFactory taskFactory = new TaskFactory();
Task task = taskFactory.StartNew(() =>
{
Console.WriteLine($"NoReturn sleep before ,threadid={Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId.ToString("00")}---{System.DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:fff")}");
Thread.Sleep(300);
Console.WriteLine($"NoReturn sleep after ,threadid={Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId.ToString("00")}---{System.DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:fff")}");
});
await task;
Console.WriteLine($"NoReturn sleep after await ,threadid={Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId.ToString("00")}---{System.DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:fff")}");
}
private static async void NoReturnNoAwait()
{
//主线程执行
Console.WriteLine($"NoReturnNoAwait sleep before task ,threadid={Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId.ToString("00")}---{System.DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:fff")}");
Task task = Task.Run(() =>
{
Console.WriteLine($"NoReturnNoAwait sleep before ,threadid={Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId.ToString("00")}---{System.DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:fff")}");
Thread.Sleep(300);
Console.WriteLine($"NoReturnNoAwait sleep after ,threadid={Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId.ToString("00")}---{System.DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:fff")}");
});
Console.WriteLine($"NoReturnNoAwait sleep after task ,threadid={Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId.ToString("00")}---{System.DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:fff")}");
}
九、双色球项目
1.代码
知识点
1.7个独立任务,要多线程计算,启动7个线程后,线程内存while一直计算
2.子线程不能更新界面,所以要this.Updatelbl(lbl, sNumber)实现
3.通过while (this.isgoon)从外面终止7个线程
4.通过lock (llock)对7个子线程进行加锁,避免7个线程同一时刻的值是一样的
5.子线程等待,更新界面 if (!this.isexsit(“00”) && !this.blue.Text.Equals(“00”))
6.所有子线程都执行完后回调taskFactory.ContinueWhenAll(this.tasklist.ToArray(), t => this.ShowResult() );//
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace 双色球
{
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
this.start.Enabled = true;
this.stop.Enabled = false;
}
private string[] rednums = {
"01","02","03","04","05","06","07","08","09","10",
"11","12","13","14","15","16","17","18","19","20",
"21","22","23","24","25","26","27","28","29","30",
"31","32","33"
};
private string[] bluenums = {
"01","02","03","04","05","06","07","08","09","10",
"11","12","13","14","15","16"
};
private static readonly object llock =new object();
private bool isgoon = true;
private List<Task> tasklist = new List<Task>();
private void start_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
try
{
this.start.Text = "运行ing";
this.start.Enabled = false;
this.isgoon = true;
this.tasklist = new List<Task>();
this.blue.Text = "00";
this.label1.Text = "00";
this.label2.Text = "00";
this.label3.Text = "00";
this.label4.Text = "00";
this.label5.Text = "00";
this.label6.Text = "00";
Console.WriteLine(new Random().Next(0, 15));
Console.WriteLine(new Random().Next(0, 15));
Console.WriteLine(new Random().Next(0, 15));
Console.WriteLine(new Random().Next(0, 15));
Thread.Sleep(1000);
TaskFactory taskFactory = new TaskFactory();
foreach(var control in this.groupBox1.Controls)
{
if (control is Label)//标签中
{
Label lbl = (Label)control;
if (lbl.Name.Contains("blue")) //blue
{
tasklist.Add( taskFactory.StartNew(() =>
{
while (this.isgoon)
{
int indexNum1 = Getrandombnumlong(0, bluenums.Length);
string sNumber = this.bluenums[indexNum1];
// lbl.Text = sNumber;
this.Updatelbl(lbl, sNumber);
}
}));
}
else//red
{
tasklist.Add( taskFactory.StartNew(() =>
{
while (this.isgoon)
{
int indexNum1 = Getrandombnumlong(0, this.rednums.Length);
string sNumber = this.rednums[indexNum1];
// lbl.Text = sNumber;
lock (llock)
{
if (this.isexsit(sNumber))//加锁防止random出现一样的值
{
continue;//重复数据时放弃更新
}
this.Updatelbl(lbl, sNumber);//7个线程访问的是内存中同一个string sNumber,加锁防止取到的值是重复的,
}
}
}));
}
}
}
//Thread.Sleep(3000);//直接等3000ms让stop开关enable,不靠谱,有可能有的线程因为数据重复,text没有更新
//this.stop.Enabled = true;
/*
while (true)
{
Thread.Sleep(1000);
if (!this.isexsit("00") && !this.blue.Text.Equals("00"))
{
this.stop.Enabled = true;
break;
}
}*/
Task.Run(()=> {
while (true)
{
Thread.Sleep(1000);
if (!this.isexsit("00") && !this.blue.Text.Equals("00"))
{
this.Invoke(new Action(()=>{
this.stop.Enabled = true;//子线程操控不了主线程控件,需要主线程来完成
}));
break;
}
}
});
taskFactory.ContinueWhenAll(this.tasklist.ToArray(), t => this.ShowResult() );//所有子线程都执行完
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine("双色球启动出现异常:{0}",ex.Message);
}
}
private void stop_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
this.start.Enabled = true;
this.stop.Enabled = false;
this.isgoon = false;
//Task.WaitAll(this.tasklist.ToArray());//主线程等着全部任务完成,子任务还需要主线程干活更新label,所以又是死锁
//this.ShowResult();
}
private void ShowResult()
{
MessageBox.Show(string.Format("本期双色球为:{0} {1} {2} {3} {4} {5} 蓝球{6}"
, this.label1.Text
, this.label2.Text
, this.label3.Text
, this.label4.Text
, this.label5.Text
, this.label6.Text
, this.blue.Text ));
}
//更新界面
private void Updatelbl(Label lbl ,string text)
{
if (lbl.InvokeRequired)
{
//这里的this指的是winform窗体主UI线程,让UI线程去更新text值
this.Invoke(new Action(()=>{
//if (this.isgoon) //不延迟,点了就不更新
// {
lbl.Text = text;
Console.WriteLine($"当前update线程id{Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId}");
// }
}));
}
else
{
lbl.Text = text;
}
}
//验证标签中的text是否有相同的值
private bool isexsit(string snumber)
{
foreach (var control in this.groupBox1.Controls)
{
if (control is Label)//标签中的
{
Label lbl = (Label)control;
if (lbl.Name.Contains("label"))
{
if (lbl.Text.Equals(snumber))
{
return true;
}
}
}
}
return false;
}
public int Getrandombnumlong(int min , int max)
{
int indexNum = new Random().Next(min, max);
Thread.Sleep(1000);
return indexNum;
}
}
}
十、知识点代码汇总
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace multithread
{
public class Class1
{
private void dosomething(string name)
{
Console.WriteLine($"[****Dosomething {name} start: 线程号:({Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId.ToString("00")})---{System.DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:fff")}*******]");
}
//
//Console.WriteLine($"[------------到这里计算完成: 线程号:({Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId.ToString("00")})---{System.DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:fff")}-----]");
private void mainpoints() {
//1委托调用
Action<string> action = this.dosomething;//委托带参数
Action action1 = () => this.dosomething("CC");//委托不带参数
action.Invoke("AA");//同步调用委托
action("BB");//同步调用委托
action.BeginInvoke("cc", null, null);//异步调用委托
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
{
string name = string.Format($"btn_click_{i}");
action.BeginInvoke(name, null, null);//异步多线程
}
List<Task> tasklist = new List<Task>();
TaskFactory taskFactory = new TaskFactory();
string name1 = string.Format($"btn_click");
CancellationTokenSource cts = new CancellationTokenSource();
Action<object> act = t =>
{
if (t.ToString().Equals("btn_click_11"))
{
throw new Exception(string.Format($"{t}执行失败"));
}
};
tasklist.Add(taskFactory.StartNew(act, name1, cts.Token));
//2.委托执行完后进行回调
//标准写法
AsyncCallback callback = new AsyncCallback(i => Console.WriteLine($"[------------到这里计算完成: 线程号:({Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId.ToString("00")})---{System.DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:fff")}-----]"));
//简单写法
AsyncCallback callback1 = i =>
{
Console.WriteLine($"[------------到这里计算完成: 线程号:({Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId.ToString("00")})---{System.DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:fff")}-----]");
};
action.BeginInvoke("cc", callback, null);
//回调1 -异步action执行完才会执行回调-action.BeginInvoke("cc", callback, "nimen")-1
IAsyncResult asyncResult = null;
asyncResult = action.BeginInvoke("cc", callback, "nimen");
//回调1 - 异步action执行完才会执行回调 - action.BeginInvoke("cc", callback, "nimen")-2
action.BeginInvoke("cc", r =>
{
Console.WriteLine("11");
}, "nimen");
//回调2 -异步action执行完才会执行回调-(!asyncResult.IsCompleted)
while (!asyncResult.IsCompleted)
{
Console.WriteLine($"文件上传99.9%..");
}
//回调3 -异步action执行完才会执行回调--信号量WaitOne()
asyncResult.AsyncWaitHandle.WaitOne();//等待异步任务完成后,才打印计算完成
asyncResult.AsyncWaitHandle.WaitOne(2000);//限时等待
// 回调4 - 异步action执行完才会执行回调 - EndInvoke拿到委托函数的返回值
Func<int> func = () =>
{
return DateTime.Now.Day;
};
Console.WriteLine($"func.Invoke()={ func.Invoke()}");
IAsyncResult asyncResult1 = func.BeginInvoke(r =>
{
Console.WriteLine(r.AsyncState);
}, "nimen");
Console.WriteLine($"func.EndInvoke={ func.EndInvoke(asyncResult1)}");
//3.thread
//3.1.线程启动 thread.Start();
ThreadStart threadStart = () => this.dosomething("cc");
Thread thread = new Thread(threadStart);
thread.Start();
//3.2.线等待程thread.Join();
thread.Join(500);//卡主线程
Console.WriteLine($"等待500ms");
thread.Join();
//3.3.thread.ThreadState /thread.IsBackfround
while (thread.ThreadState != ThreadState.Stopped)
{
Thread.Sleep(100);//cpu时间片交出去干其他的事,但是内存还是占用
}
thread.IsBackground = true;//前台线程,当软件闪退时,会吐出日志
//4.threadPool
//4.1ThreadPool.GetMaxThreads
ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(
t =>
{ this.dosomething("cc");
this.dosomething("dd");
});//接收一个没有返回值的委托
ThreadPool.SetMaxThreads(16, 16);
ThreadPool.GetMaxThreads(out int Workerthreads, out int completionPortThreads);
Console.WriteLine($"Workerthreads:{Workerthreads}+completionPortThreads{completionPortThreads}");
//4.2.manualResetEvent
ManualResetEvent manualResetEvent = new ManualResetEvent(false);
ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(t =>
{
this.dosomething("cc");
manualResetEvent.Set();
});//接收一个没有返回值的委托
manualResetEvent.WaitOne();
Console.WriteLine($"等待ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem执行完再执行");
//5.task
Task.Run(() =>
{
this.dosomething("cc");
Console.WriteLine($"等待ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem执行完再执行");
});
new Task(() => this.dosomething("33")).Start();
TaskFactory taskFactory1 = Task.Factory;
taskFactory.StartNew(() => this.dosomething("44"));
//5.1 task.waitall、waitany .ContinueWith taskFactory.ContinueWhenAny
List<Task> tasklist1 = new List<Task>();
tasklist.Add(Task.Run(() => this.dosomething("33")));
tasklist.Add(Task.Run(() => this.dosomething("33")));
Task.WaitAny(tasklist.ToArray());
Task.WaitAll(tasklist.ToArray());
Task.WhenAll(tasklist.ToArray()).ContinueWith(t =>
{
Console.WriteLine($"等待ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem执行完再执行");
});
taskFactory.ContinueWhenAny(tasklist.ToArray(), t => { });
//5.2 task线程完成标识
Task task = new Task(t => { }, "CC");
Console.WriteLine(task.AsyncState);//会打印CC
//5.3thread.sleep()卡线程 task.delay()不卡线程
//5.4tasklist线程取消
CancellationTokenSource cts1 = new CancellationTokenSource();
tasklist.Add(taskFactory.StartNew(() => this.dosomething("44"), cts1.Token));
//6.parallel启动多线程
Parallel.Invoke(
() => this.dosomething("11"),
() => this.dosomething("22"),
() => this.dosomething("33")
);
//6.1Parallel.For
Parallel.For(0, 5, i => this.dosomething(i));
Parallel.ForEach(new string[] { "0","1","2","3"},i=>this.dosomething("11"));
//6.2控制并发数量
ParallelOptions parallelOptions = new ParallelOptions();
parallelOptions.MaxDegreeOfParallelism = 3;
Parallel.For(0,40,parallelOptions,(i,state)=> {
if (i==2)
{
state.Break();
state.Stop();
}
});
//7.线程安全lock
//private static readonly object btn_click = new object();
int c = 0;
tasklist.Add(taskFactory.StartNew(() => {
int m = 3 + 2;
lock (btn_click)
{
c += 1;
}
}));
//8.await/asyncawait 后的代码相当于回调,只不过不是自己写的,是编译器状态机自带的。
//回调方法continuewith是子线程完成的,但await不仅仅是回调(可子线程可主线程,计算机分配),所以他们又有所不同
private static async void Async()
{
await Task.Run(() =>
{
Console.WriteLine($"等待ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem执行完再执行");
});
Console.WriteLine($"等待ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem执行完再执行");
}
}
}
}